E34.80 - Industrial Health

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures. They are intended to (1) protect against clinical disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (2) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and (3) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a description of several actions that should be taken to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures to humans in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for, but not limited to, industries regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). A separate practice designed for the unique conditions of the construction industry has been designated Practice E2625.  
1.2 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to describe heat management program elements that foundries use to prevent or manage heat strain and heat-related illness. Specifically, the guide:  
4.1.1 Provides an objective framework for recognizing heat stress and heat strain, and  
4.1.2 Facilitates use of best practices to manage heat exposures to minimize heat strain and prevent heat-related illness.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish best practices for recognizing and managing occupational heat stress and heat strain in foundry environments.  
1.2 Objectives of the foundry heat stress and heat strain management guide are as follows:  
1.2.1 Provide an objective framework for recognizing heat stress and heat strain, and  
1.2.2 Facilitate use of best practices to manage heat exposures to minimize heat strain and prevent heat-related illness.  
1.3 In this guide, procedures necessary to manage heat stress and heat strain in foundries are described.  
1.4 Key elements of this guide include definitions of heat stress and heat strain, plus techniques for recognizing, communicating, managing, and controlling heat stress and heat strain to prevent heat-related illnesses.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is designed to help identify and integrate affected stakeholder interests and to include relevant scientific and technical information when developing occupational safety and health standards that include or are proposed to include an OEG.  
5.2 This guide shall be used when updating an occupational safety and health standard containing an OEG.  
5.3 While use of the CBSD process is required for occupational safety and health standards that include an OEG, it may also be used to improve stakeholder involvement and technical input for other occupational safety and health standards.  
5.4 The CBSD process is intended:
(1) To obtain representation on the committee or subcommittee from sectors that are substantially impacted by a specific standard project; and
(2) To obtain adequate input when the project requires review and analysis of information that is highly technical, very specialized, or not widely available.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused, consensus-based decision-making process for occupational safety and health standard development activities that include adoption or development of occupational exposure guidelines (OEGs) as a part of occupational health and safety standards.  
1.2 This guide applies to safety and health standard development activities in which an occupational exposure guideline will be included as one element of a comprehensive standard that addresses safety and health management strategies such as communication, monitoring, and controls. It is not meant to be used to develop an OEG apart from the context of such management strategies. In cases where other occupational exposure limit (OEL) establishing bodies have developed OELs, those may be reviewed, assimilated, or adapted rather than recreated ab initio.  
1.3 This guide does not replace existing consensus-based decision-making or committee participation processes that are used to develop safety and health standards. It is intended to be used in conjunction with such processes to improve scientific and technical input and stakeholder involvement in occupational safety and health decision-making for such standards.  
1.4 Limitations—This guide does not prescribe specific methods for generating or evaluating scientific and technical data related to assessing a particular occupational safety and health issue. Occupational safety and health standards apply to a wide variety of substances and occupational exposure circumstances. It is not possible to anticipate all situations where an OEG may be useful for a standard. This guide will be helpful in promoting appropriate balance and input, but the consensus process must deal with real-world complexities that individual standards may involve.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to define work-related injuries and illnesses in a way that can be easily understood and measured across countries. These injuries and illnesses can be used to evaluate, compare, and continually improve management systems and programs related to worker safety and health. Although several levels of severity may be defined, the primary objective is to identify cases with meaningful connection to work and cases with such potential consequence that they have value for prevention purposes. The resultant data and incidence rates should improve global benchmarking consistency.  
4.2 This guide defines recording criteria for Level One cases—cases that have a clear connection to the workplace and consequences that are significant for driving injury and illness prevention and efforts.  
4.3 While not mandated by this guide, recording of Level Two cases is encouraged and will still be mandatory in many jurisdictions. Level Two cases are those cases currently required to be reported by countries, states, and other jurisdictions.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish definitions and criteria for recording occupational injuries and illnesses to be used for measuring safety performance, evaluating safety program performance, and improving consistency when comparing international performance. A measurement system is desired that is precise and accurate, difficult to manipulate, significant and meaningful for safety program evaluation, and appropriate for accountability purposes in a global environment.  
1.2 Objectives of the occupational injury and illness measurement guide are as follows:  
1.2.1 Provide a uniform and objective framework for recording work-related injuries and illnesses,  
1.2.2 Facilitate use of injury and illness rates as a means of evaluating programs designed to control such injuries and illnesses, and  
1.2.3 Establish a basis for meaningful comparison of injury and illness rates across industries and countries.  
1.3 In this guide, definitions and procedures necessary to maintain work-related injury and illness records and incidence rates are covered.  
1.4 Key elements of this guide include work relationship, definition of injuries and illnesses, levels of severity of occupational incidents, accountability for contractor relationships, and specifications for injury and illness rate calculations.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in English (or Imperial) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This standard is not a substitute for any legally required injury and illness recordkeeping obligations.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Integrating ergonomic principles into new occupational systems may help businesses develop processes that do not exceed worker capabilities and limitations.  
