F11.23 - Filtration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of vacuum cleaner bag filter media, because it is a direct indicator of the resistance to air flow. It may also indicate the size of vacuum cleaner bag needed to achieve the desired air flow volume.  
4.2 Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been set up on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of materials where permeability is of interest.  
4.3 Since air permeability is not a linear function of pressure differential between paper surfaces, all tests should be made at a prescribed pressure differential, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of water.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters. The filtration efficiency of the paper is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:    
Procedure  
Sections  
Air Permeability (Test Method D737)  
3 – 5  
Basis Weight (TAPPI Test Method T 410)  
6 – 8  
Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (TAPPI Test Method T 403)  
9 – 11  
Internal Tearing Resistance (TAPPI Test Method T 414)  
12 – 14  
Tensile Breaking Strength (TAPPI Test Method T 494)  
15 – 17  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners. Only residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications (applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69) are covered by this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines industry acceptable test methods and approaches for evaluating residential and commercial vacuum cleaner filtration systems to HEPA filtration performance levels.  
1.2 This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners.  
1.3 This specification applies only to residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications. Non-critical applications refers to applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.  
3.2 This test method provides the maximum amount of test media that the primary dirt receptacle will hold and may be more than the volume obtained when filled to the manufacturer's recommended fill line.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.2 and 8.5.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method describes a procedure to determine the maximum functional dry volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional wet volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.3 The following tests are included:    
Section  
Installation and Removal  
3  
Workmanship  
4  
Durability  
5  
Seams and Joints  
6  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is well known that modern electrical appliances, incorporating electric motors that use carbon brushes for commutation, may emit aerosolized, particles into the surrounding environment. This test method determines the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, taking those emissions into consideration.  
5.2 For all vacuum cleaner systems tested, the total emissions of the unit, whatever the source(s), will be counted at each of the six particle size levels identified in the test procedure. This test method determines the initial, fractional filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, with or without the motor emissions mathematically removed in the calculation of efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.  
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilize a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.  
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at six discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, and >3 μm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.  
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested either at the floor nozzle, the end of the hose (handle), or at the vacuum cleaner inlet (for handheld products) at the normal airflow rate.  
1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies.  
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.  
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. If using one counter, flow control is required to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.  
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer data acquisition is recommended.  
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.  
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.  
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.  
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.  
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, μm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.  
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
4.2 To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.  
4.3 Due to the large range of generated particle counts observed among products in the vacuum cleaner industry at the present time, the test results of the maximum particle counts generated under this test method are expressed in Log10 equivalents for evaluation and comparison of product performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.  
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners. Only residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications (applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69) are covered by this specification.
Included in this specification are requirements for sampling and testing. Two test options are available for determining whether or not the filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner achieves HEPA performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines industry acceptable test methods and approaches for evaluating residential and commercial vacuum cleaner filtration systems to HEPA filtration performance levels.  
1.2 This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners.  
1.3 This specification applies only to residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications. Non-critical applications refers to applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of vacuum cleaner bag filter media, because it is a direct indicator of the resistance to air flow. It may also indicate the size of vacuum cleaner bag needed to achieve the desired air flow volume.  
4.2 Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been set up on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of materials where permeability is of interest.  
4.3 Since air permeability is not a linear function of pressure differential between paper surfaces, all tests should be made at a prescribed pressure differential, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of water.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters. The filtration efficiency of the paper is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:    
Procedure  
Sections  
Air Permeability (Test Method D737)  
3 – 5  
Basis Weight (TAPPI Test Method T 410)  
6 – 8  
Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (TAPPI Test Method T 403)  
9 – 11  
Internal Tearing Resistance (TAPPI Test Method T 414)  
12 – 14  
Tensile Breaking Strength (TAPPI Test Method T 494)  
15 – 17  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.  
3.2 This test method provides the maximum amount of test media that the primary dirt receptacle will hold and may be more than the volume obtained when filled to the manufacturer's recommended fill line.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.2 and 8.5.    
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is well known that modern electrical appliances, incorporating electric motors that use carbon brushes for commutation, may emit aerosolized, particles into the surrounding environment. This test method determines the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, taking those emissions into consideration.  
5.2 For all vacuum cleaner systems tested, the total emissions of the unit, whatever the source(s), will be counted at each of the six particle size levels identified in the test procedure. This test method determines the initial, fractional filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, with or without the motor emissions mathematically removed in the calculation of efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.  
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilize a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.  
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at six discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, and >3 μm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.  
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle with the normal airflow rate produced by restricting the inlet to the nozzle adapter with the 11/4-in. orifice.  
1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies. The filters are not changed between test runs on the same cleaner.  
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.  
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. If using one counter, flow control is required to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.  
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer automation is recommended.  
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.  
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.  
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.  
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.  
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, μm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.  
