ASTM F2362-03(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F2362 −03 (Reapproved 2019) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Temperature Monitoring Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2362; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Classification
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for equip- 4.1 General—Temperature measuring devices are generally
classified as either temperature sensors or thermometers. Ther-
ment intended to provide control input and monitoring of
temperatures in general applications. Equipment described in mometers are not covered by this specification. Temperature
sensors are classified by design and construction. Sensors may
this specification includes temperature indicators, signal con-
ditioners and power supplies, and temperature sensors such as also be classified by the manner of response, basically me-
chanical or electrical, to a change in temperature. Mechanical
thermocouples and resistance temperature element assemblies.
response is characterized by some mechanical action as tem-
1.2 Special requirements for Naval shipboard applications
perature changes. Electrical response is characterized by the
are included in the Supplementary Requirements section.
production or change of an electrical signal or property as
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
temperature changes. The following describes the most com-
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
mon types of sensors:
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
4.2 Thermocouples—Thermocouples are constructed in a
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
variety of designs to provide measurement of direct or differ-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ential temperature. Thermocouples are commonly installed
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
using a thermowell which protects the thermocouple but also
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
delays the rapid response time characteristic of thermocouples.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2.1 Principle of Operation—Most thermocouples utilize
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
two wires fabricated from dissimilar metals joined at one end
to form a measuring junction that is exposed to the process
2. Referenced Documents
medium being measured. The other ends of the wires are
2.1 ASTM Standards:
usually terminated at a measuring instrument which forms a
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
reference junction. When the two junctions are exposed to
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
different temperatures, electrical current will flow through the
etry
circuit (Seebeck Effect). The measurement of millivoltage
resulting from the current is proportional to the temperature
3. Terminology
being sensed.
4.2.2 Types of Thermocouples—Thermocouples can be di-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terminology shall be in ac-
vided into functional classes by materials and therefore,
cordance with Terminology E344.
temperature ranges. The three classes are base metal, noble
metal, and refractory metal. Although many types are com-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships monlyusedinindustrialapplications,theInstrumentSocietyof
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on
America (ISA) has assigned letter designations to seven types.
Electrical.
By convention, the practice of using a slash mark to separate
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published February 2020. Originally
the materials of each thermocouple wire is widely accepted.
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2362 – 03 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/F2362-03R19.
Likewise, the order in which the materials appear also denotes
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
polarity of the wires; positive/negative when the measuring
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
junction is at a higher temperature than the reference junction.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. The following are examples of typical thermocouples:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2362−03 (2019)
5.2.10 Special preservation, packaging, packing and mark-
Temperature
Class Type Materials
(max)
ing requirements.
Base metal J Iron/constantan 1000°C (1832°F)
6. Materials and Manufacture
Base metal T Copper/constantan 1000°C (1832°F)
Base metal K Chromel/Alumel 1000°C (1832°F)
6.1 Temperature Sensors—The materials for all wetted parts
Base metal E Chromel/constantan 1000°C (1832°F)
Base metal --- Alloys of copper, nickel, iron, 1000°C (1832°F) shall be selected for long term compatibility with the process
chromium, manganese,
medium.
aluminum, and other metals
Noble metal --- Various noble metals 2000°C (3632°F)
7. Physical Properties
Refractory --- Tungsten-rhenium, tantalum, 2600°C (4712°F)
metal molybdenum, and their alloys
7.1 Description—The equipment specified herein in con-
4.3 Resistance Temperature Measuring Devices—
junction with the thermocouples or resistance temperature
Resistance thermometers measure changes in temperature
measuring elements comprise a temperature instrument. The
based on changes in resistance of the sensor element exposed
temperature monitoring equipment may consist of the follow-
to the temperature. Two common types are resistance tempera-
ing units and may be built integrally together and housed in the
ture detectors which have metal sensor elements and thermis-
same enclosure:
tors which have semiconductor sensor elements.
7.1.1 Signal Conditioner—The signal conditioner shall con-
4.3.1 Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)—An RTD
vert the sensing element output to a continuous linear analog
consists of sensor which uses a metal wire or fiber which
signal directly proportional to temperature.
responds to changes in temperature by changing its resistance.
7.1.2 Power Supply—The power supply shall provide exci-
The sensor is connected to a readout via a bridge circuit or
tation energy to the signal conditioner and sensor.
other means of translating the resistance to a temperature
7.1.3 Test Device—A test device shall be furnished to
value.
provide a calibrated test signal used for calibrating the equip-
4.3.1.1 Types of RTDs—RTD designs include averaging
ment.
RTDs, annular RTDs, and combination RTD-thermocouples.
