D10.14 - Tape and Labels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side. A hand-operated steel roller shall be used in the manufacture of the pads and a cylindrical mandrel shall be used for flagging test of the pads. A minimum average of determined sheets of paper shall be assembled in the form of a pad. No individual pad shall contain less than a certain number of sheets. The pad of paper and a backing sheet shall be securely fastened together by means of the repositionable, pressure-sensitive adhesive coating. The paper to be used in the manufacture of the pad shall be determined by its basis weight and thickness. In order to determine the sheets' overall performance, the following properties shall be tested: writing quality, sheet removal, multiple sheet lift, fiber pull, initial flagging, and repositionable flagging. The sheets of pad paper shall be clean and free from dirt, foreign matter, holes, tears, wrinkles, and other defects which might affect appearance or serviceability. The sheets shall be uniform with respect to color and formation. Pads shall be square cut with smooth, clean edges.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers reinforced (Type I) and plain (Type II) paper gummed adhesive tapes used for securing and banding paper products and sealing fiberboard boxes. Type I gummed tape may be strippable (Class 1) or nonstrippable (Class 2), while Type II paper-backed gummed tape, whether Grade A (light duty), B (medium duty), or C (heavy duty), is nonstrippable. The tapes shall be manufactured from kraft paper, but the use of recycled pulp in the paper is encouraged as well, and the adhesive used must not have an offensive odor and shall conform to the environmental considerations specified. Type I tapes shall consist of two strips of paper in roll form, while Type II tapes shall consist of one strip of paper in roll form. Upon manufacture, the tape shall be clean and free of folds, sharp creases, tears, cuts, and holes. The tapes shall be examined for visual defects, defects in roll construction, and defects in dimensions. Tests for adhesiveness, tensile strength, and elongation shall be performed as well, and shall conform to the physical properties specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plain and reinforced paper gummed adhesive tapes suitable for securing and banding paper products and closing fiberboard boxes.  
1.2 This specification is intended to replace Fed. Specs. CID A-A-1492, CID A-A-1671, and PPP-T-45 in part.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification:   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth. Flags covered here consist of a single sheet of matte film partially covered by adhesive. A non-adhesive tab or section at one end of the flag serves for easy removal from most surfaces, including paper. The backing shall consist of polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene film, and shall have a transparent matte surface on one side that is writable by pens and pencils. Flags are available in the following types: Type 1, which are of specified width, and have a colored tab at one end; Type 2, which are of the same width as Type 1, and have a printed message on the top side of the flag; Type 3, which twice the width of Type 1, and have a white tab at one end to highlight writing; Type 4, which are half the width of Type 1, and have a colored tab at one end; and Type 5, which are half the width of Type 1, and have an arrow or a message printed on the top side of the flag. Sampled specimens shall conform to physical requirements in terms of minimum and maximum adhesion, dispension force, and thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides a standard means for testing and measuring the performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time. This specification includes standard laboratory test methods to simulate exposure to various conditions and measure associated degradation of required performance characteristics. The data from these methods can be used as acceptance criteria between a supplier and customer. This specification covers the physical properties of the labels, as well as workmanship, finish and appearance, acceptance criteria, testing procedures, reporting of all the steps taken, certification, and preparation for delivery.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides a standard means to test and measure performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide a quantitative measure of the pressure-sensitive tack property of an adhesive.
FIG. 1 Loop Tack Test Fixture 1  
FIG. 2 Loop Tack Test Fixture 2  
FIG. 3 Loop Tack Sample During Test  
5.2 These test methods are designed to measure the tack property of the adhesive mass. The tack of a given adhesive varies depending on the backing (generally, stiffer backings lead to higher values).  
5.3 Theses test methods are suitable for quality control and research purposes.  
5.4 Test Method A (using Tensile Tester) makes use of a specimen strip 7 in. (175 mm) in length. Both the FINAT FTM 9 “Quick Stick” Tack Measurement Test and the TLMI L-IB2 Tensile Tester Loop Tack Test also use a specimen strip of that length.  
5.5 Test Method B (using Loop Tack Tester) makes use of a specimen strip five in. (125 mm) in length. That is the only length specimen strip that fits properly in the loop tack tester.  
5.6 If the adhesive is not already otherwise coated, these test methods incorporate the use of a clear 2 mil (0.05 mm) polyester (PET) film backing for specimen preparation. Use of other backing materials changes performance of the specimen to be tested.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of properties of a pressure-sensitive adhesive. These test methods are applicable to those adhesives that form a bond of measurable strength rapidly upon contact with another surface. Tack force may be measured as the force required to separate the adhesive from the adherend at the interface shortly after they have been brought into contact under a load equal only to the weight of the pressure-sensitive article (for example, tape, label, sticker, etc.) on a 1 in.2 contact area.  
1.2 The following test methods are included:  
1.2.1 Test Method A (using Tensile Tester), and  
1.2.2 Test Method B (using Loop Tack Tester).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard because the industry standard width for pressure-sensitive tape is 1 inch. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure simulates hand and machine unwinding of tape at low rates. The force required for unwinding at low rates is a function of rate. At some rate (expected to be different for each construction type and manufacturer) there occurs an inversion of the response. The rate for this test method does not allow for comparisons of different tapes that will be unwound at high rates.  
5.2 This procedure can be used to indicate satisfaction where a specification for unwind; either maximum, minimum, or mean; is established and when the responses referred to in 5.1 are taken into consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers one procedure for determining the force required to unwind a roll of pressure-sensitive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Satisfactory tape performance at the test temperature implies satisfactory cold-temperature performance at or above the test temperature.  
5.2 This procedure would be applicable for questions of adherence to 100 % kraft fiberboards similar to the standard linerboard surface without substitution but for direct information on any board or surface, the actual surface in question should be substituted.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers one procedure for determining the adherence of pressure-sensitive tapes to a standard linerboard or other similar surface.  
