ASTM D806-19

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
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Designation: D806 − 11 D806 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Cement Content of Hardened Soil-Cement Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination by chemical analysis of cement content of hardened soil-cement mixtures.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.3.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated value(s) with the specific limits, the measured or calculated value(s)
shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specific limits.
1.3.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in the standard are regarded as industry
standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for the engineering design.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard precautions, see Section 67.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
D2901 Test Method for Cement Content of Freshly Mixed Soil-Cement
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction
Materials Testing
D5982 Test Method for Determining Cement Content of Fresh Soil-Cement (Heat of Neutralization Method)
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization With
Admixtures.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2012January 2020. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D806–00(2006).D806–11. DOI: 10.1520/D0806-11.10.1520/D0806-19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D806 − 19
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in this standard relating to soil, refer to Terminology D653
3.1.2 Refer to Terminology D653C125 for definitions of common technical terms relating to soil.concrete.
3.1.3 Refer to TerminologiesTerminology C125 and C219 for definitions of common technical terms relating to cement.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Samples of the raw soil, cement and soil-cement mixtures are obtained and analyzed. Hydrochloric acid is added to each
sample and the resulting precipitate discarded. The remaining filtrate is made slightly ammonaical and the hydroxides are allowed
to settle out. The precipitate is washed with ammonium nitrate and the hydroxides are dissolved with hydrochloric acid. The
solution is again made slightly ammonaical, the precipitate washed with ammonium nitrate and hydroxide precipitate discarded.
Ammonium hydroxide is added to the filtrate, the solution is heated and ammonium oxalate is added. The calcium oxalate is filtered
off, washed into a beaker, diluted and sulfuric acid then added. This is then titrated with a standard potassium permanganate
solution. The cement content is then computed by means of equations given in Section 10.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method determines cement content in mixtures of cement with soil or aggregate by chemical analysis. It was
developed primarily for testing samples for which a significant degree of cement hydration or hardening has taken place. Test
Methods D2901 or D5982 may be used for determining cement content of freshly mixed soil-cement mixtures.
5.2 This test method is based on determination by chemical analysis of the calcium oxide (CaO) content of the sample. The
method may not be applicable to soil-cement materials containing soils or aggregates which yield significant amounts of dissolved
calcium oxide (CaO) under the conditions of the test.
NOTE 1—The agency performing this test method can be evaluated in accordance with Practice quality of D3740. Not withstanding statements on
precision and bias contained in this test method: the precision of this test method the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence
of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally
considered capable of competent and objective testing. testing and sampling. Users of this test method standard are cautioned thatthe compliance with
Practice D3740 does not,not in itself, ensureitself assure reliable testing.results. Reliable testing dependsresults depend on many factors;factors: Practice
D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of these factors.
NOTE 2—Analysis using X-ray fluorescence in accordance with C114 may also be used for determination of calcium oxide (CaO) content of hardened
soil-cement.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Analytical Balance—An analytical balance conforming to the requirements of Class GP2 in Specification D4753 and with
Class S weights.
6.2 Filter Paper—Filter Qualitative filter paper including Whatman No. 1, 11 and 15 cm in diameter; Whatman No. 41, 15 cm
in diameter; and Whatman No. 2, 11 or 15 cm in diameter.
6.3 Fifty-Millilitre-Pipet.
6.4 Drying Oven—Thermostatically controlled, preferably of the forced-air type, meeting the requirements of Specification Test
Method E145D2216 and capable of maintaining a uniform temperature of 110 6 5°C throughout the drying chamber.
6.5 Miscellaneous Apparatus—Supplementary equipment, such as electric ovens, hot plates, a small riffle, a No. 40- (425
μm-)425 μm (No. 40) sieve with bottom pan and cover, a cast iron mortar and pestle, and a ball mill if possible.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Potassium Permanganate, Standard Solution (0.1 N)—Prepare a 0.1 N KMnO solution and standardize against primary
standard grade oxalic acid, sodium oxalate or iron (II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrate.
NOTE 3—The use of a standard 0.1 N KMnO solution is not necessary when the samples are titrated in accordance with 8.99.9 and the results are
calculated in accordance with 9.210.2. However, the actual reagent concentration must be determined by titration against primary standard grade oxalic
acid, sodium oxalate or iron (II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrate.
“Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications,” American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see “Reagent Chemicals and Standards,” by Joseph Rosin, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United States Pharmacopeia.”
D806 − 19
7.3 Ammonium Nitrate Solution—Dissolve 20 g of NH NO in 1L of distilled water.
4 3
7.4 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 3)—Add 200 mL of HCl (sp gr 1.19) to 600 mL of distilled water.
7.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 1)—Add 25 mL of HCl (sp gr 1.19) to 25 mL of distilled water.
7.6 Nitric Acid—See Note 34.
7.7 Ammonium Oxalate Solution (5 %) —50 g of ammonium oxalate. (Warning —In addition to other precautions, this is done
by adding the acid, slowly while stirring, to the water to avoid a sudden temperature rise that could cause boiling and spattering
of the acid solution.)
7.8 Ammonium Hydroxide, NH OH (sp gr 0.90).
7.9 Sulfuric Acid (1 + 1)—Add 500 mL H SO (sp gr 1.84) to 500 mL of distilled water.
2 4
8. Samples
8.1 Samples of the following shall be selected for the test:
8.1.1 Raw Soil, representative of the soil phase of the soil-cement mixture.
8.1.2 Cement, representative of the cement phase of the soil-cement mixture, and
8.1.3 Soil-cement Mixture to be analyzed.
8.2 The gross laboratory sample of each component shall be approximately 200 g. This may be obtained by reducing the sample
in bulk and, if necessary, in particle size through the use of drying, riffling and grinding processes.
9. Procedure
9.1 Dry 25 g of each of the samples in an oven to constant mass at 110 6 5°C (230 6 9°F) to remove free water. Reduce the
samples to pass a No. 40- (425 μm-)425 μm (No. 40) sieve.
9.2 Using an analytical balance, prepare the following amounts for each of the samples: raw soil, 5 g; soil-cement mixture, 5
g; and cement, 1 g. Place each of the weighed samples in a 250-mL beaker. Add 50 mL of HCl (1 + 1) (Note 34) to each sample,
cover, and boil gently for 5 min on the hot plate.
NOTE 4—In the case of the cement sample, it is usually preferable first to add 25 mL of wa
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