7.2 Size and Weight Considerations—Adimensional outline
Averaging RTDs are characterized by a long resistance ele-
of the temperature monitoring equipment showing overall and
ment.Annular RTDs have sensors that are designed to provide
principle dimensions in sufficient detail to establish space
a tight fit within the inner walls of thermowells. Combination
requirements in all directions necessary for installation and
RTD-thermocouples have both an RTD and a thermocouple
servicing will greatly assist proper selection. In many applica-
housed in the same sheath.
tions weight is a critical limitation.
4.3.2 Thermistors—Thermistors are made of solid semicon-
7.3 General Features—Requirements for general features
ductor materials, usually complex metal oxides, that have a
shall be specified. General features consist of the following:
high coefficient of resistance. Thermistors are available with
7.3.1 Output,
positiveandnegativetemperaturecoefficientsofresistanceand
7.3.2 Equipment range,
are usually designated PTC and NTC thermistors, respectively.
7.3.3 Adjustments,
The temperature range for typical thermistors is 100 to 300°C
7.3.4 Failsafe output,
(212 to 572°F).
7.3.5 Isolation,
4.3.2.1 Types of Thermistors—Thermistors are classed by
7.3.6 Enclosure,
the configuration of the semiconductor material. Common
7.3.7 Power supply requirements, and
types are the bead, disc, washer, and rod thermistors. Leads are
7.3.8 Cable entrance and connection.
attachedtosemiconductormaterials,exceptwheremetalplated
faces are used for contact to complete the circuit.
8. Performance Requirements
5. Ordering Information 8.1 Service Life—The purchaser may have a minimum
specified service life requirement. Critical service life require-
5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer with all
ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements.
of the pertinent application data outlined in the acquisition
8.2 Performance Considerations—Certain performance
requirements.
characteristics may be deemed critical to the intended or
5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
desired function of temperature monitoring equipment. Perfor-
should specify the following:
mance tolerances are usually expressed in percent of equip-
5.2.1 Title, number and date of this specification,
ment span. The following performance characteristics and
5.2.2 Classification required,
environmentalexposuresshouldbetailoredtoeachpurchaser’s
5.2.3 Quantity of units required,
intended application:
5.2.4 Type of enclosure mounting,
8.2.1 Accuracy,
5.2.5 Power requirements,
8.2.2 Repeatability,
5.2.6 Equipment temperature ranges,
8.2.3 Threshold and deadband,
5.2.7 Size or weight limitations,
8.2.4 Ripple,
5.2.8 Disposition of qualification test samples,
8.2.5 Warm-up time,
5.2.9 Product marking requirements, and 8.2.6 Input resistance,
F2362−03 (2019)
8.2.7 Supply voltage or frequency, or both, teristic specified. Test report documentation requirements
8.2.8 Temperature error, should also be specified.
8.2.9 Response time,
12.3 Quality Conformance Testing—Quality conformance
8.2.10 Temperature,
testing is accomplished when qualification testing was satisfied
8.2.11 Insulation resistance,
by a previous acquisition or product has demonstrated reliabil-
8.2.12 Vibration, and
ity in similar applications. Quality conformance testing is
8.2.13 Shock.
usually less intensive than qualification, often verifying that
samples of a production lot meet a few critical performance
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
requirements.
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and
13. Certification
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
requirements.
13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the
purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
10. Number of Tests and Retests
sentingeachlothavebeeneithertestedorinspectedasdirected
10.1 Test Specimen—The number of test specimens to be
inthisspecificationandtherequirementshavebeenmet.When
subjected to qualification testing shall depend on the sensor
specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test
design. If each range is covered by a separate and distinct
results shall be furnished.
design, a test specimen for each range may require testing. In
14. Product Marking
instances where a singular design series may cover multiple
ranges and types, only three test specimens may need to be
14.1 Purchaser specified product marking shall be listed in
tested provided the electrical and mechanical similarities are
the acquisition requirements.
approved by the purchaser. In no case, however, should less
15. Packaging and Package Marking
than three units, one unit each representing low, medium, and
high ranges, be tested, regardless of design similarity.
15.1 Packaging of Product for Delivery—Product should be
packaged for shipment in accordance with Practice D3951.
11. Test Data
15.2 Any special preservation, packaging, or package mark-
11.1 Test Data—All test data shall remain on file at the
ing requirements for shipment or storage shall be identified in
manufacturer’s facility for review by the purchaser upon
the acquisition requirements.
request. It is recommended that test data be retained in the
manufacturer’s files for at least three years, or a period of time
16. Quality Assurance Provisions
acceptable to the purchaser and manufacturer.
16.1 Warranty:
16.1.1 Responsibility for Warranty—Unless otherwise
12. Inspection
specified, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:
12.1 Classification of Inspections—The inspection require-
16.1.1.1 All materials used to produce a unit, and
ments specified herein are classified as follows:
16.1.1.2 Manufacturer will warrant his product to be free
12.1.1 Qualification testing, and
from defect of workmanship to produce the unit.
