ASTM F2670-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2670 − 18 F2670 − 22
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Infant Bath Tubs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2670; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with infant bath tubs and infant
bath tub accessories identified by the U.S Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
This consumer safety specification is intended to address certain incidents associated with the use
of infant bath tubs. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) identified drowning
incidents which generally involved infant bath In response to incident data compiled by the CPSC, this
specification attempts to minimize the following hazards: infant bath tubs being used in adult tubs
containing water and left unattended by their caregiver. The CPSC also identified non-fatal incidents
related to collapsing of infant bath tubs.caregiver, collapse of infant bath tubs, drowning incidents with
accessories being used in or on infant bath tubs, and collapse and structural failure of accessories.
This consumer safety specification is also intended to address certain incidents associated with the
use of infant bath tub accessories. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) identified
drowning incidents with accessories being used in or on infant bath tubs. The CPSC also identified
non-fatal incidents related to collapse and structural failure of infant bath tub accessories.
This consumer safety specification does not address incidents in which infant bath tubs and infant
bath tub accessories are unreasonably misused, are used in a careless manner that disregards the
warnings and instructions that are provided with each product, or those instances where the caregiver
leaves the infant unattended in the product.specification is intended to cover normal use and
reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of the products.
This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art product technology.
It is intended that this consumer safety specification of infant bath tub and infant bath tub accessory
technology and will be updated whenever substantive information becomes available and known to
ASTM which that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of existing require-
ments.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements to promote
the safe use of infant bath tubs. It also covers slings, pads, inserts, and similar accessories when such accessories are used with
the infant bath tub.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to reduce the risk of death and minimize injury to infants resulting from use
and reasonably foreseeable abuse of infant bath tubs and infant bath tub accessories.
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.20
on Bath Seats.
Current edition approved March 1, 2018March 1, 2022. Published March 2018March 2022. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
F2670 – 17.F2670 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/F2670-18.10.1520/F2670-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2670 − 22
1.3 No infant bath tub or infant bath tub accessory produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall,
either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1683/D1683M Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
2.2 Federal Standards:
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead Containing Paint
16 CFR 1500 Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulations
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
Under 8 Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other Articles Intended for
Use by Children Under 8 Years of Age
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years of Age Which Present
Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
2.3 ANSI Standard:
ANSI Z535.1 Safety Colors
ANSI Z535.4ANSI Z535.4 Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels
ANSI Z535.6ANSI Z535.6 Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous, adj—visible, when the occupant is in the product and the product is in any manufacturer’s recommended use
position(s), to a person standing near the product at any one position around the product, but not necessarily visible from all
positions.
3.1.2 double action double-action release system, n—a mechanism requiring either two consecutive actions, the first of which must
be maintained while the second is carried out, or two separate and independent simultaneous actions to fully release.
3.1.3 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be assembled using
a seam.
3.1.4 infant bath tub, n—tub, enclosure, or other similar product intended to hold water and be placed into an adult bath tub, sink,
or on top of other surfaces to provide support or containment, or both, for an infant in a reclining, sitting, or standing position
during bathing by a caregiver.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
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3.1.5 infant bath tub accessory, n—component or product sold with an infant bath tub or sold separately and that is intended to
be attached to or placed on or in an infant bath tub for the purpose of supporting an infant during bathing by an adult caregiver.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—
Such component or product may also be intended for use separately as a standalone product, but that use mode is not covered by
this consumer safety specification. Other components or products not intended to support an infant while being bathed (for
example, soap or towel holder, water pump, shower handle, etc.) are excluded from this definition.
3.1.6 locking or latchinglatching and locking mechanism, n—method of preventing an infant bath tub from folding or collapsing
during use.
3.1.7 manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), n—any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature.
3.1.7.1 Discussion—
This specifically excludes positions which the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or
not recommended.
3.1.8 nonpaper label, n—any label material, such as plastic or metal, that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears
leaving a sharply defined edge or labels made of fabric.
