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ASTM

ASTM D1144-99

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds

Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the strength development of adhesive bonds when tested on a standard specimen under specified conditions of preparation and testing. It is applicable to adhesives in liquid or paste form that require curing at specified conditions of time and temperature or specific substrate preparation. It is intended primarily to be used with metal-to-metal adherends; however, plastics, woods, glass, or combinations of these may be substituted.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-1999
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.10 - Working Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D1144-99(2005) - Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4896-01(2016) - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999

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ASTM D1144-99 - Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive BondsASTM D1144-99 - Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds
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ASTM D1144-99 - Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1144–99
Standard Practice for
Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.3 handling strength—a low level of strength initially
obtained by an adhesive that allows specimens to be handled,
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the strength
moved, or unclamped without causing disruption of the curing
development of adhesive bonds when tested on a standard
process or affecting bond strength.
specimen under specifed conditions of preparation and testing.
It is applicable to adhesives in liquid or paste form that require
4. Significance and Use
curing at specified conditions of time and temperature or
4.1 This practice contains suggested provisions for report-
specific substrate preparation. It is intended primarily to be
ing strength values. Any ASTM test method for determining
used with metal-to-metal adherends; however, plastics, woods,
strength properties of adhesive bonds may be used. This
glass, or combinations of these may be substituted.
practice is not intended to determine the pot or working life of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
two-component epoxy of similar type adhesives. Refer to Test
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
Method D 1338. It should be noted that there are adhesives
information purposes only.
whose testing requires special techniques and whose properties
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
are difficult to reproduce from tester to tester. These variables
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
should be kept in mind when analyzing the data obtained using
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
this practice.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Test Specimens
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 It is suggested that lap-type shear specimens in accor-
dance with Test Method D 1002, be used. Other types of test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specimens may be used with agreement between the manufac-
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
turer and the purchaser.
D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
6.1 Prepare test specimens in accordance with Test Method
D 1338 Test Method for Working Life of Liquid or Paste
D 1002, or other applicable test method. Prepare the bonding
Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
surface by a method mutually agreed upon between the
manufacturer and the purchaser. Vapor phase degreasing, grit
3. Terminology
blasting,handabrasion,ortestingonoiledsurfacesaresomeof
3.1 Definitions—Severaltermsinthispracticearedefinedin
the methods that are available. If a surface activator or
accordance with Terminology D 907.
accelerator is used, apply it in accordance with the instructions
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
of the manufacturer. Use one- or two- surface activation as
3.2.1 activator, or accelerator (surface)—an adhesive cur-
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
ing agent that is applied to a bonding surface for the purpose of
Allow assembled specimens to cure at the temperature and
affecting or speeding, or both, the cure of an adhesive.
period of time prescribed by the manufacturer to develop full
3.2.2 fixture time (set time)—the shortest time required by
strength. This is intended to determine if any post curing of the
an adhesive to develop handling strength such that test speci-
adhesive occurs that would cause a strength increase and
mens can be removed from fixtures, unclamped, or handled
decrease. Bond strength variability could be caused by em-
without stressing the bond, thereby affecting bond strength.
brittlement or a further hardening of the adhesive during the
cure cycle.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-14 onAdhesives
6.2 In addition, prepare assemblies for curing at the same
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties.
temperature and time intervals to determine fixture time and
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
20, 50, and 80 % strength. If the adhesive is cured by heat, heat
published as D 1144 – 51. Last previous edition D 1144 – 94.
the specimen
...

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This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen using a tension testing machine. The bent, unbonded ends of the test specimen shall be clamped in the test grips of the tension testing machine and a load of a constant head speed shall be applied. An autographic recording of the load versus the head movement or load versus distance peeled shall be made. The peel resistance over a specified length of the bond line after the initial peak shall be determined.
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1.1 This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen.  
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This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends. The adhesive shall be in liquid form and free of solvent in order to avoid bubble formation in the adhesive layer. Each component shall be completely reactive. The adhesive may be heat-, catalyst-, or radiation-cured. Voltatility, color, viscosity, foreign particle content, refractive index, stability, light transmission, glass doublet preparation, environmental test, and bond strength tests shall be performed in accordance with the specified requirements.
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