C15.05 - Masonry Assemblies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new masonry walls. However, implementation of this guide will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed at the end of this specification, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new masonry walls.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of cement-based adhered masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of cement-based adhered masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M or C1877. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) publication Installation Guide and Detailing Options for Compliance with ASTM C1780 for Adhered Manufactured Stone Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing for manufactured stone veneer.
Note 2: This standard was developed for the installation of cement-based adhered veneer units manufactured from wet-cast concrete or dry-cast concrete. Refer to Guide C1242 for installation of adhered natural stone veneer.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed in Appendix X1 in this standard, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 History:  
4.1.1 For many years, brick liners have been used with an excellent record of performance. For the most part, however, the design and construction of brick liners has been based on past industry practice due to the lack of available information and knowledge of the physical properties of the brick and mortar, the thermal and seismic behavior of brick liners, and many related characteristics that were not properly or accurately defined.  
4.1.2 The use of scrubbers, which lower gas temperatures and introduce highly corrosive condensates into the flue gas system, requires many new design considerations. The effect that scrubbers have on brick liners is an ongoing area of study, since a number of liners have experienced growth- and deflection-related problems which may be attributable, at least in part, to nonuniform temperature and moisture conditions within the liners.  
4.2 Purpose—The recommendations contained herein represent current industry practices and serve to define the pertinent considerations that should be followed in the design and construction of brick chimney liners.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the design, construction, and serviceability of brick liners for industrial chimneys. The structural design criteria are applicable to vertical masonry cantilever structures supported only at their base, either by a foundation, a concrete pedestal, or by some means from the outer concrete shell. Excluded from direct consideration are single-wythe, sectional brick linings that are supported on a series of corbels cast in the outer chimney shell.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to provide technical information for designers, architects, and installers of CFT units in residential and light commercial construction. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for floor tile units manufactured from other materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation of concrete floor tile (CFT) units for application as exterior and interior flooring. Units described by this practice shall be manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1731. This practice is limited to the installation of CFT units.  
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to performance in service.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Structural design of panels shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of the applicable local building code and the requirements specified. A quality control test shall be made in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, field erection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of cement-based adhered masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of cement-based adhered masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M or C1877. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) publication Installation Guide and Detailing Options for Compliance with ASTM C1780 for Adhered Manufactured Stone Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing for manufactured stone veneer.
Note 2: This standard was developed for the installation of cement-based adhered veneer units manufactured from wet-cast concrete or dry-cast concrete. Refer to Guide C1242 for installation of adhered natural stone veneer.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of cement-based adhered masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of cement-based adhered masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M or C1877. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) publication Installation Guide and Detailing Options for Compliance with ASTM C1780 for Adhered Manufactured Stone Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing for manufactured stone veneer.
Note 2: This standard was developed for the installation of cement-based adhered veneer units manufactured from wet-cast concrete or dry-cast concrete. Refer to Guide C1242 for installation of adhered natural stone veneer.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of cement-based adhered masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670/C1670M. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new masonry walls. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed at the end of this specification, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new masonry walls.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed in Appendix X1 in this standard, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to provide technical information for designers, architects, and installers of CFT units in residential and light commercial construction. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for floor tile units manufactured from other materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation of concrete floor tile (CFT) units for application as exterior and interior flooring. Units described by this practice shall be manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1731. This practice is limited to the installation of CFT units.  
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to performance in service.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed in Appendix X1 in this standard, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to provide technical information for designers, architects, and installers of CFT units in residential and light commercial construction. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for floor tile units manufactured from other materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation of concrete floor tile (CFT) units for application as exterior and interior flooring. Units described by this practice shall be manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1731. This practice is limited to the installation of CFT units.  
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to performance in service.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed in Appendix X1 in this standard, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.
Note 1: The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.  