3.1.9 occupant, n—infant that is in an infant bath tub or an infant bath tub accessory in any manufacturer’s recommended use
position(s).
3.1.10 paper label, n—any label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
3.1.11 principal display panel, n—that part of the product’s package that is most likely to be displayed, presented, shown or
examined under normal or customary conditions of display for retail sale.
3.1.12 product, n—when used in this standard, means that requirements apply to both an infant bath tub and an infant bath tub
accessory.
3.1.13 protective component, n—any component used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes.
3.1.13.1 Discussion—
Examples of protective components include caps, sleeves, and plugs.
3.1.14 seam, n—means of joining fabric components such as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.
3.1.15 smooth test surface, n—any rigid plastic, metal, or porcelain surface to which the suction cups can adhere, and that is at
least 2 in. (51 mm) larger in all directions than the largest dimensions of the suction cup attachment device on the infant bath tub.
3.1.16 static load, n—vertically downward load applied by weights or other means.
4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 Unless otherwise noted, the product shall be completely assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.2 The product to be tested shall be in a room with an ambient temperature of 7373 °F 6 9°F (239 °F (23 °C 6 5°C)5 °C) for
at least 1 h prior to testing. Testing then shall be conducted within this temperature range.
4.3 All testing required by this consumer safety specification shall be conducted on the same product sample, unless otherwise
specified.
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5. General Requirements
5.1 Hazardous Sharp Edges or Points—There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined in 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16
CFR 1500.49 before or after the product has been tested to this consumer safety specification.
5.2 Small Parts—There shall be no small parts as defined in 16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this
consumer safety specification.
5.3 Lead in Paints—All paint and surface coatings on the product shall comply with the requirements of 16 CFR 1303.
5.4 Resistance to Collapse: Latching and Locking Mechanism(s):
5.4.1 When the product is placed in any manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), products that fold shall have a latching and
locking mechanism(s) or other means to prevent the product from folding or collapsing in a manner that puts the occupant at risk
of injury by falling out of the product or being subjected to contact or pressure by product components.
NOTE 1—“Other means” could include, but are not limited to, designs which utilize the occupant, an added component, or the water that is placed into
the product to act in opposition to the folding action or collapse of the product.
5.4.2 When the product is placed in any manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), latching and locking mechanisms designed
to prevent the unintentional collapse of the product with the infant in it mechanism(s) shall comply with either 5.4.1.15.4.2.1 or
5.4.1.25.4.2.2.
NOTE 1—An attachment (such as a hook) where the weight of the child maintains the engagement is not considered a latching and locking mechanism.
5.4.2.1 Product shall be designed with a single action mechanism that shall not release single-action release mechanism(s) that,
when tested in accordance with 7.1.1., shall remain engaged and operative.
5.4.2.2 Product shall be designed with a double action release system. There are no force requirements for a double action release
system.double-action release system.
5.4.3 During and upon completion of the test in accordance with 7.4, the infant bath tub shall remain in the manufacturer’s
recommended use position(s), and the latching and locking mechanism(s) shall remain engaged and operative after testing.op-
erative.
5.4.4 During and upon completion of the test in accordance with 7.4.1, 7.6.1, and 7.6.2, the infant bath tub accessory shall remain
in the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), and the latching and locking mechanism(s) shall remain engaged and operative
after testing.operative.
5.4.5 Latching and locking mechanism(s) shall also comply with the requirements of this section (5.4) after cycling has been
conducted in accordance with 7.1.2.
5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—The product, when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), shall be designed
and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate
about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or
pinching that may cause injury exists when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and less
than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.6 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) thick
and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33 mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are between
0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are limited in depth to
0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1 for examples). The product shall be
evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
5.7 Protective Components—If the child can grasp any protective components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, or if
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FIG. 1 Opening Examples
there is at least a 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component when the infant bath tub with
and without any accessories (if applicable) is in its manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), such component shall not be
removed when tested in accordance with 7.2.