1.2 This test method provides for an attribute response (pass or fail) and does not yield numerical data on a variable or continuous scale.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Conformance to this guide will reduce chances of misunderstanding between suppliers and users of pressure-sensitive tapes.  
4.2 It is recommended that this guide be referenced where widths and lengths of pressure-sensitive tapes are stated, such as in contracts, orders, advertisements, and labeling.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for widths and lengths of pressure-sensitive tape, including tolerances and labeling in the inch-pound and SI systems. It is not intended for tapes used for medical, surgical, or label stock purposes.  
1.2 Units stated in the inch-pound system followed by a calculated unit in the SI system are to be regarded separately as standard and should not be interchangeable with units stated in the SI system. The units stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Thickness is an important property of tapes, and this dimension is important for certain end uses. This test method is useful for quality control and for acceptance testing for conformance to specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of pressure-sensitive tapes at standard conditions.  
1.2 This test method is intended to replace AFERA 40062 and PSTC 33.2  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the cohesive strength of the adhesive on a pressure sensitive article. The time to failure can predict end use properties of pressure sensitive articles such as edge ooze from cold flow; trimming, slitting and die cutting quality; telescoping in tapes; ability to seal packages; and vertical holding power.  
5.2 This test method is suitable for quality control, development and applications testing.  
5.3 If the adhesive is not already coated, the adhesive can be coated on smooth, clear polyester (PET) film backing 0.05 mm [0.002 in.] thick. The recommended dry adhesive thickness is 0.025 mm [0.001 in.].  
5.4 Humidity has a strong effect on time to failure for many pressure sensitive articles. Therefore, humidity should be controlled in accordance with 8.1.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the ability of a pressure sensitive article (for example, tape, label, sticker, etc.) to remain adhered to a stainless steel panel under a constant load applied parallel to the bonding surface of the pressure sensitive article.  
1.2 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this test method will indicate the relative permeability by water of the tape through its smallest dimension (generally normal to the tape's backing).  
5.1.1 The pathway for the water parallel to the adhesive-cup interface is great compared to the tape's thickness and the latter is usually the nearly exclusive source of transmitted water.  
5.1.2 Some tape types allow a relatively free path in a direction normal to the backing or along backing pathways parallel to the adhesive-cup interface, allowing the adhesive to become the principal barrier.  
5.2 If the adhesive does not continue to adhere to the cup flange during the exposure periods, allowing unintended pathways for water to occur, the measurement should be considered as not having been made. Consequently, the tape might be considered as being inappropriate for use on surfaces like the cup flange under moisture conditions approximating those of the test.
Note 1: It may be that the interest is simply in the tape material as a water barrier. In this case how well the tape adheres to the cup flange may be of little consequence and steps to prevent any edge effects are in order. These are referred to in Section 10.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides one procedure for measuring the water penetration rate of 2-in. or wider pressure-sensitive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be equivalent; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pressure-sensitive tapes of film, paper, and cloth types, with applications in packaging, box closure, and sealing. Covered in this specification are five types of tape: waterproof, weather-resistant, polyester-backed tape (Type I), water-resistant polyester-backed tape (Type II), water-resistant polypropylene-backed tape (Type III), water-resistant woven-cloth-backed tape (Type IV), and weather-resistant paper-backed tape. The tape shall be manufactured with film, paper, or cloth backing, coated with a smooth and uniformly distributed layer of pressure-sensitive water-insoluble adhesive. The tape shall be in wound into rolls on cores of paper fiber or plastic and shall be free from defects, with the edges clean, straight, and unbroken. Tests for adhesion, break strength, tear resistance, thickness, water-penetration rate, water solubility, water-vapor transmission rate, and weathering shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers film, paper, and cloth pressure-sensitive tapes used for box closure and sealing.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method will provide information on the relative tendency of tapes to curl, twist, or form into a tube with touching edges. The amount of each is a predictor of the difficulty one might experience in handling strips of tape of any length during their application.  
5.2 There are several causes for variation in the extent or degree of these characteristics and may vary themselves within a production lot of tape. Therefore, it is essential to use an accepted sampling plan (see Section 7) when it is desired to use this test method to compare two types of tape for acceptance sampling purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides one procedure for determining the extent of curling, the degree of twisting, and tendency to form a tube resulting from unwinding of the tape from its roll.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers filament-reinforced, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape for packaging and includes the following types: Type I, Type II, Type III, and Type IV. The tapes covered by this specification are intended for use in closing and reinforcing fiberboard boxes and for bundling items for shipment. The materials used in the construction of the tapes shall be such that they ensure performance of the tape over the prescribed temperature range. The material and manufacture requirements for backing, adhesive, reinforcements, and rolls are specified. The tape shall comply with the physical property requirements such as (1) adhesion before and after aging, (1) adhesion at low temperature, (3) elongation, (4) shear adhesion, (5) break strength, and (6) thickness. Additional physical requirements are specified for Type IV tape. The tape shall meet the prescribed dimension (including the roll width, roll length, and splice overlap), color, and transparency requirements. The sampling method for end-item examination and end-item testing are given. Accelerated aging (heat and humidity), adhesion, break strength and elongation, thickness, and weathering (for Type IV only) tests shall be performed. Environmental considerations such as toxic content are also specified.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 The pressure-sensitive, filament-reinforced tapes covered by this specification are intended for use in closing and reinforcing fiberboard boxes and for bundling items for shipment.  
10.2 Type I is an impact and cut-resistant low-tensile strength tape, usually with polyester fiber reinforcement. It is intended for bundling and similar applications and used where a greater amount of stretch before break provides an improvement in impact resistance over glass filament reinforcement.  
10.3 Types II and III are intended for reinforcement of RSC's and similar fiberboard boxes, and for bundling where a snug bundle must be maintained and other similar applications.  