12.1.2 Quality conformance testing.
17. Keywords
12.2 Qualification Testing—Qualification test requirements
shall be specified where applicable. Qualification test methods 17.1 resistance temperature detector (RTD); thermistor;
should be identified for each design and performance charac- thermocouple
F2362−03 (2019)
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
TEMPERATURE MONITORING EQUIPMENT (NAVAL SHIPBOARD USE)
The following supplementary requirements established for U.S. Naval shipboard application shall
apply when specified in the contract or purchase order. When there is conflict between the standard
(ASTM F2362) and this supplement, the requirements of this supplement shall take precedence for
equipment acquired by this supplement. This document supersedes MIL-T-15377, Temperature
Monitor Equipment, Naval Shipboard, for new ship construction.
S1. Scope S2.2 Government Documents:
S2.2.1 Military Standards:
S1.1 Thissupplementcoverstemperaturemonitoringequip-
MIL-STD-167-1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard
ment which continuously monitors and selectively indicates, at
Equipment (Type I—Environmental and Type II—Internally
a central location, a number of temperatures at remote equip-
Excited)
ment locations on board naval ships.
MIL-STD-1399 Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems
S1.2 Monitoring Equipment—Monitoring equipment, in
Electric Section 300 Power, Alternating Current (Metric)
conjunction with the temperature sensor assemblies and inter- 4
S2.2.2 Military Specifications:
connecting cabling, comprise a temperature measuring and
MIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.I. (High-Impact); Shipboard
alarm system. In order to warn operating personnel of abnor-
Machinery, Equipment and Systems, Requirements for
mal temperature conditions, the system shall energize an
MIL-PRF-19207/1 Fuseholders, Extractor Post Type,
audible and visual alarm when the temperature at a particular
Blown Fuse Indicating, Type FHL10U
location is below or above a preset limit. Monitoring of
MIL-PRF-19207/2 Fuseholders, Extractor Post Type,
temperatures shall be accomplished by measuring the electro-
Blown Fuse Indicating, Type FHL11U
motive force (emf) output of thermocouples or by measuring
the signal output due to changes in resistance of temperature
S3. Terminology
sensing elements. Temperature monitoring equipment shall
S3.1 Definitions:
actuate external audible alarms specified herein.
S3.1.1 temperature monitoring equipment, n—the necessary
S1.3 Selective Temperature Readout Equipment—Selective
equipment required to continuously or selectively sense and
temperature readout equipment, in conjunction with tempera-
indicate various temperatures including audible and visual
ture sensor assemblies and interconnecting cabling, comprise a
alarms when specified.
temperature measuring system. In order to enable operating
personnel to measure a number of temperatures at remote
S4. Classification
points, the system shall enable the operator to manually select
S4.1 Classification—Monitoring and selective temperature
the desired point to be measured, convert the selected tempera-
readout equipment classification shall be of following format:
ture sensor output to a signal proportional to temperature, and
Example: ASTM F2362S1-IC/A-1-RTE-40
displaythissignalonametercalibratedintemperature°C(°F).
Sensing Number of
Readout of temperatures shall be accomplished by measuring
Specification Type Alarm
Technique Channels
the output of thermocouples or by measuring the signal output
due to changes in resistance of temperature sensing elements.
F2362S1 IC/A 1 RTE 40
(see S4.2) (see S4.3) (see S4.4) (see S4.5)
S1.4 The U.S. Government preferred system of measure-
S4.2 Type—The equipment shall be designated by the 3
ment is the metric SI system. However, since this item was
originally designed using inch-pound units of measurement, in letter symbols as follows:
IC/A—Continuous, simultaneous monitoring of remote tem-
the event of conflict between the metric and inch-pound units,
the inch-pound units shall take precedence. perature sensors for alarm and also manual selective tempera-
ture readout.
IC/I—Manual selective temperature readout for measuring
S2. Referenced Documents
temperatures at several remote locations.
S2.1 Commercial Documents:
IC/S—Continuous, sequential scanning of remote tempera-
ANSI C96.1 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples
ture sensors for indication and alarm.
3 4
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
F2362−03 (2019)
S4.3 Alarm—The alarm technique shall be designated by a S7. Physical Properties
single number as follows:
S7.1 Enclosure Assembly:
1—Alarm on temperature above the set level or (exclusive
S7.1.1 Temperature Monitor Equipment—Equipment enclo-
or) below the set level as operator selected.
sure assembly shall be of sheet metal, splash-proof
2—No alarm provision—temperature readout only.
construction, and shall be suitable for either panel or bulkhead
S4.4 Temperature Sensing Technique—The temperature
mounting.Splash-proofconstructionshallbesuchthatwateror
sensing technique shall be designated by 3 letter symbols as
solid particles directed at the enclosed equipment or its
follows:
mounting surface shall have no harmful effect on equipment
RTE—Resistance temperature element, platinum.
operation.