5.8 Requirements for Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with either infant bath tubs or infant bath tub
accessories, or both, as well as their means of attachment, shall meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specification
F963.
5.9 Labeling:
5.9.1 Warning labels, whether paper or nonpaper, shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.3.1 – 7.3.4.
5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,
etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.3.1 and 7.3.5.
5.9.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.3.6.
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5.10 Compliance of Multi-use Products—For an infant bath tub accessory that is also intended to be used separately as a
standalone product covered under the scope of another ASTM or other standard, it shall also comply with the applicable
requirements of that standard.
5.11 Infant bath tubs and infant bath tub accessories must comply with the applicable requirements of the Consumer Product
Safety Improvement Act.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Restraint System—Products may have a permanent or removable passive crotch restraint as part of their design. They shall not
have any additional restraint system(s) which requires action on the part of the caregiver to secure or release the restraint.
6.2 Static Load—The infant bath tub shall not break, become permanently deformed or damaged, or fail to comply with any of
the other requirements of this consumer safety specification when tested in accordance with 7.4.
6.3 Specific Requirements for Suction Cups—Infant bath tubs that utilize individual suction cups as a method of attachment to a
surface shall comply with the following requirements:
6.3.1 Each suction cup shall remain attached to the product and shall not become damaged or broken after testing in accordance
with 7.5.1.
6.3.2 The product shall remain attached to the test surface and shall not become damaged or broken after testing in accordance
with 7.5.2.
6.4 Structural Integrity/Attachment of Infant Bath Tub Accessories:
6.4.1 Tests required in this section for static and dynamic load shall be conducted in the sequence listed and using the same tub
sample as in 6.2, unless the tub sample is damaged beyond use during testing, in which case a new tub sample shall be used to
complete the testing.
6.4.2 Testing shall be conducted in each of the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s) and for each separate mode of use
recommended for the accessory.
6.4.3 Static and Dynamic Load—Accessories shall not allow any of the following conditions after being tested in accordance with
7.4.1 and 7.6.1 for static load and 7.6.2 for dynamic load:
6.4.3.1 Any parts of the accessory to become separated from it,
6.4.3.2 Any permanent damage,
6.4.3.3 The accessory to collapse or any attachment point to disengage from (no longer be in contact with) the infant bath tub,
6.4.3.4 A change in adjustment that causes the infant bath tub accessory to not fully support the occupant,
6.4.3.5 The creation of a hazardous condition as defined in Section 5.
6.4.4 Fabric/Mesh Integrity of Accessories—Accessories shall meet the requirements of 6.4.4.1 and 6.4.4.2. At the conclusion of
testing required by 6.4.4.1 and 6.4.4.2, there shall be no failure of seams, breakage of material, or change in adjustment that causes
the infant bath tub accessory to not fully support the occupant or to create a hazardous condition as defined in Section 5.
6.4.4.1 Seam Strength of Accessories—All seams supporting the weight of the occupant, when tested in accordance with Test
Method D1683/D1683M, shall have a breaking strength of 30 lbf (134 N) or greater.
6.4.4.2 Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength of Accessories—When tested in accordance with 7.7, all locations on the accessory
where a mesh or fabric assembly is mechanically fastened to a rigid structural element (for example, fastening of the assembly to
a wire frame) shall not disengage or detach.
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7. Test Methods
7.1 Latching and Locking Mechanism(s):
7.1.1 Single Action Single-action Release Mechanism—With the product in each manufacturer’s recommended use position,
gradually apply a 10-lbf (45-N) force to the latching and locking mechanism(s) in the direction tending to release it.
7.1.2 Latching and Locking Mechanism Durability—The latching and locking mechanism(s) shall be cycled through their normal
operation for the number of cycles specified in 7.1.2.1 and 7.1.2.2. Each cycle shall consist of opening and closing the mechanism
and erecting/folding the product. Cycling shall be conducted at continuous basis.