10.4 Type IV is intended for applications in which weather-resistance high-tensile strength tape is required.  
10.5 See Practice D1974/D1974M for details on applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers filament-reinforced, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers paper-backed pressure sensitive tapes used for light-duty packaging and masking. The paper presents two types of pressure-sensitive tape: type I - crepe paper backed, and type II - flat paper backed. The materials used in the construction of the tape shall be such as to ensure conformance to the requirements specified. The tape shall comply with the physical requirements specified. Specimen preparation shall be as specified in the appropriate test method. Number of tests per unit of product shall be as specified in the appropriate test method. Accelerated aging, adhesion, tensile and elongation, tack, and thickness shall be tested to meet the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers paper-backed pressure-sensitive tapes used for light-duty packaging and masking.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The quality of a tape product is determined by the quality systems of the tape producer, including all processes involved in the engineering and production of the product. It is recommended that appropriate sections of ANSI/ASQC Q94 be included in a producer's quality systems. This practice does not intend to standardize these systems. A producer's reputation, a producer's certification of conformance, or evidence of a producer's quality systems are often sufficient to ensure a purchaser or user of a consistent quality. Acceptance sampling is useful when an objective basis of contract or specification conformance is desired.  
4.2 The intention of this practice is to provide a reasonably simple document which can be used by both the buyer and seller of pressure-sensitive tape to determine if the product offered for sale meets some predetermined specification for the product. This practice offers the procedures for determining the size of the sample to be inspected and the criteria for determining whether the lot (amount of material offered for sale) should be accepted or rejected. This practice draws from and is based on both ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 and ANSI/ASQC Z1.9.  
4.3 Two forms of sampling plans are included: sampling by attributes and sampling by variables. Sampling by attributes is used for end-item examination and both are used where appropriate for end-item testing. Sampling by attributes has the advantage of simplicity while sampling by variables has the advantage of costing less for the equivalent assurance of the correctness of decisions.  
4.3.1 Sampling plans for inspection by attributes (see Table 2), should be used for end-item examination (see 5.3). (A) This table is based on Tables I, II-A, II-B, and II-C of ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 using an inspection level of S-3.
|Co = Use first sample plan below arrow. If sample size equals or exceeds lot or batch size, do 100 % inspection.
|Cu = Use first sample plan above arrow.
Ac = Acceptance number.
Re = Rej...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice contains uniform quality assurance provisions for pressure-sensitive tapes and establishes sampling plans and procedures for acceptance inspection.  
1.2 Limitations:  
1.2.1 This practice only includes procedures for when an upper or a lower specification limit is given. It does not provide for double, both minimum and maximum, specification limits.  
Note 1: When double specification limits are given (applies to variables testing only), use may be made of Table C-3 and Example C-3 of ANSI/ASQC Z1.9.  
1.2.2 The variables sampling plans apply to a single quality characteristic. Having obtained the sample and the responses to the physical property tests, acceptance is determined on one quality characteristic at a time. The process is repeated for each additional characteristic.  
1.2.3 The variables sampling plans require that the response to each quality characteristic is normally distributed either directly or by transformation. If this is not known, the potential user of this practice should seek the counsel of someone with sufficient understanding of statistical techniques to provide that information.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued b...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this test method will indicate the relative permeability by water vapor of the tape through its smallest dimension (generally normal to the tape's backing).  
5.1.1 The pathway for the water vapor parallel to the adhesive-cup interface is great compared to the tape's thickness and the latter is usually the nearly exclusive source of transmitted vapor.  
5.1.2 Some tape types allow a relatively free path in a direction normal to the backing or along backing pathways parallel to the adhesive-cup interface allowing the adhesive to become the principal barrier.  
5.2 If the adhesive does not continue to adhere to the cup flange during the exposure periods allowing unintended pathways for water vapor to occur, the measurement should be considered as not having been made. Consequently, the tape might be considered as being inappropriate for use on surfaces like the cup flange under moisture conditions approximating those of the test.
Note 1: It may be that the interest is simply in the tape material as a water vapor barrier. In this case, how well the tape adheres to the cup flange may be of little consequence, and steps to prevent any edge effects are in order. These are referred to in Section 10.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers one procedure for measuring the water vapor transmission rate of pressure-sensitive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Procedure A measures the ability of a pressure-sensitive tape to adhere to a standard steel panel under constant stress. This may or may not relate to the ability of the tape to adhere to other surfaces.  
4.2 Procedures B, C, and D may be used to determine the shear adhesion of the tapes generally used to close fiberboard boxes in packaging applications.  
4.3 Procedure D measures the shear adhesion of a pressure-sensitive tape to a nonstandard fiberboard, liner board, corrugated board, or other surfaces which is agreed upon for testing. This may be used to compare the shear adhesion of a tape to a particular fiberboard surface or to compare the shear adhesion of a tape to a variety of fiberboard surfaces.  
4.3.1 The surfaces of similar fiberboards may exhibit considerable variation between mills, between batches from one mill, and within batches. Take care in the choice of samples and when comparing results between fiberboard surfaces which may not be exactly the same.  
4.3.2 The precision of tests conducted on nonstandard surfaces may be different than that described in Section 13.  
4.4 Procedures E, F, and G may be used to determine the ability of a filament reinforced tape to hold when placed under constant stress.  
4.5 Procedure H may be used to compare the shear adhesion of tape applied to a standard steel surface and tested at an elevated temperature. The use of an elevated temperature during test tends to reduce the duration of the test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the ability of pressure-sensitive tapes and labels to remain adhered under constant load applied parallel to the surface of the tape and substrate.  
1.1.1 Procedure A measures the shear adhesion when applied to a vertical standard steel panel.  
1.1.2 Procedure B measures the shear adhesion when applied to vertical panel covered with NIST SRM 1810A standard fiberboard.  
1.1.3 Procedure C measures the shear adhesion when applied to a vertical panel covered with a fiberboard as defined by Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN).  
1.1.4 Procedure D measures shear adhesion when applied to a vertical panel covered with a fiberboard agreed upon by the buyer and seller.  