TCE—Thermocouple temperature element, type K.
S7.1.2 Continuous Parallel Monitoring (IC/A)—Enclosure
S4.4.1 Readout Ranges—Readout ranges shall be provided
assembly for IC/A monitor equipment shall contain one tem-
as specified as follows:
perature readout module and the number of alarm modules
(1) For RTE type sensors, the following ranges and meter
required to provide the number of alarm channels specified, up
scales shall be provided:
to a maximum of 60. Modules shall be readily removable from
(a) 5 to 127°C (–40 to 260°F)
the enclosure assembly by means of integral plug-in features
(b) 18 to 205°C (0 to 400°F)
operable from the front of the enclosure.Access to the interior
(c) 18 to 427°C (0 to 800°F)
or back of the enclosure assembly shall not be required to
(d) 18 to 538°C (0 to 1000°F)
accomplish removal of any module.
(2) For type TCE sensors, the following ranges and meter
S7.1.3 Temperature Readout Module—The temperature
scales shall be provided:
module shall be a temperature readout device and associated
(a) 5 to 127°C (–40 to 260°F)
circuits. Necessary controls shall be located on the front panel
(b) 18 to 205°C (0 to 400°F)
of the module.
(c) 18 to 427°C (0 to 800°F)
S7.1.4 Alarm Module (IC/A and IC/I)—Indicator lights and
(d) 205 to 816°C (400 to 1500°F)
controls shall be located on the front panel of each alarm
(e) 260 to 1093°C (500 to 2000°F)
module to perform the following functions. Multi-position
S4.5 Number of Channels—The number of channels, cor-
switches may be utilized to combine control functions speci-
responding to the number of remote sensors that monitored
fied.
shall be designated by its numerical value.
(1) Power on light (white lens).
S5. Ordering Information (2) Alarm light for each temperature monitoring channel
(red lens).
S5.1 The purchaser shall provide the manufacturer with all
(3) External alarm cut-out (silence) switch for each tem-
of the pertinent application data shown in accordance with
perature monitoring channel.
S5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that are
(4) Alarm set potentiometer.
not shown in the acquisition requirements, they shall also be
(5) External alarm cut-out (silence) switch for temperature
described.
monitoring channels (one per equipment).
S5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
(6) Alarmcircuitresetswitch:onepermodule(ifrequired).
should specify the following:
(7) Test switch to verify continuity of alarm circuit, alarm
(1) Title, number and date of this specification,
light, and temperature sensor (one per module).
(2) Classification required,
(8) Read (indicate) light on each temperature monitoring
(3) Quantity of items required,
channel to light when it has been selected at the readout
(4) Number of temperature sensors to be monitored,
module.
(5) Setting of alarm channels, if other than 93.3°C (200°F),
S7.1.5 Access (IC/A)—Electrical connection between alarm
(6) Height and weight of equipment assembly,
and readout modules and between modules and the other
(7) Number of remote resistance temperature sensors or
circuits within the enclosure assembly shall be by means of
remote thermocouple temperature sensors monitored by
quick-disconnect connectors. Required auxiliary circuits, such
equipment,
as the power supply, shall be located within the enclosure
(8) Equipment alarm and readout temperature range,
assembly in such a location as to be readily accessible from the
(9) Accuracy or other performance requirements,
front of the enclosure assembly. Required controls and
(10) Disposition of qualification test samples, and
indicators, associated with the power supply, shall be on the
(11) Unique preservation, packaging and marking require-
front panel. Fold down or slide drawer chassis construction
ments.
may be used. Terminals and terminal boards shall be provided
S6. Materials and Manufacture
for interconnection to ships power, temperature sensors, and
external audible alarm.These terminals shall also be located to
S6.1 Unless otherwise specified, equipment shall be fabri-
be accessible from the front of the enclosure assembly. Three
cated from corrosion resistant materials compatible with sys-
2.44 m (8 ft) long cable assemblies shall be provided and
tem piping materials and process medium.
stowed securely inside each equipment enclosure. With these
cable assemblies, it shall be possible to remove any one alarm
module and the power supply, readout, alarm, and calibration
F2362−03 (2019)
modules to operate the equipment in a normal manner on a proximately 93.3°C (200°F) for points, unless otherwise speci-
work bench away from the installed console. These cable fied in the acquisition requirements.
assemblies shall only be required to obtain access for special
S7.2.2 Visual Alarm—Each monitor point shall be uniquely
testing, trouble shooting, and repair.
associated with a specific remote temperature sensor and shall
S7.1.6 Manual Selective Temperature Readout Equipment
have its own individual indicating light. When the temperature
(IC/I)—Enclosure assembly shall contain the temperature in- at the point being monitored reaches a predetermined tempera-
dicating meter, selector switch for selecting the desired tem-
ture setting (alarm point), the indicator light shall be energized
perature sensor to be read, all required, associated functional and remain energized until manually reset.