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method describes a procedure to determine the maximum functional dry volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.3 The following tests are included:    
Section  
Installation and Removal  
3  
Workmanship  
4  
Durability  
5  
Seams and Joints  
6  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional wet volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
4.2 To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.  
4.3 Due to the large range of generated particle counts observed among products in the vacuum cleaner industry at the present time, the test results of the maximum particle counts generated under this test method are expressed in Log10 equivalents for evaluation and comparison of product performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.  
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners. Only residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications (applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69) are covered by this specification.
Included in this specification are requirements for sampling and testing. Two test options are available for determining whether or not the filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner achieves HEPA performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines industry acceptable test methods and approaches for evaluating residential and commercial vacuum cleaner filtration systems to HEPA filtration performance levels.  
1.2 This specification defines the minimum filtration efficiency requirements for achieving HEPA performance for filtration systems of residential and commercial vacuum cleaners.  
1.3 This specification applies only to residential and commercial vacuum cleaning products that are used in non-critical applications. Non-critical applications refers to applications not requiring the removal of hazardous dust as defined per IEC 60335-2-69.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
4.2 To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.  
4.3 Due to the large range of generated particle counts observed among products in the vacuum cleaner industry at the present time, the test results of the maximum particle counts generated under this test method are expressed in Log10 equivalents for evaluation and comparison of product performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.  
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.  
4.2 To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.  
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of vacuum cleaner bag filter media, because it is a direct indicator of the resistance to air flow. It may also indicate the size of vacuum cleaner bag needed to achieve the desired air flow volume.  
4.2 Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been set up on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of materials where permeability is of interest.  
4.3 Since air permeability is not a linear function of pressure differential between paper surfaces, all tests should be made at a prescribed pressure differential, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of water.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters. The filtration efficiency of the paper is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:    
Procedure  
Sections  
Air Permeability (Test Method D737)  
3-5  
Basis Weight (TAPPI Test Method T 410)  
6-8  
Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (TAPPI Test Method T 403)  
9-11  
Internal Tearing Resistance (TAPPI Test Method T 414)  
12-14  
Tensile Breaking Strength (TAPPI Test Method T 494)  
15-17
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.
This test method provides the maximum amount of test media that the primary dirt receptacle will hold and may be more than the volume obtained when filled to the manufacturer's recommended fill line.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.2 and 8.5.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes a procedure to determine the maximum functional dry volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of vacuum cleaner bag filter media, because it is a direct indicator of the resistance to air flow. It may also indicate the size of vacuum cleaner bag needed to achieve the desired air flow volume.
Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been set up on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of materials where permeability is of interest.
Since air permeability is not a linear function of pressure differential between paper surfaces, all tests should be made at a prescribed pressure differential, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of water.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters. The filtration efficiency of the paper is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:ProcedureSectionsAir Permeability (Test Method D 737)3-5Basis Weight (Test Method D 646)6-8Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (Test Method D 774)9-11Internal Tearing Resistance (Test Method D 689)12-14Tensile Breaking Strength (Test Method D 828)15-17
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional wet volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.
1.3 The following tests are included:
   Section  Installation and Removal3  Workmanship4  Durability5  Seams and Joints6
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is well known that modern electrical appliances, incorporating electric motors that use carbon brushes for commutation, may emit aerosolized, particles into the surrounding environment. This test method determines the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, taking those emissions into consideration.
For all vacuum cleaner systems tested, the total emissions of the unit, whatever the source(s), will be counted at each of the six particle size levels identified in the test procedure. This test method determines the initial, fractional filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, with or without the motor emissions mathematically removed in the calculation of efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilize a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at six discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, and >3 μm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle with the normal airflow rate produced by restricting the inlet to the nozzle adapter with the 1¼ -in. orifice.
1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies. The filters are not changed between test runs on the same cleaner.
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. If using one counter, flow control is required to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer automation is recommended.
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, μm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
In this test method, the amount of particulate generated into the air by operating a vacuum cleaner over a specific floor covering that is contaminated with dust will be determined. Particles from the motor, floor covering, and the test dust will all be measured. The amount of dust generated in the laboratory practice will differ from that in residential/commercial installations because of variations in floor coverings, soil and other solid particulate compositions, the vacuuming process used by individual operators, the air exchange rate of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and other factors.
To provide a uniform basis for measuring the performance in 4.1, a standardized test chamber, equipment, floor covering material, and dust particulate are used in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a laboratory test for the measurement of particulate generated as a direct result of the vacuuming process.
1.2 This test method is applicable to all residential/commercial uprights, canisters, stickvacs, central vacuum systems, and combination cleaners.
1.3 This test method applies to test dust removal from floor coverings not the removal of surface litter and debris.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only
1.5 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes a procedure to determine the maximum functional dry volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional wet volume that the utility vac is capable of collecting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers a procedure to determine the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.
This test method provides the maximum amount of test media that the primary dirt receptacle will hold and may be more than the volume obtained when filled to the manufacturer’recommended fill line.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see and .