1.1.5 Procedure E measures shear adhesion of filament reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal standard steel panel.  
1.1.6 Procedure F measures shear adhesion of a filament reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal panel covered with NIST SRM 1810A standard fiberboard.  
1.1.7 Procedure G measures the shear adhesion of a filament reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal panel covered with a standard fiberboard defined by CEN.  
1.1.8 Procedure H measures the shear adhesion the same as Procedure A except the test is conducted at an elevated temperature and after a 10-min dwell time at the elevated temperature.  
1.2 These procedures provide a means of assessing the uniformity of the adhesive of a given type of pressure-sensitive tape, usually tapes used for packaging applications. The assessment may be within a roll of tape, between rolls or production lots.  
1.2.1 Variations in the tape backing and adhesive affect the response; therefore, these procedures cannot be used to pinpoint the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.  
1.2.2 This test method is intended to replace AFERA 4012, CEN 1943, and PSTC (see 7.2).  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides information that can be used in material specifications for product design and quality assurance applications. It can be used in comparing different products.  
5.2 The use of this test method must be related to the purpose for which the test is performed. One purpose is for determining the relative strength of the tape in the size in which it is purchased or used. Another purpose is to identify or characterize a particular backing material.  
5.2.1 The test may be performed on the tape as-received, that is, without cutting the material to a specimen width less than the as-received width. Usually tapes wider than 48 mm [2 in.] are not tested due principally to the limitations of equipment. Tapes as narrow as approximately 3 mm [0.125 in.] can be tested.  
5.2.2 The test may be performed on a specimen cut from within the sample material boundaries using a sharp razor cutter, such as that defined in Section 6. This method is usually used for material characterization, determining quality of conformance, and for specification compliance.  
5.3 Stretch characteristics of elongation at break or force to a specified elongation can be related to the tape's intended use or for identifying or characterizing a material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile strength at break (breaking strength) and stretch properties (elongation) for pressure-sensitive tapes and labels. It includes procedures for machine direction and cross direction, for high-strength filament reinforced backings and for high stretch backings. It also includes a procedure for obtaining force (“F” value) in conjunction with a specified elongation. These procedures employ a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)-type testing machine.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; conversions between measurement systems must be conducted carefully.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Abrasion resistance is a desirable and sometimes critical property of printed materials. Abrasion damage can occur during shipment, storage, handling, and end use. The result is a significant decrease in product appearance and legibility of product information. The amount of abrasion damage to a printed substrate is dependent on shipping conditions, possibly temperature and humidity, time, and many other variables. This practice provides a way of comparing abrasion resistance of printed materials under laboratory conditions.  
5.2 This practice also can be used to evaluate the relative abrasion resistance of printed inks, coatings, laminates, and substrates.  
5.3 This practice can be modified to measure the effects of the product (detergent powder, food, beverages, etc.) on abrasion resistance, as may occur in spillage or leakage in transit.  
5.4 This practice can provide a reasonably simple procedure that can be used by both the buyer and the seller of printed materials to determine if the product offered for sale meets some predetermined standard for abrasion or scuff resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of printed materials using the Sutherland Rub Tester, or its equivalent, equipped with full-width rubber pads and using standardized receptors.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to labels, folding cartons, corrugated boxes, inserts, circulars, and other packaging materials having applied graphics on a flat substrate.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are a tool for development and quality assurance use. Given a specific pressure-sensitive label and liner and a requirement in terms of the minimum for maximum peel value expected for this liner removal from the label, the data from the test can be used in conjunction with acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the adherence of the release liner to the adhesive of a pressure-sensitive adhesive label.  
1.2 These test methods provide means of assessing the uniformity of the adhesion to the liner of a given type of pressure-sensitive label. The assessment may be within a sheet or roll between sheets or rolls or between production lots.  
1.3 Variation in the label backing, liner, liner release coating, adhesive, and adhesive coating weight, affect the response. Therefore, these methods cannot be used to pinpoint the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.  
1.4 These test methods may not be appropriate to test labels having either relatively stiff backings or stiff liners, or backings showing high stretch at low forces. These characteristics will result in a high variability of the test response that is not a true indication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The “Mandrel Bend” test is simple and fast. It requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. The prime purpose is to determine whether a hot-melt adhesive meets flexibility requirements. This test is also useful for comparing flexibility of several adhesives. It can be used to design adhesives by comparing the flexibility of various formulations to meet specific end use parameters. The adhesive flexibility can be determined at temperatures other than ambient by conditioning the test apparatus and test specimens at the desired temperature and performing the test under these temperature conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the flexibility of a hot-melt adhesive in sheet form under specific test conditions. This is a working practice. Its results are useful for comparing adhesives, not for absolute characterization of adhesives.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice does not necessarily provide direct simulation of natural weathering exposure.  
4.2 Results from use of this practice shall not be represented as being equivalent to those of any natural weathering test until a satisfactory degree of correlation has been established for the material in question.  
4.3 Variations in results are possible when the operating conditions vary within the accepted limits for the instrument specified in Practices G151 and G152.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes one environment for the exposure of pressure-sensitive tapes to a laboratory accelerated weathering environment.  
1.2 This practice describes sample preparation and the laboratory-accelerated weathering environment to which it shall be exposed. It does not specify the length of time of the exposure nor what tests shall be performed on the material following the exposure.
Note 1: Practice D6551/D6551M describes xenon-arc exposures of tapes.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice describes one method for accelerated weathering of pressure-sensitive tapes used primarily for packaging. It is not intended for evaluation the weathering characteristics of pressure-sensitive tapes used in long-term outdoor exposure conditions (see Practice D5105).  
4.2 This practice does not necessarily provide direct simulation of natural exposure.  
4.3 Results from use of this practice shall not be represented as being equivalent to those of any natural weathering test until a satisfactory degree of correlation has been established for the material in question.  
4.4 Variation in results are possible when operating conditions vary within accepted limits for the instrument specified in Practices G151 and G155.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes one environment for the exposure of pressure-sensitive tape, used primarily for packaging, to a laboratory accelerated weathering environment.  