circuits and parts, and terminals for interconnection to external
S7.2.3 Audible Alarm—One relay or electronic switch hav-
power and temperature sensors.
ing 5Aminimum rating DPDT operation shall be provided for
S7.1.7 Continuous Scanning Monitoring (IC/S)—Enclosure
supplying 115Valternating current (ac) power for actuating an
assembly for IC/S shall contain a readout, a micro processor, external audible alarm simultaneously with activating the
input multiplexers,A/D converters, and alarm circuits required
visualalarm.Thealarmrelayswitchshallbewiredtothepanel
to provide the number of channels specified, up to a maximum terminal boards in the cable entrance stuffing box. The audible
of 60. Operating controls and the readout shall be accessible
alarm shall be activated when any one or more of the
fromthefrontpanel.Aprovisionshallbeincludedwherebythe temperatures being monitored reaches the predetermined
function of the front panel controls can be disabled to prevent
(alarm)setting.Eachchannelshallprovideamanualswitchfor
tampering by unauthorized personnel. cuttingouttheaudiblealarmforitsownmonitoringpoint.This
S7.1.8 Temperature Monitor Equipment (IC/A)—One iden- cut-out shall not prevent any of the other channels from
sounding the audible alarm should the temperature at any other
tification plate shall be provided for each enclosure assembly.
Individual identification plates shall be provided on each monitored point reach the predetermined (alarm) setting. A
single, master cut-out switch with associated indicator light
module (alarm and indicator unit) showing the location of the
associated temperature sensing element, next to each alarm shall be provided, which will disable the sounding of the
external audible alarm for the entire system.
light, and identifying the function of controls and indicators
located on the front of each module. As an alternate, identifi-
S7.2.4 Independent Action—The monitoring and alarm ac-
cation plates showing location of temperature sensor elements tion of individual points shall be independent of each other.
may be provided on the overall equipment frame adjacent to
Action of indicating an alarm condition at one or more monitor
each module location. Plates shall also provide for indicating pointsshallnotpreventthesystem(equipment)fromindicating
the proper scale to use on the readout for each channel if a dial
an alarm condition at other monitor points.
type meter is used. Adjustment, calibration, setting, and stan-
S7.2.5 Temperature Readout—The temperature readout de-
dardization controls located within the enclosure assembly,
vice and channel selector switch shall be provided in a readout
shall also be identified by means of identification plates.
module. The selector switch shall be depressed to turn so that
Temperature sensor connection terminals shall be marked to
momentary contact is not made with intermediate channels.
correspond with the position identification for monitor point.
The continuous, automatic monitor and alarm capability of the
S7.1.9 Selective Temperature Readout Equipment (IC/I)—
system shall not be affected by the selection of a temperature
Thepositionofallselectorswitchesshallbemarkedtoidentify
sensor for reading. When a channel temperature reading is
the temperature sensor selected to be measured. Adjustment,
being taken, the alarm feature of all points including the one
calibration, and sensor connection terminals located within the being measured shall be maintained. The operation of the
enclosure assembly shall be identified and marked.
readout module shall not depend on balancing motors,
slidewires, potentiometers, or similar devices. The use of
S7.1.10 Continuous Scanning Monitoring (IC/S)—The
equipmentdisplayshallidentifythelocationofthetemperature potentiometers shall be limited to test, adjustment, and cali-
bration purposes only.
element when an alarm condition occurs.
S7.2 System Requirements: S7.2.6 Test Feature—A test switch shall be provided for
each monitor and alarm module for testing alarm lights and
S7.2.1 Temperature Monitor Equipment (IC/A)—IC/A tem-
continuity of each temperature sensor and alarm circuits of that
perature monitor equipment shall provide for continuous par-
module. When the switch is operated to the “test” position, the
alleled monitoring of up to 60 temperature sensors. Equipment
channelalarmlightshallindicateanalarmcondition.Failureof
shall be modular, with individual modules having plug-in
the channel alarm light on the module to light shall indicate an
features as specified in S7.1.2.There shall be at least 3 types of
open circuit in the lamp, temperature sensor, or in the associ-
modules:
ated alarm circuit. This test operation shall not change the
(1) Monitor and alarm,
normal state of the alarm relays or external relays.
