ASTM D452/D452M-19(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D452/D452M −19 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Sieve Analysis of Surfacing for Asphalt Roofing Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D452/D452M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle 4.1 This test method is used to determine the grading of
size distribution of surfacing material, other than mineral
materials used as surfacing. The results are used to determine
granules, such as sand, mica, talc, or other powdered or flaky
compliance of the particle size distribution with applicable
mineral particles, used on both sides of “smooth” roll roofing
specification requirements.
and on the reverse side of asphalt shingles and mineral-
surfaced roll roofing.
5. Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
5.1 Sieves—Aset of the sieves listed in Table 1, conforming
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
to Specification E11. For routine testing, the group of sieves
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
actually used shall include only those appropriate for the
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
material being graded. Coarser or finer sieves, on which less
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
than 0.05 mass % of the specimen would be found after
with the standard.
sieving, need not be included in the group.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 1—For relatively coarse or flaky materials, such as coarse mica,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sieves from 1.18 mm to 212 µm (Nos. 16 to 70) inclusive, will usually be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- found suitable. For finer surfacing materials, such as fine mica or talc
flour, sieves from 600 to 75 µm (Nos. 30 to 200) inclusive, will usually
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
give a satisfactory sieve analysis.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.2 Sieve Shaker—A mechanically operated sieve shaker,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- which produces a uniform rotary motion and tapping action
with140to160tapsperminute.Thesieveshakershallbefitted
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- with a hard maple plug to receive the impact of the tapping
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical device. The plug shall be one of the following: a hard maple
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. plug; a #9 black rubber plug; or a #22 cork plug as chosen by
theuser.Plugdimensionsare:topdiameter44 61mm,bottom
2. Referenced Documents
diameter 37 6 1 mm, and length of 38 6 6 mm. See Note 2.
The entire apparatus shall be rigidly mounted by bolting to a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test solid foundation, preferably concrete.
Sieves
NOTE 2—Supporting data on the equivalency of the plug materials is
given in Appendix X1.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.3 Sample Splitter—The riffle sample splitter is an open
3.1 A weighed sample of surfacing material is separated
V-shaped box in which a series of chutes is mounted at right
through a series of sieves of progressively smaller openings for
angles to the long axis to give a series of rectangular slots of
the determination with particle size distribution.
equal area alternatively feeding two trays placed on either side
ofthetrough.Thesampleispouredintothechuteandsplitinto
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
equal portions by the slots, until, after repeated cycles, a
andWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.02onSteep
sample of the desired size is obtained.Ariffle sampler with 9.5
Roofing Products and Assemblies.
3 1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally or 12.7 mm [ ⁄8 or ⁄2 in.] divisions shall be used for reducing
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D452/D452M – 19.
the sample to the specimen required for sieve analysis.
DOI: 10.1520/D0452_D0452M-19R22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 Oven, capable of maintaining 105 °C [221 °F].
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on NOTE 3—Supporting data on the equivalency of the plug materials is
the ASTM website. given in Appendix X1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D452/D452M − 19 (2022)
TABLE 1 Report Form
7.2.1 Ifneeded,itisacceptabletocombinetwoormoresplit
Retained on Sieve Passing Sieve Percent samples to achieve the target sample weight; however, the
1.70 mm (No. 12) . . . entire split samples must be used when combining. Do not
A
1.18 mm (No. 16) 1.70 mm (No. 12) .
adjust a sample size by pouring, scooping, or pinching material
850 µm (No. 20) 1.18 mm (No. 16) .
to or from the sample to achieve the target weight.Also, do not
600 µm (No. 30) 850 µm (No. 20) .
425 µm (No. 40) 600 µm (No. 30) . discard any of the initial sample material until an accurate split
300 µm (No. 50) 425 µm (No. 40) .
has been completed.
212 µm (No. 70) 300 µm (No. 50) .
150 µm (No. 100) 212 µm (No. 70) .
8. Procedure
75 µm (No. 200) 150 µm (No. 100) .
75 µm (No. 200) .
8.1 Assemble the group of sieves selected from Table 1 in
Total .
order, with the sieve having the largest opening at the top and
A
Designates U.S. standard sieve.
the one having the smallest opening at the bottom.Add a solid
collectingpanbelowthebottomsieve.Drythetestspecimenin
an oven at about 105 °C [221 °F] for 2 h. Remove from the
oven, cool in a desiccator, and then weigh to within 60.1 g.
5.5 Balance—A laboratory balance sensitive to 0.1 g.
Place the specimen in the topmost sieve and complete the
assembly by placing a solid cover over the top sieve. Securely
6. Sampling
fasten the sieve assembly in the mechanical sieve-shaking
6.1 Each shipment of surfacing of a single type shall be
device (see 5.2).
considered a unit for sampling. If a shipment contains more
than one type, the entire quantity of each type in the vehicle 8.2 Pass the specimen through the assembled group of
sieves by subjecting it to the action of the sieve shaker for a
shall be considered a unit for sampling.
period of 20 6 1 min. At the end of this period, remove the
6.2 Take the sample of surfacing shipped in bulk from the
solid collecting pan containing the portion of the material
chute or conveyor while the vehicle is being loaded or
passing th
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