1.2 This practice describes sample preparation and the accelerated environment to which it shall be exposed. It does not specify the length of time of the exposure nor what tests shall be performed on the material following the exposure.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a tool for quality assurance use. Given a pressure-sensitive label stock and a requirement in terms of the minimum or maximum peel adhesion value expected for this label stock, the data from the test can be used in conjunction with acceptance criteria.  
5.2 This test method can show the relative bond strength of a given label stock to one or more surfaces of varied material and texture as compared to the standard stainless steel panel. Substitution of panels representative of the proposed substrates for the standard stainless steel panel would be acceptable for this procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the peel adhesion of pressure-sensitive label stocks. This test method gives a measure of the adherence to a standard steel substrate or to other surfaces of interest for a pressure-sensitive label stock.  
1.2 This test method provides a means of assessing the uniformity of the adhesion of a given type of pressure-sensitive label stock. The assessment may be within a sheet or roll, between sheets or rolls, or between production lots.  
1.3 Variations in the label stock facestock and adhesive can affect the response; therefore, this test method cannot be used to pinpoint the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.  
1.4 This test method may not be appropriate to test label stocks having either stiff backings or backings showing a high stretch at low forces. These characteristics could result in a high variability of the test response, which is not a true indication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice accelerates the natural aging of pressure-sensitive tapes so that the response to the usual physical property tests changes to the same extent as with an exposure to approximately two years of natural aging when compared with the response to tests before aging.  
5.1.1 Natural aging in this context means a continuous period of aging of tape in a closed fibreboard container (in darkness) in the variable climate of either the warm moist south, the warm dry southwest or the moderate midcontinent, USA.  
5.2 The extent of change for one physical property should be expected to be different than for another property and so would also relate to different natural aging time.  
5.3 An abnormal product lot may cause differences in testing response that throw off the expected time patterns.  
5.4 Appearance of normal tape product will usually change only slightly on two years natural aging. This accelerated exposure usually produces an exaggerated change in appearance which would be seen under natural conditions only in abnormal product.  
5.5 There is no present experience to relate this accelerated exposure to responses of tape in applications where the tape is under a use stress.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides one environment in which to expose finished pressure-sensitive tape material for the purpose of accelerating the aging of it. It is applicable to tape in roll form when the user observes the precautions detailed within the procedure. The practice does not provide for a conclusion within itself, but is for use in conjunction with appearance or physical property tests to follow the accelerated exposure. While this practice was developed using packaging type tapes, its use on other types of tape with similar construction is encouraged. It is not intended for use on electrical grade tapes (see Test Methods D1000).  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a means of qualitative assessments of outdoor weathering effects on pressure-sensitive tapes. The resistance of tapes to outdoor weathering is determined relative to the resistance of a control tape with known stability.  
4.2 If tests described in this practice produce the same type of degradation as found in real-time exposures of the same materials, it is possible to use the results from these short-term tests to determine the quantitative effects of natural weathering.  
4.3 The timing of exposure testing covering both outdoor conventional and outdoor accelerated exposure of this practice, using levels of ultraviolet solar radiation exposure (MJ/m 2) of UV (295 to 385 nm) is an improvement in the timing of exposure testing. Testing specific levels of solar radiant exposure (MJ/m2) may be used to establish relative equivalent exposure, but the use of (MJ/m2 of UV (295 to 385 nm)) is the preferred method.4,5,6  
4.4 The radiant exposure (308 or 616 MJ/m2) suggested in this practice approximates one and two years, respectively, of exposure in the Southwest and Florida. Since all materials “weather” at different rates in different environments, results obtained using this practice should not be represented as equivalent to natural weathering until the degree of quantitative correlation has been established for the material tested in the environment of its use.
Note 1: The ultraviolet content of natural sunshine is time-of-year dependent, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Thus, wintertime testing requires longer exposure periods on the Flesnel-reflector test machines described to achieve equal ultraviolet energy deposition and a quantitative equal level of degradation concomitant with summertime testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers one procedure for the exposure of pressure-sensitive tapes to an accelerated outdoor weathering environment.  
1.2 This practice describes sample preparation and an accelerated outdoor environment to which it shall be exposed. It does not specify what observations or tests are to be performed on the material following exposure.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are tools for quality assurance use. Given specific pressure-sensitive tape and a requirement in terms of the minimum or maximum peel value expected for this tape, the data from the test can be used in conjunction with acceptance criteria.  
5.2 Test Method A, B, C, E, or F can show the relative bond strength of a given tape to one or more surfaces (material and texture) as compared to the standard stainless steel panel. Substitution of representative samples of materials in question for the standard steel panel would suffice to do this.  
5.3 Test Methods A, B, C, E or F cannot be used to compare two pressure-sensitive tapes of the same type but of different manufacture for their ability to adhere to a surface. This is because the measured peel force is not normalized for a fixed area of stress. The area under stress varies with backing stiffness and adhesive rheology (firmness). Two different tapes seldom agree in these properties.  
5.4 Test Method D can show the amount of force required to remove a liner that covers the adhesive side of a tape at a specified peel rate. The force will be different at other peel rates.  
5.5 These test methods may not provide design information as there is usually no direct relationship between peel adhesion and any functional requirement.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the peel adhesion of pressure-sensitive tapes.  
1.1.1 Test Method A gives a measure of the adherence, when peeled at 180° angle, to a standard steel panel or to other surface of interest for a single-coated tape.  
1.1.2 Test Method B gives a measure of the adherence to the backing of a single-coated tape.  
1.1.3 Test Method C gives a measure of the adherence of double-coated tape to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest.  
1.1.4 Test Method D gives a measure of the adherence of the release liner to the adhesive of either single- or double-coated tape.  
1.1.5 Test Method E gives a measure of the adherence of an adhesive transfer tape to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest.  