(2) Readout, and
(3) Power supply module. S7.2.7 Fail Safe Design—The IC/A temperature monitor
equipment shall have an inherent “fail safe” feature. An open
Each monitor and alarm module shall monitor 4 temperature
circuit in the external temperature sensor or its connecting
sensors. Equipment shall be capable of operating, as specified
cabling shall result in an alarm condition.
herein, with each of the 60 temperature alarm set points
adjusted for a different temperature setting.Any alarm may be S7.2.8 Calibration and Setting of Alarm Point—Design of
activated regardless of the state of any other alarm. For the IC/A temperature monitor equipment shall be such as to
purposes of standardization, the factory setting shall be ap- facilitate calibration and adjustment of the individual alarm set
F2362−03 (2019)
points. Self calibration capability shall be an inherent design S7.2.13 Continuous Scanning Monitoring, Indicating, and
feature. Test jacks shall be provided to facilitate direct connec- Alarm Equipment (IC/S)—IC/S temperature monitor equip-
tiontoexternalinstrumentationfortest,calibration,andtrouble mentshallprovideforcontinuousscanningviamicroprocessor
shooting. Calibration, alarm set point adjustment and access to of up to 60 temperature sensors. Equipment shall be modular,
the test jacks shall not require disassembly or changes to the with individual modules having plug-in features. The equip-
electrical wiring connections. ment shall scan at a rate which will allow all channels to be
scanned in5sor less. Alarm set points and temperature input
S7.2.9 Cold Junction Compensation—Cold junction com-
characteristics shall be able to be re-programmed from the
pensation for equipment for thermocouple sensing shall be
front panel. The equipment shall be capable of annunciating
self-contained, automatic, and shall be referenced to 0°C
alarms regardless of number (up to 60) and regardless of
(32°F).
previous alarm history.
S7.2.10 Lead Length Compensation—Equipment for resis-
S7.2.14 Number of Readout Points (IC/A, IC/I and IC/S)—
tance temperature sensing shall provide an input terminal for 3
The number of remote resistance temperature sensors or
wire sensor configuration. A means shall be provided to
remote thermocouple temperature sensors monitored by the
compensate for the resistance of interconnecting wiring be-
equipment shall be specified in the acquisition requirements.
tween sensor and monitor equipment. This compensating
S7.3 Parts Requirements—Electrical parts, mechanical
provision and associated sensor input terminal configuration
parts, processes, and material shall be selected and applied to
shall be arranged that it can be easily by-passed (removable
meet the requirements herein.
jumper, alternate terminals, or similar means) for use with 2
S7.3.1 Batteries—Batteries shall not be used.
wire resistance temperature elements. Equipment for thermo-
S7.3.2 Electrical Indicating Meters—Electrical indicating
couple sensing shall provide for thermocouple lead length
meters shall be high-impact shock resistant, watertight, or
compensation. Accuracy, calibration, and response time shall
hermetically sealed types, in accordance with one of the
be independent of thermocouple extension lead length.
following:
S7.2.11 Size and Weight—Individual modules (alarm or
(1) 11.43 cm (4- ⁄2 in.) 250° nominal scale length.
readout) shall not exceed 15.24 cm (6 in.) in height, 7.62 cm (3
(2) Panel mounted, edgewise type.
in.) in width, and 30.48 cm (12 in.) in depth. Total weight per
S7.3.3 Digital Readout—Digitalmetersutilizedinlieuofan
module shall not exceed 5.44 kg (12 lb). The equipment
electrical indicating meter (analog type readout) shall have a
assembly, containing the required number of alarm modules,
minimum of 4 digits. The meters shall be high-impact shock
the readout module, and power supply module shall not exceed
resistant, and watertight, or hermetically sealed.
50.8 cm (20 in.) in width, and 35.6 cm (14 in.) in depth. The
S7.3.4 Fuses—Fuses shall be selected so that the overload
height and weight, determined by the number of temperatures
blowing characteristics and short circuit interrupting capacity
the equipment is designed to monitor, shall be as specified in
matchestheoverloadprotectionrequirementsoftheequipment
the acquisition requirements. The equipment assembly, con-
and wiring being protected and the short circuit capacity of the
taining the required number of alarm modules to monitor 60
supply circuit.
temperatures, shall not exceed 129.6 cm (51 in.) in height.
S7.3.5 Fuse Mounting—Fuses shall be mounted in panel
Total weight shall not exceed 90.7 kg (200 lb). For a 40 point
mounted, indicating type fuse-holders. Fuse-holders FHL10 in
monitor system, the equipment assembly shall not exceed
accordance with MIL-PRF-19207/1 or FHL11 in accordance
91.44 cm (36 in.) in height, and weight shall not exceed 68 kg
with MIL-PRF-19207/2 are preferred types.
(150 lb).
