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ASTM D6772/D6772M-16

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Dimensional Stability of Sandwich Core Materials

Standard Test Method for Dimensional Stability of Sandwich Core Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sandwich panel cores may change planar dimensions when heated. This phenomenon can be associated with the effects of heating upon the core material itself, as well as changes in core moisture content resulting from the heating cycle. It is prudent to know if this may be problematic with regard to the intended final part dimensions.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of characterizing the dimensional stability of sandwich core materials for design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.  
5.3 Factors that influence dimensional stability of sandwich core materials and shall therefore be reported include the following: core material, methods of material fabrication, core geometry, core thickness, core thickness uniformity, cell wall thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation, heating and cooling environments (including temperatures and humidity levels), and specimen conditioning (both prior to and after heating).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sandwich core dimensional stability in the two plan dimensions.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2016
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.09 - Sandwich Construction
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6772/D6772M − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Dimensional Stability of Sandwich Core Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6772/D6772M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sand- 3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
wich core dimensional stability in the two plan dimensions. to high-modulus fibers and their composites, as well as terms
relating to sandwich constructions. Terminology D883 defines
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
terms relating to plastics.Terminology E456 and Practice E177
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
over the other terminologies.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.2 Symbols:
with the standard.
3.2.1 CV—coefficient of variation statistic of a sample
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in
population for a given property (in percent)
brackets.
3.2.2 L— initial (pre-test) measured dimension
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
i
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 L—post-heating measured dimension
f
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.4 S —standard deviation statistic of a sample popula-
n-1
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tion for a given property
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.5 x —test result for an individual specimen from the
I
2. Referenced Documents sample population for a given property
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.2.6 x¯—mean or average (estimate of mean) of a sample
population for a given property
C271/C271M Test Method for Density of Sandwich Core
Materials
4. Summary of Test Method
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
4.1 This test method consists of placing a small piece of
D5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop-
sandwichcorematerialinanelevatedtemperatureenvironment
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
for a specified period of time. After cooling, the dimensional
Composite Materials
changes in the planar dimensions are measured and compared
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
to the initial measurements taken prior to thermal exposure,
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
both immediately after heating and after re-conditioning. A
Lot or Process
typical honeycomb core specimen is shown in Fig. 1.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
5. Significance and Use
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
5.1 Sandwich panel cores may change planar dimensions
when heated. This phenomenon can be associated with the
effects of heating upon the core material itself, as well as
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
changes in core moisture content resulting from the heating
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on
Sandwich Construction. cycle. It is prudent to know if this may be problematic with
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
regard to the intended final part dimensions.
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6772 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D6772_D6772M-16.
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of charac-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
terizing the dimensional stability of sandwich core materials
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for design properties, material specifications, research and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. development applications, and quality assurance.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6772/D6772M − 16
7.3 Oven—An air-circulating oven is required that shall be
capable of maintaining the required temperature to within
63°C[65 °F].
8. Sampling and Test Specimens
8.1 Sampling—Test at least five specimens per test condi-
tion unless valid results can be gained through the use of fewer
specimens,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6772/D6772M − 15 D6772/D6772M − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Dimensional Stability of Sandwich Core Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6772/D6772M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sandwich core dimensional stability in the two plan dimensions.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C271/C271M Test Method for Density of Sandwich Core Materials
3
C274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich Constructions (Withdrawn 2016)
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases (Withdrawn 2015)
3
E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases (Withdrawn 2015)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating to high-modulus fibers and their composites.
Terminologycomposites, as C274 defineswell as terms relating to structural sandwich constructions. Terminology D883 defines
terms relating to plastics. Terminology E456 and Practice E177 define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict between
terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence over the other terminologies.
3.2 Symbols:
3.2.1 CV—coefficient of variation statistic of a sample population for a given property (in percent)
3.2.2 L — initial (pre-test) measured dimension
i
3.2.3 L —post-heating measured dimension
f
3.2.4 S —standard deviation statistic of a sample population for a given property
n-1
3.2.5 x —test result for an individual specimen from the sample population for a given property
I
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on Sandwich
Construction.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015April 1, 2016. Published April 2015April 2016. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20072015 as
D6772 - 02D6772 – 15.(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D6772_D6772M-15.10.1520/D6772_D6772M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6772/D6772M − 16
3.2.6 x¯—mean or average (estimate of mean) of a sample population for a given property
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of placing a small piece of sandwich core material in an elevated temperature environment for a
specified period of time. After cooling, the dimensional changes in the planar dimensions are measured and compared to the initial
measurements taken prior to thermal exposure, both immediately after heating and after re-conditioning. A typical honeycomb core
specimen is shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Dimensional Stability Specimen
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Sandwich panel cores may change planar dimensions when heated. This phenomenon can be associated w
...

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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of pinned or fastened joints using multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A), single-shear tensile or compressive loading of a two-piece specimen (Procedure B), single-shear tensile loading of a one-piece specimen (Procedure C), or double-shear compressive loading (Procedure D). Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of MIL-HDBK-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing response test method.  
1.3 The multi-fastener test configurations described in this test method are similar to those used by industry to investigate the bypass portion of the bearing bypass interaction response for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. Note that the scope of this test method is limited to bearing and fastener failure modes. Use Test Method D7248/D7248M for by-pass testing.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7766/D7766M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Damage Resistance Testing of Sandwich Constructions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions that allow Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Susceptibility to damage from concentrated out-of-plane forces is one of the major design concerns of many structures made using sandwich constructions. Knowledge of the damage resistance properties of a sandwich panel is useful for product development and material selection.  
5.2 Sandwich damage resistance testing can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of facing geometry, facing stacking sequence, facing-to-core interface, core geometry (cell size, cell wall thickness, core thickness, etc.), core density, core strength, processing and environmental variables on the damage resistance of a particular sandwich panel to a concentrated quasi-static indentation force, drop-weight impact force, or impact energy.  
5.2.2 To compare quantitatively the relative values of the damage resistance parameters for sandwich constructions with different facing, core or adhesive materials. The damage response parameters can include dent depth, damage dimensions and location(s), indentation or impact force magnitudes, impact energy magnitudes, as well as the force versus time curve.  
5.2.3 To impart damage in a specimen for subsequent damage tolerance tests, such as Test Method D8287/D8287M and Practice D8388/D8388M.  
5.2.4 Quasi-static indentation tests can also be used to identify a specific sequence of damage events (only the final damage state is identifiable after a drop-weight impact test).  
5.3 The properties obtained using these practices can provide guidance in regard to the anticipated damage resistance capability of sandwich structures with similar materials, geometry, stacking sequence, and so forth. However, it must be understood that the damage resistance of a sandwich structu...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying laminate quasi-static indentation and drop-weight impact test methods to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb, truss cores and fiber-reinforced cores).  
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) with provisions for testing sandwich specimens. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, facing thickness, core thickness and core density) are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.  
1.3 Three test procedures are provided. Procedures A and B correspond to D6264/D6264M test procedures for rigidlybacked and edge-supported test conditions, respectively. Procedure C corresponds to D7136/D7136M test procedures. All three procedures are suitable for imparting damage to a sandwich specimen in preparation for subsequent damage tolerance testing in accordance with Test Method D8287/D8287M (compressive loading) and Practice D8388/D8388M (flexural loading).  
1.4 In general, Procedure A is considered to be the most suitable procedure for comparative damage resistance assessments, due to reduced influence of flexural stiffness and support fixture characteristics upon damage formation. However, the selection of a test procedure and associated support conditions should be done in consideration of the intended structural application, and as such Procedures B and C may be more appropriate for comparative purposes for some applications.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not ...

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