ASTM F3541-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3541 − 22
Standard Practice for
Sectional Repair of Existing Gravity Flow, Non-Pressure
Pipelines and Conduits by Pushed or Pulled-In-Place
Installation of Cured-In-Place Thermosetting Resin Pipe
(CIPP)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3541; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice describes the procedures for the sectional
2.1 ASTM Standards:
repairofgravityflow,non-pressurepipelinesandconduits3in.
D543Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to
to 60in. (75mm to 1500 mm) diameter by the installation of a
Chemical Reagents
resin-saturated liner which is placed onto or wrapped around a
D578/D578MSpecification for Glass Fiber Strands
carrier device, pushed or pulled into an existing pipeline or
D790Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
conduit and expanded against the interior of the host pipe or
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
conduit with air pressure. The resin is cured under ambient
als
conditions,byphotoinitiatedreactionorwiththeapplicationof
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
heat. When cured, the finished sectional repair will be tight-
tics
fitting across its installed length. This repair process is used in
D3567PracticeforDeterminingDimensionsof“Fiberglass”
a variety of gravity flow, non-pressure applications such as
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and
sanitary sewers, storm sewers, drains, electrical conduits and
Fittings
ventilation systems.
D5813 Specification for Cured-In-Place Thermosetting
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
Resin Sewer Piping Systems
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
F412Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
F1216Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and
information only and are not considered standard.
Conduits by the Inversion and Curing of a Resin-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Impregnated Tube
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
F2019Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Conduits by the Pulled in Place Installation of Glass
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Reinforced Plastic Cured-in-Place (GRP-CIPP) Using the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
UV-Light Curing Method
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.2 ASCE Standard:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Manual of Practice 145,Design of Close-Fit Liners for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Rehabilitation of Gravity Pipes
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.67 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Trenchless Plastic Pipeline Technology. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. DOI: Available fromAmerican Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801Alexander
10.1520/F3541–22 Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3541 − 22
2.3 ISO Standard: 3.2.11 release agent, n—Anon-reactive,sacrificialchemical
ISO 11296-4, Plastics piping systems for renovation of applied to a surface to prevent bonding.
underground non-pressure drainage and sewerage net-
3.2.12 tight-fitting, adj—conformance of a lining system to
works — Part 4: Lining with cured-in-place pipes
the host pipe interior geometry whereas intimate contact is
2.4 NSF Standard:
realized across the entire perimeter.
NSF/ANSI-14, SE10990 – Rehabilitation by Point Repair
3.2.13 wellpoint system, n—A series of closely spaced,
of Existing Pipe
small diameter, shallow wells connected to a common header
pipe and pumped with a high-efficiency vacuum dewatering
3. Terminology
pump.
3.1 Definitions—Unless otherwise indicated, definitions are
inaccordancewithTerminologyF412,andabbreviationsarein
4. Significance and Use
accordance with Terminology D1600.
4.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations who
3.2.1 binding material, n—Amaterial utilized to secure the are involved in the rehabilitation of gravity flow, non-pressure
resin-saturated liner to the carrier device prior to placement
pipes through the use of a resin-saturated liner installed within
into the pipeline. a section of damaged or leaking existing pipe. As for any
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Examples include, but are not limited
practice, modifications may be required for specific job condi-
to, wire, nylon ties, adhesive tape or elastomeric bands. tions.
3.2.2 carrier device, n—An apparatus utilized to deliver the
5. Materials
resin-saturated liner to a section of host pipe identified for
5.1 Liner—The liner utilized shall consist of one or more
repair by pushing or pulling force.
layers of fiberglass matting, reinforced composite, flexible
3.2.3 catalyst, n—A curing agent, hardener, initiator,
needled felt or an equivalent nonwoven or woven material, or
diluent, admixture, or combination thereof.
a combination thereof. The liner shall be capable of carrying
3.2.4 cured-in-place pipe (CIPP), n—A hollow cylinder
resin, withstanding installation pressures and curing
consisting of a liner cured (cross-linked) with a thermosetting
temperatures, bridging pipe defects, conforming to irregular
resin.The CIPPis installed inside an existing pipe and pressed
shapes and negotiating bends as applicable. The liner shall be
against the pipe interior to form a tight fit.
a manufactured tube or an overlapping flat sheet, with or
3.2.5 delamination, n—Separation of layers of the CIPP.
without a plastic coating, that is compatible with the resin
system used, and fabricated to a size that, when installed, will
3.2.6 design reconciliation, n—A process conducted post-
be tight-fitting across the entire length identified for sectional
construction to determine whether the original design objec-
repair. The liner shall be appropriately sized to extend at least
tives for the installation have been met.
1ft(0.30m)inalldirectionsbeyondthelimitsofthehostpipe
3.2.6.1 Discussion—Design reconciliation is completed to
defect when installed.
assess the net impact of post-construction variations present
5.1.1 Fiberglass Matting—Chemically resistant E-CR fiber-
including fit, finish, wall thickness and mechanical properties
glass meeting Specification D578/D578M or similar material
on the installed product’s ability to conform to design require-
meeting the requirements herein; consisting of single or
ments as established by the owner or engineer.
multiple layers of woven or nonwoven material, with or
3.2.7 dry spot, n—An area of the installed CIPP which is
without chopped strand mat.
deficient or void of resin.