4.2 This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed in Appendix X1 in this standard, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new unit pavement systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to provide accepted procedures to designers and installers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer in residential and commercial construction. This information is meant to complement the specific installation instructions provided by manufacturers of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneers and recognized building codes, but is not meant to replace them. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for all materials in the building envelope. This practice covers the installation of adhered manufactured stone masonry veneer (AMSMV) units for application as adhered veneer to exterior and interior walls, columns, landscape structures and other structures suitable to receive adhered veneer. The units included in this practice are manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1670. This practice is limited to the installation of AMSMV units. This practice does not cover all flashing or moisture management requirements. Refer to the applicable building code and project documents for additional flashing and moisture management requirements.Note 1—The Masonry Veneer Manufacturers Association (MVMA) publication Installation Guide for Adhered Concrete Masonry Veneer provides generally accepted methods and details for installation and flashing.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 All workmanship and materials related to the installation of AMSMV units shall meet the requirements of the contract documents and building code having jurisdiction over the project.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 History:  
4.1.1 For many years, brick liners have been used with an excellent record of performance. For the most part, however, the design and construction of brick liners has been based on past industry practice due to the lack of available information and knowledge of the physical properties of the brick and mortar, the thermal and seismic behavior of brick liners, and many related characteristics that were not properly or accurately defined.  
4.1.2 The use of scrubbers, which lower gas temperatures and introduce highly corrosive condensates into the flue gas system, requires many new design considerations. The effect that scrubbers have on brick liners is an ongoing area of study, since a number of liners have experienced growth- and deflection-related problems which may be attributable, at least in part, to nonuniform temperature and moisture conditions within the liners.  
4.2 Purpose—The recommendations contained herein represent current industry practices and serve to define the pertinent considerations that should be followed in the design and construction of brick chimney liners.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the design, construction, and serviceability of brick liners for industrial chimneys. The structural design criteria are applicable to vertical masonry cantilever structures supported only at their base, either by a foundation, a concrete pedestal, or by some means from the outer concrete shell. Excluded from direct consideration are single-wythe, sectional brick linings that are supported on a series of corbels cast in the outer chimney shell.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new masonry walls. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.
This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C270, the additional material listed at the end of this specification, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new masonry walls.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Structural design of panels shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of the applicable local building code and the requirements specified. A quality control test shall be made in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, field erection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Structural design of panels shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of the applicable local building code and the requirements specified. A quality control test shall be made in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, field erection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
History:  
4.1.1 For many years, brick liners have been used with an excellent record of performance. For the most part, however, the design and construction of brick liners has been based on past industry practice due to the lack of available information and knowledge of the physical properties of the brick and mortar, the thermal and seismic behavior of brick liners, and many related characteristics that were not properly or accurately defined.
4.1.2 The use of scrubbers, which lower gas temperatures and introduce highly corrosive condensates into the flue gas system, requires many new design considerations. The effect that scrubbers have on brick liners is an ongoing area of study, since a number of liners have experienced growth- and deflection-related problems which may be attributable, at least in part, to nonuniform temperature and moisture conditions within the liners.
Purpose—The recommendations contained herein represent current industry practices and serve to define the pertinent considerations that should be followed in the design and construction of brick chimney liners.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the design, construction, and serviceability of brick liners for industrial chimneys. The structural design criteria are applicable to vertical masonry cantilever structures supported only at their base, either by a foundation, a concrete pedestal, or by some means from the outer concrete shell. Excluded from direct consideration are single-wythe, sectional brick linings that are supported on a series of corbels cast in the outer chimney shell.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide provides information that, if implemented, will reduce efflorescence potential in new masonry walls. However, its implementation will not always completely prevent efflorescence.
This guide may be augmented by related information contained in the appendixes of Specification C 270, the additional material listed at the end of this specification, and other publications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new masonry walls.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Structural design of panels shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of the applicable local building code and the requirements specified. A quality control test shall be made in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, field erection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the structural design and quality control of fabrication for load-bearing and non-load-bearing prefabricated masonry panels. Methods of prefabrication, field erection, and jointing are not covered in this specification.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for reducing efflorescence potential in new masonry walls.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the design, construction, and serviceability of brick liners for industrial chimneys. The structural design criteria are applicable to vertical masonry cantilever structures supported only at their base, either by a foundation, a concrete pedestal, or by some means from the outer concrete shell. Excluded from direct consideration are single-wythe, sectional brick linings that are supported on a series of corbels cast in the outer chimney shell.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.