5.2 Jobs and tasks that conform to worker capabilities and limitations may be performed more efficiently, safely, and consistently than those that do not.  
5.3 The application of ergonomic principles to the processes involved in occupational systems may help avoid system failures and inefficiencies.  
5.4 The integration of ergonomic principles at the earliest stages of process concept and design may facilitate appropriate design, layout, and allocation of resources and may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
5.5 Designing jobs that fit the capabilities of larger population segments may increase an organization's accessibility to the available labor pool.  
5.6 The integration of ergonomic principles into occupational systems may increase profit by lowering direct and indirect costs associated with preventable losses, injuries, and illnesses.  
5.7 The bibliography contains a list of reference materials that may be useful in particular applications. All appendixes are nonmandatory.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist in the integration of ergonomic principles into the design and planning of new occupational systems from the earliest design stages through implementation. Doing so may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures during construction and demolition activities. They are intended to (1) protect against clinically significant disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (2) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and (3) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes several actions to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for the unique conditions during construction and demolition activities.  
1.2 Health requirements relating to occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica not covered in this practice fall under the jurisdiction of Practice E1132.  
1.3 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is designed to help identify and integrate affected stakeholder interests and to include relevant scientific and technical information when developing occupational safety and health standards that include or are proposed to include an OEG.  
5.2 This guide shall be used when updating an occupational safety and health standard containing an OEG.  
5.3 While use of the CBSD process is required for occupational safety and health standards that include an OEG, it may also be used to improve stakeholder involvement and technical input for other occupational safety and health standards.  
5.4 The CBSD process is intended:
(1) To obtain representation on the committee or subcommittee from sectors that are substantially impacted by a specific standard project; and
(2) To obtain adequate input when the project requires review and analysis of information that is highly technical, very specialized, or not widely available.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused, consensus-based decision-making process for occupational safety and health standard development activities that include adoption or development of occupational exposure guidelines (OEGs) as a part of occupational health and safety standards.  
1.2 This guide applies to safety and health standard development activities in which an occupational exposure guideline will be included as one element of a comprehensive standard that addresses safety and health management strategies such as communication, monitoring, and controls. It is not meant to be used to develop an OEG apart from the context of such management strategies. In cases where other occupational exposure limit (OEL) establishing bodies have developed OELs, those may be reviewed, assimilated, or adapted rather than recreated ab initio.  
1.3 This guide does not replace existing consensus-based decision-making or committee participation processes that are used to develop safety and health standards. It is intended to be used in conjunction with such processes to improve scientific and technical input and stakeholder involvement in occupational safety and health decision-making for such standards.  
1.4 Limitations—This guide does not prescribe specific methods for generating or evaluating scientific and technical data related to assessing a particular occupational safety and health issue. Occupational safety and health standards apply to a wide variety of substances and occupational exposure circumstances. It is not possible to anticipate all situations where an OEG may be useful for a standard. This guide will be helpful in promoting appropriate balance and input, but the consensus process must deal with real-world complexities that individual standards may involve.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures during construction and demolition activities. They are intended to (a) protect against clinically significant disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (b) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and (c) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes several actions to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for the unique conditions during construction and demolition activities.  
1.2 Health requirements relating to occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica not covered in this practice fall under the jurisdiction of Practice E1132.  
1.3 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is designed to help identify and integrate affected stakeholder interests and to include relevant scientific and technical information when developing occupational safety and health standards that include or are proposed to include an OEG.  
4.2 This guide shall be used when updating an occupational safety and health standard containing an OEG.  
4.3 While use of the CBSD process is required for occupational safety and health standards that include an OEG, it may also be used to improve stakeholder involvement and technical input for other occupational safety and health standards.  
4.4 The CBSD process is intended:
(1) to obtain representation on the committee or subcommittee from sectors that are substantially impacted by a specific standard project; and
(2) to obtain adequate input when the project requires review and analysis of information that is highly technical, very specialized or not widely available.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused consensus-based decision-making process for occupational safety and health standard development activities that include adoption or development of occupational exposure guidelines (OEGs) as a part of Occupational Health and Safety standards.  
1.2 This guide applies to safety and health standard development activities in which an occupational exposure guideline will be included as one element of a comprehensive standard that addresses safety and health management strategies such as communication, monitoring and controls. It is not meant to be used to develop an OEG apart from the context of such management strategies. In cases where other occupational exposure limit (OEL) establishing bodies have developed OELs, those may be reviewed, assimilated, or adapted rather than recreated ab initio.  
1.3 This guide does not replace existing consensus-based, decision-making, or committee participation processes that are used to develop safety and health standards. It is intended to be used in conjunction with such processes to improve scientific and technical input and stakeholder involvement in occupational safety and health decision-making for such standards.  
