ASTM B427-09(2015)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
Standard Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes requirements for gear bronze alloy castings with Copper Alloy No. C90800, C91700, C90700, C91600, and C92900. The castings may be furnished as one of three types: static chill, centrifugal chill, or sand cast. The alloys shall be subject to tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Brinell hardness tests. The Brinell readings shall be taken on the grip end of the tension test bar as described in the specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 establishes requirements for alloys whose copper alloy numbers and nominal compositions are shown in Table 1. The castings may be furnished as one of three types: static chill, centrifugal chill, or sand cast.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
General Information
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Designation:B427 −09 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 Terminology
2 3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for alloys
3.1.3 Sampling
whose copper alloy numbers and nominal compositions are
3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests
shown in Table 1. The castings may be furnished as one of
3.1.5 Specimen Preparation
three types: static chill, centrifugal chill, or sand cast.
3.1.6 Certification
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.7 Test Reports
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
referenced in 3.1, above, appears in this specification, it
and are not considered standard.
contains additional requirements which supplement those ap-
pearing in Specification B846.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Terminology
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for
4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
Continuous Castings
B824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper
5. Ordering Information
Alloy Castings
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
5.1 Include the following information when placing orders
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product
for product under this specification:
Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
5.1.1 Quantity of castings required,
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. (Table 1),
terials
5.1.3 Specification title, number, and year of issue,
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and casting type (Section
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
1),
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
5.1.5 Repair of castings (Section 9),
5.1.6 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Speci-
3. General Requirements
fication B824),
5.1.7 Foundry test report, if specified in the purchase order
3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitute
a part of this specification. (Specification B824), and
5.1.8 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order
(Specification B824).
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
5.2 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on
Castings and Ingots for Remelting. Government, the Supplementary Requirements of Specifica-
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
tion B824 may be specified.
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B427 – 09. DOI:
10.1520/B0427-09R15.
2 6. Chemical Composition
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple
expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition
6.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements as to
of a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate
chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table 2 for
composition variations of the base alloy.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or the alloy specified.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presence
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of other elements. Limits may be established by agreement
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B427−09 (2015)
TABLE 1 Nominal Composition
10.2 Test bar castings representing castings produced in
Composition, % chill molds of metal or graphite may be cast in open keel-block
Copper Previously
Alloy Used
Phos- molds of the same material as the molds used for the castings.
Copper Tin Nickel Lead
UNS No. Designation
phorus
10.3 Separate centrifugally cast test bars shall be made in
C90800 A 87.8 12.0 . 0 0.2
accordance with Practice B208.
C91700 B 86.3 12.0 1.5 0 0.2
C90700 . 87.8 11.0 . 0 0.2
10.4 At the manufacturer’s option test bar specimens may
C91600 C 88.0 10.3 1.5 0 0.2
be removed from centrifugal castings instead of separate
C92900 D 83.5 10.0 3.5 2.8 0.2
centrifugally cast test coupons (10.3).
11. Number of Tests
between manufacturer or supplier and purchaser for these
11.1 OneBrinellhardnessreadingshallbemadeforeachlot
unnamed elements. Copper may be given as remainder and
of castings.
may be taken as the difference between the sum of all elements
analyzed and 100 %. When all the named elements in Table 2
12. Test Methods
are analyzed, their sum shall be as specified in Table 3.
12.1 Brinell readings shall be taken on the grip end of the
7. Mechanical Property Requirements tension test bar, at or within 1 in. (25.4 mm) of the casting
outside diameter, or as indicated on the purchaser’s drawing
7.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from sepa-
and shall be made in accordance with Test Method E10.
rately cast test bar castings and shall meet the requirements
shown in Table 4.
13. Certification
13.1 In the case of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B427 − 09 B427 − 09 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for alloys whose copper alloy numbers and nominal compositions are shown
in Table 1. The castings may be furnished as one of three types: static chill, centrifugal chill, or sand cast.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. SIThe values given in parentheses are for
information purposes only.mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered
standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous
Castings
B824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitute a part of this specification.
3.1.1 Terminology
3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture
3.1.3 Sampling
3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests
3.1.5 Specimen Preparation
3.1.6 Certification
3.1.7 Test Reports
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that referenced in 3.1, above, appears in this specification, it contains
additional requirements which supplement those appearing in Specification B846.
4. Terminology
4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following information when placing orders for product under this specification:
5.1.1 Quantity of castings required,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castings
and Ingots for Remelting.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009May 1, 2015. Published November 2009June 2015. Originally approved in 1965. Discontinued June 2002 and reinstated as
B427 – 02.Last previous edition approved in 20022009 as B427 – 02.B427 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/B0427-09.10.1520/B0427-09R15.
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of a
prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate composition variations of the base alloy.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B427 − 09 (2015)
TABLE 1 Nominal Composition
Composition, %
Copper Previously
Alloy Used
Phos-
Copper Tin Nickel Lead
UNS No. Designation
phorus
C90800 A 87.8 12.0 . 0 0.2
C91700 B 86.3 12.0 1.5 0 0.2
C90700 . 87.8 11.0 . 0 0.2
C91600 C 88.0 10.3 1.5 0 0.2
C92900 D 83.5 10.0 3.5 2.8 0.2
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. (Table 1),
5.1.3 Specification title, number, and year of issue,
5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and casting type (Section 1),
5.1.5 Repair of castings (Section 9),
5.1.6 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824),
5.1.7 Foundry test report, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824), and
5.1.8 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824).
5.2 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government, the Supplementary Requirements of Specification B824
may be specified.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table 2 for the alloy
specified.
6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits may be established by agreement between
manufacturer or supplier and purchaser for these unnamed elements. Copper may be given as remainder and may be taken as the
difference between the sum of all elements analyzed and 100 %. When all the named elements in Table 2 are analyzed, their sum
shall be as specified in Table 3.
7. Mechanical Property Requirements
7.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from separately cast test bar castings and shall meet the requirements shown in
Table 4.
8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
8.1 Variations in dimensions and weights shall be as agreed upon between the producer and the consumer but shall not be more
than 3 % in the as-cast condition.
8.2 The manufacturer shall not be responsible for the dimensional accuracy of patterns or molds furnished by the purchaser.
9. Casting Repair
9.1 The castings shall not be repaired, plugged, welded, or burned-in without the written approval of the purchaser.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition, max % (Unless Shown as a Range or Minimum) Copper Alloy UNS No.
Element
A A A A A
C90800 C91700 C90700 C91600 C92900
B B B B B
Copper 85.0–89.0 84.0–87.0 88.0–90.0 86.0–89.0 82.0–86.0
Tin 11.0–13.0 11.3–12.5 10.0–12.0 9.7–10.8 9.0–11.0
Lead 0.25 0.25 0.50
...
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