1.1.6 Test Method F gives a measure of the adherence, when peeled at 90° angle, to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest for a single-coated tape.  
1.2 These test methods provide a means of assessing the uniformity of the adhesion of a given type of pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. The assessment may be within a roll of tape, between rolls, or between production lots.  
1.3 Variations in either the tape backing or the adhesive, or both, affect the response. Therefore, these test methods cannot be used to pinpoint the specific cause(s) of non-uniformity.  
1.4 These test methods may not be appropriate to test tapes having relatively stiff backings, stiff liners, or backings showing high stretch at low forces. These characteristics will result in a high variability for the test response which is not a true indication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.  
1.5 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to show the adhesion of a pressure-sensitive tape to fiberboard when the tape is under a constant stress. Test data from this test method for some types of packaging tape relates to tape performance on fiberboard box closure.  
5.2 Procedure A should be used when comparing tapes to an established requirement. The requirement may be established using either the standard linerboard or another linerboard representing a specific fiberboard.  
5.3 Procedure B should be used to rank tapes as to their ability to adhere to fiberboard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the property of adhesion of pressure-sensitive tape to a fiber-board surface. The user of this test method has the option of choosing the paper surface for the test. The test surface may be the standard linerboard, another linerboard (or paper) of individual interest, or a specific fiberboard.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The rolling-ball tack test is fast, easy to run, and requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. This test is intended primarily for quality control use since it demonstrates good reproducibility within a single laboratory and ability to detect batch-to-batch variations accurately if adhesive film thickness is held constant. Rolling ball tack is not intended as an investigative tool since for most pressure sensitive adhesive applications rolling ball tack results do not correlate well with application tack requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the comparative tack of pressure-sensitive adhesives by a rolling ball and is most appropriate for low-tack adhesives. This test method is only one of several available for the measurement of tack.  
1.1.1 This test method is not recommended for the specification of end use products.  
1.2 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth. Flags covered here consist of a single sheet of matte film partially covered by adhesive. A non-adhesive tab or section at one end of the flag serves for easy removal from most surfaces, including paper. The backing shall consist of polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene film, and shall have a transparent matte surface on one side that is writable by pens and pencils. Flags are available in the following types: Type 1, which are of specified width, and have a colored tab at one end; Type 2, which are of the same width as Type 1, and have a printed message on the top side of the flag; Type 3, which twice the width of Type 1, and have a white tab at one end to highlight writing; Type 4, which are half the width of Type 1, and have a colored tab at one end; and Type 5, which are half the width of Type 1, and have an arrow or a message printed on the top side of the flag. Sampled specimens shall conform to physical requirements in terms of minimum and maximum adhesion, dispension force, and thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side. A hand-operated steel roller shall be used in the manufacture of the pads and a cylindrical mandrel shall be used for flagging test of the pads. A minimum average of determined sheets of paper shall be assembled in the form of a pad. No individual pad shall contain less than a certain number of sheets. The pad of paper and a backing sheet shall be securely fastened together by means of the repositionable, pressure-sensitive adhesive coating. The paper to be used in the manufacture of the pad shall be determined by its basis weight and thickness. In order to determine the sheets' overall performance, the following properties shall be tested: writing quality, sheet removal, multiple sheet lift, fiber pull, initial flagging, and repositionable flagging. The sheets of pad paper shall be clean and free from dirt, foreign matter, holes, tears, wrinkles, and other defects which might affect appearance or serviceability. The sheets shall be uniform with respect to color and formation. Pads shall be square cut with smooth, clean edges.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure simulates hand and machine unwinding of tape at low rates. The force required for unwinding at low rates is a function of rate. At some rate (expected to be different for each construction type and manufacturer) there occurs an inversion of the response. The rate for this test method does not allow for comparisons of different tapes that will be unwound at high rates.  
5.2 This procedure can be used to indicate satisfaction where a specification for unwind; either maximum, minimum, or mean; is established and when the responses referred to in 5.1 are taken into consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers one procedure for determining the force required to unwind a roll of pressure-sensitive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide a quantitative measure of the pressure-sensitive tack property of an adhesive.
FIG. 1 Loop Tack Test Fixture 1  
FIG. 2 Loop Tack Test Fixture 2  
FIG. 3 Loop Tack Sample During Test  
5.2 These test methods are designed to measure the tack property of the adhesive mass. The tack of a given adhesive varies depending on the backing (generally, stiffer backings lead to higher values).  
5.3 Theses test methods are suitable for quality control and research purposes.  
5.4 Test Method A (using Tensile Tester) makes use of a specimen strip 7 in. (175 mm) in length. Both the FINAT FTM 9 “Quick Stick” Tack Measurement Test and the TLMI L-IB2 Tensile Tester Loop Tack Test also use a specimen strip of that length.  
5.5 Test Method B (using Loop Tack Tester) makes use of a specimen strip five in. (125 mm) in length. That is the only length specimen strip that fits properly in the loop tack tester.  
5.6 If the adhesive is not already otherwise coated, these test methods incorporate the use of a clear 2 mil (0.05 mm) polyester (PET) film backing for specimen preparation. Use of other backing materials changes performance of the specimen to be tested.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of properties of a pressure-sensitive adhesive. These test methods are applicable to those adhesives that form a bond of measurable strength rapidly upon contact with another surface. Tack force may be measured as the force required to separate the adhesive from the adherend at the interface shortly after they have been brought into contact under a load equal only to the weight of the pressure-sensitive article (for example, tape, label, sticker, etc.) on a 1 in.2 contact area.  