S7.3.6 Terminal Boards and Mounting—Terminal boards
S7.2.12 Selective Temperature Readout Equipment (IC/I)—
shall be stud type and shall be secured only by bolts (machine
Equipment shall provide for the manual selection of any one of
screws) and shall be capable of ready removal and replace-
several remotely located temperature sensors and converting
ment. They shall be accessible from the front of the enclosure
the signal output of the selected sensor to the signal required
with the front cover plate removed or access door open.
for display on a read-out device, calibrated in °C (°F). The
S7.3.7 Switches—Switches shall be selected so that rated
operation of the readout equipment shall not depend on
currents and voltages (make, break, carry) are not exceeded in
balancing motors, slide-wires, potentiometers, or similar de-
theintendedapplication,aswellasfortheirabilitytowithstand
vices. Use of potentiometers shall be limited to test,
the shipboard environments. Rotary switches are preferred for
adjustment, and calibration purposes only.The equipment shall
power circuit interruption. Readout channel selector switch
facilitate calibration without disassembly or changes to the
shall be a “push to turn” type so that momentary contact is not
electrical wiring connections. Test jacks shall be provided to
made with intermediate channels while turning the switch.
permit direct connection to test and calibration instruments.An
inherent “fail safe” feature shall be incorporated which will
S8. Performance Requirements
result in an off-scale (high or low) reading to signal a failure in
the manual selector, associated readout circuits, or an open or
S8.1 Calibration and Accuracy—Temperature monitoring
short in the external temperature sensor.
equipment, selective temperature readout equipment, and con-
S7.2.12.1 Size and Weight—Selective temperature readout tinuous scanning temperature monitoring equipment shall
equipment assembly shall not exceed 30.48 cm (12 in.) in comply with the calibration and accuracy requirements speci-
width, 30.48 cm (12 in.) in height, and 35.6 cm (14 in.) in fied below. Equipment performance requirements specified
depth. The total weight shall not exceed 18.14 kg (40 lb). herein are specified on the basis of simulating the signal output
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of the appropriate temperature sensors and applying this signal (3) Indicator reads required temperature when test and
to the input terminals (temperature sensor terminal points) of select (or indicate as applicable) switches are operated. Read-
out accuracy shall be in accordance with S8.1.2.
the equipment.
(4) Alarm indication activated with temperature sensor
S8.1.1 Accuracy of Alarm Set Point—Temperature monitor-
terminals open or short circuited, except instruments for
ing equipment (IC/A, IC/I, and IC/S) shall permit the setting of
thermocouple sensors need not detect a short.
the alarm point at any value over the designated temperature
S8.4.2 Selective Temperature Readout Equipment—When
span.Theerrorbandofthealarmlevelsettingshallbeone-half
the equipment is operated under nominal conditions simulating
the error band of the temperature readout on any full scale
shipboard service (see S11.3), equipment operation shall com-
range.
ply with the following:
S8.1.2 Accuracy of Readout—The readout error of the
(1) Accuracy of readout (see S8.1.2).
equipment shall not exceed 62 % of the readout range for any
(2) Selector switch operates in accordance with S8.4.1(3).
readoutrangesetting.Thetemperatureindicatedonthereadout
(3) Indicator scale is driven to either extreme low or high
device shall be within 62 % of the temperature equivalent to
with temperature sensor terminals open or short circuited.
the simulated temperature sensor output in ohms or millivolts,
S8.4.3 Power Supply Requirements—Equipment shall oper-
as applicable.
ate normally from type I power as defined in MIL-STD-1399,
S8.2 Ambient Temperature Error—The change in tempera-
Section 300. Nominal power input voltage and frequency shall
ture reading (temperature error) of the equipment due to any
be115V,60Hertz(Hz),singlephase.Powerlinetransientsand
changing ambient temperature from 4.5 to 65°C (40 to 149°F)
spikes with magnitudes, duration, repetition rates, and decay
shall not exceed 0.18 (0.1) % of full scale per °C (°F) change
characteristics as specified in MIL-STD-1399, Section 300
in ambient temperature.
shall not cause equipment damage or affect equipment opera-
S8.3 Response Time:
tion. The maximum difference in indicator reading and alarm
S8.3.1 Alarm Circuits (IC/A and IC/I)—The alarm shall be setting level at any voltage and frequency condition and
nominal (115 V, 60 Hz) with the same input, shall not exceed
actuatedwithin0.1swhenastepsignalchangeof1.5 %offull
⁄2 of 1 % of full scale on all ranges.
scaleisappliedwhenthemonitoringsystemsarereading1.4 %
of full scale below the alarm setting for any alarm setting from S8.5 Warm-up Time—Transducer output shall attain a value
5 to 100 % of full scale. within 61 % of the steady-state output with no overshoot in
excess of 1 %. Output shall reach this band in 30 min or less
S8.3.2 Alarm Circuits (IC/S)—The alarm shall be actuated
and shall remain in this band (see S11.4).
on the first scan cycle after the alarm condition appears at the
S8.6 Inclination—Maximum deviation of indication result-
input of the equipment. Alarms shall be programmable to
ing from inclination shall not exceed 1.0 % (see S11.5).
actuate either above a set condition or below a set condition.