1.4 Limitations—This guide does not prescribe specific methods for generating or evaluating scientific and technical data related to assessing a particular occupational safety and health issue. Occupational safety and health standards apply to a wide variety of substances and occupational exposure circumstances. It is not possible to anticipate all situations where an OEG may be useful for a standard. This guide will be helpful in promoting appropriate balance and input, but the consensus process must deal with real world complexities that individual standards may involve.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to define work-related injuries and illnesses in a way that can be easily understood and measured across countries. These injuries and illnesses can be used to evaluate, compare, and continually improve management systems and programs related to worker safety and health. Although several levels of severity may be defined, the primary objective is to identify cases with meaningful connection to work and cases with such potential consequence that they have value for prevention purposes. The resultant data and incidence rates should improve global benchmarking consistency.  
4.2 This guide defines recording criteria for Level One cases—cases that have a clear connection to the workplace and consequences that are significant for driving injury and illness prevention and efforts.  
4.3 While not mandated by this guide, recording of Level Two cases is encouraged and will still be mandatory in many jurisdictions. Level Two cases are those cases currently required to be reported by countries, states, and other jurisdictions.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to establish definitions and criteria for recording occupational injuries and illnesses to be used for measuring safety performance, evaluating safety program performance, and improving consistency when comparing international performance. A measurement system is desired that is precise and accurate, difficult to manipulate, significant and meaningful for safety program evaluation, and appropriate for accountability purposes in a global environment.  
1.2 Objectives of the occupational injury and illness measurement guide are as follows:  
1.2.1 Provide a uniform and objective framework for recording work related injuries and illnesses,  
1.2.2 Facilitate use of injury and illness rates as a means of evaluating programs designed to control such injuries and illnesses, and  
1.2.3 Establish a basis for meaningful comparison of injury and illness rates across industries and countries.  
1.3 In this guide, definitions and procedures necessary to maintain work-related injury and illness records and incidence rates are covered.  
1.4 Key elements of this guide include work relationship, definition of injuries and illnesses, levels of severity of occupational incidents, accountability for contractor relationships, and specifications for injury and illness rate calculations.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in English (or Imperial) units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This standard is not a substitute for any legally required injury and illness recordkeeping obligations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Integrating ergonomic principles into new occupational systems may help businesses develop processes that do not exceed worker capabilities and limitations.  
4.2 Jobs and tasks that conform to worker capabilities and limitations may be performed more efficiently, safely, and consistently than those that do not.  
4.3 The application of ergonomic principles to the processes involved in occupational systems may help avoid system failures and inefficiencies.  
4.4 The integration of ergonomic principles at the earliest stages of process concept and design may facilitate appropriate design, layout, and allocation of resources and may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
4.5 Designing jobs that fit the capabilities of larger population segments may increase an organization's accessibility to the available labor pool.  
4.6 The integration of ergonomic principles into occupational systems may increase profit by lowering direct and indirect costs associated with preventable losses, injuries, and illnesses.  
4.7 Appendix X1 contains a list of reference materials that may be useful in particular applications. All appendixes are nonmandatory.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist in the integration of ergonomic principles into the design and planning of new occupational systems from the earliest design stages through implementation. Doing so may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures. They are intended to (a) protect against clinical disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (b) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and  (c) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a description of several actions that should be taken to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures to humans in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for, but not limited to, industries regulated by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). A separate practice, designed for the unique conditions of the construction industry has been designated Practice E2625.  
1.2 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. It is the responsibility of the user to consult all material safety data sheets and labels pertaining to any hazardous materials used in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Integrating ergonomic principles into new occupational systems may help businesses develop processes that do not exceed worker capabilities and limitations.  
4.2 Jobs and tasks that conform to worker capabilities and limitations may be performed more efficiently, safely, and consistently than those that do not.  
4.3 The application of ergonomic principles to the processes involved in occupational systems may help avoid system failures and inefficiencies.  
4.4 The integration of ergonomic principles at the earliest stages of process concept and design may facilitate appropriate design, layout, and allocation of resources and may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
4.5 Designing jobs that fit the capabilities of larger population segments may increase an organization's accessibility to the available labor pool.  
4.6 The integration of ergonomic principles into occupational systems may increase profit by lowering direct and indirect costs associated with preventable losses, injuries, and illnesses.  
4.7 The bibliography contains a list of reference materials that may be useful in particular applications. All appendixes are nonmandatory.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist in the integration of ergonomic principles into the design and planning of new occupational systems from the earliest design stages through implementation. Doing so may reduce or eliminate the necessity for later redesign that could have been foreseen.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These practices and criteria were developed for occupational exposures during construction and demolition activities. They are intended to (a) protect against clinically significant disease from exposure to respirable crystalline silica, (b) be measurable by techniques that are valid, reproducible, and readily available, and (c) be attainable with existing technology and protective practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes several actions to reduce the risk of harmful occupational exposures in environments containing respirable crystalline silica. This practice is intended for the unique conditions during construction and demolition activities.
1.2 Health requirements relating to occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica not covered in this practice fall under the jurisdiction of Practice E 1132.
1.3 Nothing in this practice shall be interpreted as requiring any action that violates any statute or requirement of any federal, state, or other regulatory agency.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.