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Air permeability is an important factor in the performance of vacuum cleaner bag filter media, because it is a direct indicator of the resistance to air flow. It may also indicate the size of vacuum cleaner bag needed to achieve the desired air flow volume.
Performance specifications, both industrial and military, have been set up on the basis of air permeability and are used in the purchase of materials where permeability is of interest.
Since air permeability is not a linear function of pressure differential between paper surfaces, all tests should be made at a prescribed pressure differential, 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of water.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters. The filtration efficiency of the paper is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:ProcedureSectionsAir Permeability (Test Method D 737)3-5Basis Weight (Test Method D 646)6-8Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (Test Method D 774)9-11Internal Tearing Resistance (Test Method D 689)12-14Tensile Breaking Strength (Test Method D 828)15-17
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are useful for routine control, design of end-use products, and acceptance testing for conformance to specifications. Good workmanship, seams, and joints that remain strong over a wide range of atmospheric conditions and have the ability to withstand repeated cycles are necessary for satisfactory end use to the consumer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions. The filtering capability of the disposable bag is not evaluated with the use of these test methods.
1.3 The following tests are included:Section Installation and Removal Workmanship Durability Seams and Joints
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.2 and 8.5.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions.  
1.3 The following tests are included:  Section Installation and Removal 3 Workmanship 4 Durability 5 Seams and Joints 6
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is well known that modern electrical appliances, incorporating electric motors that use carbon brushes for commutation, may emit aerosolized, particles into the surrounding environment. This test method determines the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, taking those emissions into consideration.
For all vacuum cleaner systems tested, the total emissions of the unit, whatever the source(s), will be counted at each of the six particle size levels identified in the test procedure. This test method determines the initial, fractional filtration efficiency of a vacuum cleaner system, with or without the motor emissions mathematically removed in the calculation of efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilitze a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at four discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 µm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle under a normal airflow rate equivalent to 150% of the airflow rate produced at the maximum air power point as determined in accordance with Test Method F 558.1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies.
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. Both require flow control means to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer automation is recommended.
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, µm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the initial, fractional, filtration efficiency of household and commercial canister (tank-type), stick, hand-held, upright, and utility vacuum cleaner systems.
1.1.1 Water-filtration vacuum cleaners which do not utilitze a replaceable dry media filter located between the water-based filter and cleaning air exhaust are not included in this test method. It has been determined that the exhaust of these vacuum cleaners is not compatible with the specified discrete particle counter (DPC) procedure.
1.2 The initial, fractional, filtration efficiencies of the entire vacuum cleaner system, at four discrete particle sizes (0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 µm), is derived by counting upstream challenge particles and the constituent of downstream particles while the vacuum cleaner system is being operated in a stationary test condition.
1.3 The vacuum cleaner system is tested at the nozzle under a normal airflow rate equivalent to 150% of the airflow rate produced at the maximum air power point as determined in accordance with Test Method F 558.1.4 The vacuum cleaner system is tested with a new filter(s) installed, and with no preliminary dust loading. The fractional efficiencies determined by this test method shall be considered initial system filtration efficiencies.
1.5 Neutralized potassium chloride (KCl) is used as the challenge media in this test method.
1.6 One or two particle counters may be used to satisfy the requirements of this test method. Both require flow control means to switch between sampling the upstream and downstream air sampling probes.
1.7 To efficiently utilize this test method, automated test equipment and computer automation is recommended.
1.8 Different sampling parameters, flow rates, and so forth, for the specific applications of the equipment and test procedure may provide equivalent results. It is beyond the scope of this test method to define those various possibilities.
1.9 This test method is limited to the test apparatus, or its equivalent, as described in this document.
1.10 This test method is not intended or designed to provide any measure of the health effects or medical aspects of vacuum cleaning.
1.11 This test method is not intended or designed to determine the integrity of HEPA filtration assemblies used in vacuum cleaner systems employed in nuclear and defense facilities.
1.12 The inch-pound system of units is used in this test method, except for the common usage of the micrometer, µm, for the description of particle size which is a SI unit.
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to household types of upright, canister, and combination vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 This test method provides a measurement in dry quarts or litres of the maximum functional volume of the primary dirt receptacle when installed in the vacuum cleaner.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see Notes 1 and 2.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed for qualifying papers to be used in the manufacture of vacuum cleaner bags and filters.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:  Procedure Sections Air Permeability (D 737) 3 to 5 Basis Weight (D 646) 6 to 8 Bursting Strength (Mullen Test) (D 774) 9 to 11 Internal Tearing Resistance (D 689) 12 to 14 Tensile Breaking Strength (D 828) 15 to 17
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the integrity of the primary disposable bag used for vacuum cleaners.  
1.2 The intent of these test methods is to verify that the design of the primary disposable bag will perform satisfactorily for the consumer in a wide range of normal use conditions.  
1.3 The following tests are included:  Section Installation and Removal 3 Workmanship 4 Durability 5 Seams and Joints 6
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to any vacuum cleaner that is classified as a utility vac.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.