S8.7 Enclosure—There shall be no evidence of water leak-
S8.3.3 Temperature Readout—Equipment shall display the
age into the equipment enclosure (see S11.6).
steady state temperature reading 62.0 % in less than 3 s when
S8.8 Insulation Resistance—The insulation resistance shall
a step signal equivalent to 80 % (from 10 to 90 %) of full
be not less than 10 megohms between power input lines and
temperature span is applied to the temperature sensor input
ground (hull).
terminals of the temperature monitoring equipment console.
S8.9 Shock—The temperature monitoring equipment shall
S8.3.4 Compensation for RTE—Equipment shall provide
show no evidence of mechanical or electrical damage or
for 3 wire temperature sensor inputs. Means shall be provided
loosening of parts, when exposed to shock in accordance with
to compensate for the resistance of interconnecting wiring
MIL-S-901.
between temperature sensor and the indicator equipment.
S8.9.1 Temperature Monitor and Readout Equipment (IC/A,
Compensating provision and associated sensor input terminal
IC/I, and IC/S)—Operating controls shall not change status
configurationshallbesoarrangedthatitcanbeeasilybypassed
during shock. There shall be no transfer of switch or relay
(removable jumper, alternate terminals, or similar means) for
contacts or change in selector switch position during shock.
use with 2 wire uncompensated resistance temperature sensors.
After shock, without any adjustments, the equipment shall
S8.3.5 Compensation for TCE—Cold junction compensa-
meet the following requirements:
tion shall be self-contained, automatic, and shall be reference
(1) Alarm set point accuracy as specified in S8.1.1 (as
to 0°C (32°F).
applicable).
S8.4 Operation:
(2) Indicator accuracy in accordance with S8.1.2.
S8.4.1 Temperature Monitor Equipment—When the equip- (3) Operation shall be in accordance with S8.4.
ment is operated under nominal conditions simulating ship-
S8.10 Vibration—Temperature indicating and monitoring
board service (see S11.3), equipment operation shall comply
equipment shall operate in accordance with the requirements
with the following:
herein when exposed to type I environmental vibration of
(1) Individualvisualalarmindicatorslightwhenassociated MIL-STD-167-1. Equipment range and accuracy requirements
test switch is operated (applicable to IC/A and IC/S equip-
shallbedemonstratedduringandaftercompletionofvibration.
ment). Equipment shall show no evidence of mechanical or electrical
(2) Test, reset, and audible alarm cut out switches operate damage or loosening of parts. Operating controls and relays
as required. shall not change status during vibration. There shall be no
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momentary or permanent transfer of switch or relay contacts or shall be any value between 20 and 30σ, but the resistance for
change in selector switch position during vibration. each lead shall be equal to each other within 0.1 Ω.
S8.11 Temperature—Equipment shall operate in accordance
S11.2 Response Time:
with S8.4 when exposed to ambient temperature conditions
S11.2.1 Alarm Circuits—Compliance with S8.3.1 shall be
from 0 to 65°C (32 to 149°F). The equipment shall not be
demonstrated by testing at 10, 20, 50, 90, and 100 % of the full
damaged in a non-operating condition when exposed to ambi-
alarm setting range.
ent temperatures of –40 to 70°C (–40 to 158°F).
S11.2.2 Temperature Readout—Astep input signal, equal to
80 % of the temperature span (from 10 to 90 % of the span) for
S9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
each temperature range setting shall be applied to the tempera-
S9.1 Cleaning and Surface Finishes—Surfaces of castings,
ture sensor input terminals. Indicator reading shall be as
forgings, molded parts, stampings, machined and welded parts
specified in S8.3.3.
shall be free of defects such as cracks, porosity, undercuts,
S11.3 Operation (Monitor and Readout Equipment)—
voids and gaps as well as sand, dirt, fins, sharp edges, scale,
Equipment shall be energized with nominal voltage and fre-
flux, and other harmful or extraneous materials. External
quency (115 V, 60 Hz) and allowed to stabilize for at least 30
surfaces shall be smooth and edges shall be either rounded or
min. Input signals, simulating temperature sensor outputs
beveled. There shall be no burn-through. There shall be no
equivalent to approximately mid-range of the temperature
warpage or dimensional change due to heat from welding
span, shall be connected to all equipment input terminals.
operation. There shall be no damage to adjacent parts resulting
Equipment controls shall then be actuated in turn to verify
from welding.
compliance with S8.4.1 and S8.4.2. Indicator readings shall be
noted and recorded. The supply voltage and frequency shall
S10. Number of Tests and Retests
then be adjusted to the lower limit of permissible variation (see
S10.1 The number of tests and retests, if any, shall be
S8.4). Equipment shall be stabilized at this input power for at
specified in the acquisition requirements.
least 15 min and indicator reading shall be noted and recorded.
Supply voltage and frequency shall then be adjusted to the
S11. Test Methods
higher limit, stabilized for at least 15 min, and the indicator
reading noted and recorded. Temperature sensor inputs during
S11.1 Calibration and Accuracy—Monitor and readout
equipment calibration and
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