1.2 The following test methods are included:  
1.2.1 Test Method A (using Tensile Tester), and  
1.2.2 Test Method B (using Loop Tack Tester).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard because the industry standard width for pressure-sensitive tape is 1 inch. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The “Mandrel Bend” test is simple and fast. It requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. The prime purpose is to determine whether a hot-melt adhesive meets flexibility requirements. This test is also useful for comparing flexibility of several adhesives. It can be used to design adhesives by comparing the flexibility of various formulations to meet specific end use parameters. The adhesive flexibility can be determined at temperatures other than ambient by conditioning the test apparatus and test specimens at the desired temperature and performing the test under these temperature conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flexibility of a hot-melt adhesive in sheet form under specific test conditions. This is a working test. Its results are useful for comparing adhesives, not for absolute characterization of adhesives.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure simulates hand and machine unwinding of tape at low rates. The force required for unwinding at low rates is a function of rate. At some rate (expected to be different for each construction type and manufacturer) there occurs an inversion of the response. The rate for this test method does not allow for comparisons of different tapes that will be unwound at high rates.  
5.2 This procedure can be used to indicate satisfaction where a specification for unwind, either maximum or minimum, is established and when the responses referred to in 5.1 are taken into consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers one procedure for determining the force required to unwind a roll of pressure-sensitive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides a standard means for testing and measuring the performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time. This specification includes standard laboratory test methods to simulate exposure to various conditions and measure associated degradation of required performance characteristics. The data from these methods can be used as acceptance criteria between a supplier and customer. This specification covers the physical properties of the labels, as well as workmanship, finish and appearance, acceptance criteria, testing procedures, reporting of all the steps taken, certification, and preparation for delivery.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides a standard means to test and measure performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth. Flags covered here consist of a single sheet of matte film partially covered by adhesive. A non-adhesive tab or section at one end of the flag serves for easy removal from most surfaces, including paper. The backing shall consist of polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene film, and shall have a transparent matte surface on one side that is writable by pens and pencils. Flags are available in the following types: Type 1, which are of specified width, and have a colored tab at one end; Type 2, which are of the same width as Type 1, and have a printed message on the top side of the flag; Type 3, which twice the width of Type 1, and have a white tab at one end to highlight writing; Type 4, which are half the width of Type 1, and have a colored tab at one end; and Type 5, which are half the width of Type 1, and have an arrow or a message printed on the top side of the flag. Sampled specimens shall conform to physical requirements in terms of minimum and maximum adhesion, dispension force, and thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side. A hand-operated steel roller shall be used in the manufacture of the pads and a cylindrical mandrel shall be used for flagging test of the pads. A minimum average of determined sheets of paper shall be assembled in the form of a pad. No individual pad shall contain less than a certain number of sheets. The pad of paper and a backing sheet shall be securely fastened together by means of the repositionable, pressure-sensitive adhesive coating. The paper to be used in the manufacture of the pad shall be determined by its basis weight and thickness. In order to determine the sheets' overall performance, the following properties shall be tested: writing quality, sheet removal, multiple sheet lift, fiber pull, initial flagging, and repositionable flagging. The sheets of pad paper shall be clean and free from dirt, foreign matter, holes, tears, wrinkles, and other defects which might affect appearance or serviceability. The sheets shall be uniform with respect to color and formation. Pads shall be square cut with smooth, clean edges.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to Section 14, Performance Requirements. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to show the adhesion of a pressure-sensitive tape to fiberboard when the tape is under a constant stress. Test data from this test method for some types of packaging tape relates to tape performance on fiberboard box closure.  
5.2 Procedure A should be used when comparing tapes to an established requirement. The requirement may be established using either the standard linerboard or another linerboard representing a specific fiberboard.  
5.3 Procedure B should be used to rank tapes as to their ability to adhere to fiberboard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the property of adhesion of pressure-sensitive tape to a fiber-board surface. The user of this test method has the option of choosing the paper surface for the test. The test surface may be the standard linerboard, another linerboard (or paper) of individual interest, or a specific fiberboard.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers reinforced (Type I) and plain (Type II) paper gummed adhesive tapes used for securing and banding paper products and sealing fiberboard boxes. Type I gummed tape may be strippable (Class 1) or nonstrippable (Class 2), while Type II paper-backed gummed tape, whether Grade A (light duty), B (medium duty), or C (heavy duty), is nonstrippable. The tapes shall be manufactured from kraft paper, but the use of recycled pulp in the paper is encouraged as well, and the adhesive used must not have an offensive odor and shall conform to the environmental considerations specified. Type I tapes shall consist of two strips of paper in roll form, while Type II tapes shall consist of one strip of paper in roll form. Upon manufacture, the tape shall be clean and free of folds, sharp creases, tears, cuts, and holes. The tapes shall be examined for visual defects, defects in roll construction, and defects in dimensions. Tests for adhesiveness, tensile strength, and elongation shall be performed as well, and shall conform to the physical properties specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plain and reinforced paper gummed adhesive tapes suitable for securing and banding paper products and closing fiberboard boxes.  
1.2 This specification is intended to replace Fed. Specs. CID A-A-1492, CID A-A-1671, and PPP-T-45 in part.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification:   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The rolling-ball tack test is fast, easy to run, and requires little investment in equipment and little operator training. This test is intended primarily for quality control use since it demonstrates good reproducibility within a single laboratory and ability to detect batch-to-batch variations accurately if adhesive film thickness is held constant. Rolling ball tack is not intended as an investigative tool since for most pressure sensitive adhesive applications rolling ball tack results do not correlate well with application tack requirements.
FIG. 1 Adhesion Test Apparatus and Specimen Showing Distance of Roll That is Measured
FIG. 2 Incline for Adhesion Test
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the comparative tack of pressure-sensitive adhesives by a rolling ball and is most appropriate for low-tack adhesives. This test method is only one of several available for the measurement of tack.