5.1.2 Reinforced Composite—Needled felt, or an equivalent
3.2.8 lift, n—A portion of the CIPP that has cured in a
woven or non-woven material, with E-CR fiberglass meeting
position such that it has pulled away from the existing pipe
Specification D578/D578M or similar reinforcement material
wall.
meeting the requirements herein.
3.2.9 photoinitiated reaction, n—The polymerization of a
5.1.3 Overlapping Flat Sheet—Liners designed as overlap-
resin system initiated by light or other electromagnetic radia-
ping flat sheets having a minimum circumference = π×D ×
i
tion.
1.1,whereD =insidediameterofthehostpipe.Whenmultiple
i
layersoflinerarerequiredtoachievethedesiredthickness,the
3.2.10 protective membrane, n—An impermeable polymer
ends of the liner are tapered as required to obtain a smooth
sleeve or film that is used to prevent resin contact with the
transition to the host pipe by adding additional layers in a
carrier device, resin contamination or washout, when required,
stepwise fashion in accordance with the manufacturer’s guide-
is properly sized for the host pipe diameter, and is designed to
linessuchthateachsubsequentlayerisslightlylongerthanthe
accommodate the application, installation, resin system and
adjacent, underlying layer.
curing process.
5.1.4 Manufactured Tubes—Liners manufactured as tubes
shallbesizedperthemanufacturer’srecommendationsrelative
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
to the host pipe inside diameter to permit radial expansion and
Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
a tight fit against the host pipe during installation and cure.
Switzerland, https://www.iso.org.
5.1.5 Resin—A chemically resistant, thermosetting resin
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
Arbor, MI 48105, http://www.nsf.org. and catalyst system that is cured under ambient conditions, by
F3541 − 22
photoinitiated reaction or with the application of heat and is ally mixed, handled and applied in accordance with manufac-
compatible with the installation process shall be used. Resin turer’s recommendations. The volume of resin used shall be
systemsthatareheatcuredshallhaveaninitiatingtemperature sufficient to fully saturate the liner material and shall be
less than 180°F (82°C). adjusted by adding excess resin to account for the change in
resin volume due to polymerization, to allow for migration of
5.2 CIPP System:
resin into the cracks and joints in the original pipe, and to
5.2.1 Mechanical Properties—The CIPP system shall have
account for any resin loss expected during the liner insertion
as a minimum the initial mechanical properties given in Table
process. For each CIPP installation, wet out data shall be
1. These mechanical properties shall be determined in accor-
recorded and retained by the user for quality assurance and
dance with Section 7.
record keeping purposes, and submitted to the purchaser as
required.
6. Installation
6.1 Cleaning and Pre-Inspection: 6.3 Bypassing—If bypassing of the flow is required around
6.1.1 Prior to entering access areas, such as manholes and
the sections of pipe designated for reconstruction, the bypass
cleanouts,andperforminginspectionorcleaningoperations,an shall be made by capturing flow from all contributing points
evaluationoftheatmospheretodeterminethepresenceoftoxic
upstream of the pipe to be reconstructed and discharging the
or flammable vapors or lack of oxygen shall be undertaken in flow to a downstream point or adjacent system. The bypass
accordance with local, state, or federal safety regulations.
pumping and piping system shall be of adequate capacity and
6.1.2 Cleaning of Pipeline—To the extent practical, all sizetohandletheflow.Priortocleaningandpre-inspectionand
internal debris shall be removed from the original pipeline during installation, all upstream contributing flows impacting
using hydraulically powered equipment, high-velocity jet therepairareashallbeisolatedandbypassedaroundtherepair
cleaners, or mechanically powered equipment. area. Bypassing shall be coordinated between all parties
6.1.3 Inspection of Pipelines—Inspection of pipelines shall involved.
be performed by experienced personnel trained in locating
6.3.1 Public advisory services shall be required to notify all
breaks, obstacles, and service connections by closed circuit
partieswhoseservicelateralswillbeoutofcommissionandto
television (CCTV) or worker-entry techniques. The interior of
advise against water usage until the pipeline is back in service.
the pipeline shall be carefully inspected to determine the
6.4 Liner Insertion:
location of any conditions that will prevent proper installation
6.4.1 The carrier device shall be able to navigate the host
of the resin-saturated liner. The manufacturer shall provide
pipe alignment and geometry to the point of installation
guidance as needed to determine whether existing conditions
without compromise to the host pipe, installation process or
will prohibit a successful installation or if additional measures
finished quality of the CIPP; shall be designed to expand with
are necessary in advance of lining. This includes addressing
air pressure to press the resin-saturated liner tightly against the
pointsofinfiltrationthatwillcauseresinwashoutoradversely
interior of the host pipe for the duration of cure; shall be
impact the cure and finished quality of the CIPP sectional
compatible with the curing process; and, when required, shall
repair. Corrective actions include, but are not limited to,
have flow-thru capabilities for flow control.
injecting chemical grout, dewatering using a wellpoint system,
or utilizing a protective membrane as defined in 3.2.10 and 6.4.2 When required, a protective membrane shall be se-
curedtothecarrierdeviceandacompatiblereleaseagentshall
described in 6.4.4.
6.1.4 Line Obstructions—The original pipeline shall be be liberally applied to its entire surface area as required.
clear of obstructions that will hinder or prevent the installation
6.4.3 The resin-saturated liner shall be centered and rolled
of the resin-saturated liner. If inspection reveals an obstruction
tightly against the carrier device and secured with binding
that cannot be removed by convention
...