7.1.2.1 For infant bath tubs, use 2000 cycles.
7.1.2.2 For accessories, use 730 cycles.
7.2 Removal of Protective Components Test:
7.2.1 Prior to conducting the following tests, first completely submerge the testable components for 20 min in clear water that is
at an initial temperature of 100100 °F to 105°F (37.8105 °F (37.8 °C to 40.6°C).40.6 °C). Conduct the following tests within 10
min after removal from the water.
7.2.2 Any protective component shall be tested in accordance with each of the following methods in the sequence listed.
7.2.3 Secure the product so that the product cannot move during the performance of the following tests:
7.2.4 Torque Test—Gradually apply a torque of 4 lbf-in. (0.4 N-m) (0.4 N-m) over a period of 5 s in a clockwise direction until
a rotation of 180° from the original position has been attained or 4 lbf-in. has been exceeded. The torque or maximum rotation
shall be maintained for an additional 10 s. The torque shall then be removed and the test components permitted to return to a
relaxed condition. This procedure shall then be repeated in the counter-clockwise direction.
7.2.5 Tension Test:
7.2.5.1 Attach a force gauge to the protective component by means of any suitable device. For components that cannot reasonably
be expected to be grasped between thumb and forefinger, or teeth, on their outer diameter but have a gap of 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) or
more between the rear surface of the component and the structural member of the product to which they are attached, a clamp such
as shown in Fig. 2 may be a suitable device.
7.2.5.2 Be sure that the attachment device does not compress or expand the component hindering any possible removal.
7.2.5.3 Gradually apply a force of 15 lbf (67 N) over a period of 5 s in the direction that would normally be associated with the
removal of the protective component. Hold for an additional 10 s.
7.3 Permanence of Labels and Warnings:
7.3.1 To determine the permanence of a label or printing applied to the surface of the product, first completely submerge the label
or printed area for 20 min in clear water that is at an initial temperature of 100100 °F to 105°F (37.8105 °F (37.8 °C to
40.6°C).40.6 °C). Drain off the excess water and let the label or printed area air dry for 24 h at 7373 °F 6 9°F (23 6 5°C), 209 °F
(23 °C 6 5 °C), 20 % to 70 % RH, prior to conducting any permanency tests.
7.3.2 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without
the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, it tears into pieces upon removal or such action damages the surface to which
it is attached.
7.3.3 A nonpaper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it
without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed or such action damages the surface to which it is attached.
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FIG. 2 Tension Test Adapter/Clamp
7.3.4 A warning label attached by a seam shall be considered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15-lbf (67-N)
pull force applied in any direction using a ⁄4-in. diameter clamp surface.
7.3.5 Adhesion test for warnings applied directly onto the surface of the product.
7.3.5.1 Apply the tape test defined in Test Method B, Cross-Cut Tape Test of Test Methods D3359, eliminating parallel cuts.
7.3.5.2 Perform this test once in each different location where warnings are applied.
7.3.5.3 The warning statements will be considered permanent if the printing in the area tested is still legible and attached after
being subjected to this test.
7.3.6 A nonpaper label, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, shall not be removed or shall not fit
entirely within the small parts cylinder defined in 16 CFR 1501 if it can be removed.
7.4 Static Load Test – Infant Bath Tub:
7.4.1 Install the infant bath tub according to the manufacturer’s instructions onto a smooth test surface. In the case where the
product must be supported on or near its ends, use an appropriate support structure to simulate this support.
7.4.2 Place a load on the center of the seating surface using a 6 to 8 in. (150 to 200 mm) 6 in. to 8 in. (150 mm to 200 mm)
diameter bag filled with steel shot which has a total weight of 50 lb (22.7 kg) or three times the maximum weight of the child
recommended by the manufacturer, whichever is greater.
7.4.3 Remove the weight after 20 minutes.
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7.5 Suction Cup Tests:
7.5.1 Suction Cup Attachment to Infant Bath Tub:
7.5.1.1 If the product can be used inside another enclosure that may contain water (for example, a sink or an adult bath tub), then
install the product accord
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