1.1.1 This test method is not recommended for the specification of end use products.
1.2 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered measurement of the comparative tack of pressure-sensitive adhesives by a rolling ball.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D10 on Packaging, this test method was withdrawn in January 2015 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides a standard means for testing and measuring the performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time. This specification includes standard laboratory test methods to simulate exposure to various conditions and measure associated degradation of required performance characteristics. The data from these methods can be used as acceptance criteria between a supplier and customer. This specification covers the physical properties of the labels, as well as workmanship, finish and appearance, acceptance criteria, testing procedures, reporting of all the steps taken, certification, and preparation for delivery.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides a standard means to test and measure performance characteristics of printed, pressure-sensitive adhesive labels for containers, particularly containers to be used in extreme distribution environments (for example, hazardous materials labels, aerospace, military containers). For the purposes of this specification, an extreme distribution environment is one in which it can be reasonably expected to experience direct exposure to deteriorating chemicals, weather, elevated/cold temperatures, and other environmental and physical elements for an extended period of time.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the cohesive strength of the adhesive on a pressure sensitive article. The time to failure can predict end use properties of pressure sensitive articles such as edge ooze from cold flow; trimming, slitting and die cutting quality; telescoping in tapes; ability to seal packages; and vertical holding power.
This test method is suitable for quality control, development and applications testing.
If the adhesive is not already coated, the adhesive can be coated on smooth, clear polyester (PET) film backing 0.05 mm [0.002 in.] thick. The recommended dry adhesive thickness is 0.025 mm [0.001 in.].
Humidity has a strong effect on time to failure for many pressure sensitive articles. Therefore, humidity should be controlled in accordance with 8.1.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the ability of a pressure sensitive article (for example, tape, label, sticker, etc.) to remain adhered to a stainless steel panel under a constant load applied parallel to the bonding surface of the pressure sensitive article.
1.2 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers filament-reinforced, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape for packaging and includes the following types: Type I, Type II, Type III, and Type IV. The tapes covered by this specification are intended for use in closing and reinforcing fiberboard boxes and for bundling items for shipment. The materials used in the construction of the tapes shall be such that they ensure performance of the tape over the prescribed temperature range. The material and manufacture requirements for backing, adhesive, reinforcements, and rolls are specified. The tape shall comply with the physical property requirements such as (1) adhesion before and after aging, (1) adhesion at low temperature, (3) elongation, (4) shear adhesion, (5) break strength, and (6) thickness. Additional physical requirements are specified for Type IV tape. The tape shall meet the prescribed dimension (including the roll width, roll length, and splice overlap), color, and transparency requirements. The sampling method for end-item examination and end-item testing are given. Accelerated aging (heat and humidity), adhesion, break strength and elongation, thickness, and weathering (for Type IV only) tests shall be performed. Environmental considerations such as toxic content are also specified.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
10.1 The pressure-sensitive, filament-reinforced tapes covered by this specification are intended for use in closing and reinforcing fiberboard boxes and for bundling items for shipment.  
10.2 Type I is an impact and cut-resistant low-tensile strength tape, usually with polyester fiber reinforcement. It is intended for bundling and similar applications and used where a greater amount of stretch before break provides an improvement in impact resistance over glass filament reinforcement.  
10.3 Types II and III are intended for reinforcement of RSC's and similar fiberboard boxes, and for bundling where a snug bundle must be maintained and other similar applications.  
10.4 Type IV is intended for applications in which weather-resistance high-tensile strength tape is required.  
10.5 See Practice D1974/D1974M for details on applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers filament-reinforced, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers paper-backed pressure sensitive tapes used for light-duty packaging and masking. The paper presents two types of pressure-sensitive tape: type I - crepe paper backed, and type II - flat paper backed. The materials used in the construction of the tape shall be such as to ensure conformance to the requirements specified. The tape shall comply with the physical requirements specified. Specimen preparation shall be as specified in the appropriate test method. Number of tests per unit of product shall be as specified in the appropriate test method. Accelerated aging, adhesion, tensile and elongation, tack, and thickness shall be tested to meet the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers paper-backed pressure-sensitive tapes used for light-duty packaging and masking.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results of this test method will indicate the relative permeability by water of the tape through its smallest dimension (generally normal to the tape's backing).
The pathway for the water parallel to the adhesive-cup interface is great compared to the tape's thickness and the latter is usually the nearly exclusive source of transmitted water.
Some tape types allow a relatively free path in a direction normal to the backing or along backing pathways parallel to the adhesive-cup interface, allowing the adhesive to become the principal barrier.
If the adhesive does not continue to adhere to the cup flange during the exposure periods, allowing unintended pathways for water to occur, the measurement should be considered as not having been made. Consequently, the tape might be considered as being inappropriate for use on surfaces like the cup flange under moisture conditions approximating those of the test.
Note 1—It may be that the interest is simply in the tape material as a water barrier. In this case how well the tape adheres to the cup flange may be of little consequence and steps to prevent any edge effects are in order. These are referred to in Section 10.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides one procedure for measuring the water penetration rate of 2-in. or wider pressure-sensitive tape.
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be equivalent; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thickness is an important property of tapes, and this dimension is important for certain end uses. This test method is useful for quality control and for acceptance testing for conformance to specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thickness of pressure-sensitive tapes at standard conditions.
1.2 This test method is intended to replace AFERA 4006 and PSTC 33.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to Section 14, Performance Requirements. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side. A hand-operated steel roller shall be used in the manufacture of the pads and a cylindrical mandrel shall be used for flagging test of the pads. A minimum average of determined sheets of paper shall be assembled in the form of a pad. No individual pad shall contain less than a certain number of sheets. The pad of paper and a backing sheet shall be securely fastened together by means of the repositionable, pressure-sensitive adhesive coating. The paper to be used in the manufacture of the pad shall be determined by its basis weight and thickness. In order to determine the sheets' overall performance, the following properties shall be tested: writing quality, sheet removal, multiple sheet lift, fiber pull, initial flagging, and repositionable flagging. The sheets of pad paper shall be clean and free from dirt, foreign matter, holes, tears, wrinkles, and other defects which might affect appearance or serviceability. The sheets shall be uniform with respect to color and formation. Pads shall be square cut with smooth, clean edges.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pads of repositionable, colored, note paper. Each sheet has a strip of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the back side.
1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to Section 14, Performance Requirements. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.