E08.02 - Terminology

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of terms and definitions pertaining to measurements taken on thin, reflecting films, such as found in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) materials. In particular, the terms are related to the standards in Section 2, which were generated by Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture. Terminology E1823 Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing is applicable to this standard.  
1.2 The terms are listed in alphabetical order.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The fracture toughness determined by this test method characterizes the resistance of a material to fracture by a slowly advancing steady-state crack (see 3.2.5) in a neutral environment under severe tensile constraint. The state of stress near the crack front approaches plane strain, and the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack size and specimen dimensions in the constraint direction. A KIv  or KIvj  value may be used to estimate the relation between failure stress and defect size when the conditions described above would be expected, although the relationship may differ from that obtained from a KIc  value (see Note 1). Background information concerning the basis for development of this test method in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics may be found in Refs (6-15).  
5.1.1 The KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  value of a given material can be a function of testing speed (strain rate) and temperature. Furthermore, cyclic forces can cause crack extension at KI  values less than KIv, and crack extension can be increased by the presence of an aggressive environment. Therefore, application of KIv  in the design of service components should be made with an awareness of differences that may exist between the laboratory tests and field conditions.  
5.1.2 Plane-strain fracture toughness testing is unusual in that there can be no advance assurance that a valid KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  will be determined in a particular test. Therefore, it is essential that all the criteria concerning the validity of results be carefully considered as described herein.  
5.2 This test method can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish the effects of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming, on the fracture toughness of new or existing materials.  
5.2.2 For specifications of acceptance and manufacturing quality control, but only when there is a sound basis for specification of minimum ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or KIvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness, KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.  (A) See Fig. 6.  (A) See Fig. 6.(B) See Note 1.   (A) Compiled from Refs (1), (2), (3), and (4), and using the polynomials in Table 5.(B) Minimum value of Y*.  (A) Compiled from Refs (1), (2), (3), and (4).(B) Y* = exp[C0  + C1 r + C2 r2  + C3 r3  + C4 r4 ], accuracy ±0.5 %.(C) Estimated from finite element analysis (3), and extrapolated equation from Ref (4). Accuracy for 0.3 ≤  r ≤ 0.85 is ±0.5 %.(D) Extrapolated from equations in Ref (4). Accuracy estimated to be ±0.5 % for 0.2 ≤ r ≤ 0.85.(E) Equation from Ref (4). Accuracy estimated to be± 0.5 % for 0.15 ≤ r ≤ 0.6.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The fracture toughness determined by this test method characterizes the resistance of a material to fracture by a slowly advancing steady-state crack (see 3.2.5) in a neutral environment under severe tensile constraint. The state of stress near the crack front approaches plane strain, and the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack size and specimen dimensions in the constraint direction. A KIv  or KIvj  value may be used to estimate the relation between failure stress and defect size when the conditions described above would be expected, although the relationship may differ from that obtained from a KIc  value (see Note 1). Background information concerning the basis for development of this test method in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics may be found in Refs (6-15).  
5.1.1 The KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  value of a given material can be a function of testing speed (strain rate) and temperature. Furthermore, cyclic forces can cause crack extension at KI  values less than KIv, and crack extension can be increased by the presence of an aggressive environment. Therefore, application of KIv  in the design of service components should be made with an awareness of differences that may exist between the laboratory tests and field conditions.  
5.1.2 Plane-strain fracture toughness testing is unusual in that there can be no advance assurance that a valid KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  will be determined in a particular test. Therefore, it is essential that all the criteria concerning the validity of results be carefully considered as described herein.  
5.2 This test method can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish the effects of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming, on the fracture toughness of new or existing materials.  
5.2.2 For specifications of acceptance and manufacturing quality control, but only when there is a sound basis for specification of minimum ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or KIvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness, KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.        
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method can be used to determine the appearance of propagating fractures in plain carbon or low-alloy pipe steels (yield strengths less than 825 MPa) over the temperature range where the fracture mode changes from brittle (cleavage or flat) to ductile (shear or oblique).  
4.2 This test method can serve the following purposes:  
4.2.1 For research and development, to study the effect of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming on the mode of fracture propagation.  
4.2.2 For evaluation of materials for service to indicate the suitability of a material for specific applications by indicating fracture propagation behavior at the service temperature(s).  
4.2.3 For information or specification purposes, to provide a manufacturing quality control only when suitable correlations have been established with service behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 and 19.1 mm.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of terms and definitions pertaining to measurements taken on thin, reflecting films, such as found in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) materials. In particular, the terms are related to the standards in Section , which were generated by Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture. Terminology E 1823 Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing is applicable to this standard.
1.2 The terms are listed in alphabetical order.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of terms and definitions pertaining to measurements taken on thin, reflecting films, such as found in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) materials. In particular, the terms are related to the standards in Section 2, which were generated by Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture. Terminology E1823 Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing is applicable to this standard.  
1.2 The terms are listed in alphabetical order.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The fracture toughness determined by this test method characterizes the resistance of a material to fracture by a slowly advancing steady-state crack (see 3.2.5) in a neutral environment under severe tensile constraint. The state of stress near the crack front approaches plane strain, and the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack size and specimen dimensions in the constraint direction. A KIv  or KIvj  value may be used to estimate the relation between failure stress and defect size when the conditions described above would be expected, although the relationship may differ from that obtained from a KIc  value (see Note 1). Background information concerning the basis for development of this test method in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics may be found in Refs (1-15).
The KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  value of a given material can be a function of testing speed (strain rate) and temperature. Furthermore, cyclic forces can cause crack extension at KI  values less than KIv, and crack extension can be increased by the presence of an aggressive environment. Therefore, application of KIv  in the design of service components should be made with an awareness of differences that may exist between the laboratory tests and field conditions.
Plane-strain fracture toughness testing is unusual in that there can be no advance assurance that a valid KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  will be determined in a particular test. Therefore, it is essential that all the criteria concerning the validity of results be carefully considered as described herein.
This test method can serve the following purposes:
To establish the effects of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming, on the fracture toughness of new or existing materials.
For specifications of acceptance and manufacturing quality control, but only when there is a sound basis for specification of minimum KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  values, and then ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or KIvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness, KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.  
Note 1—One difference between this test method and Test Method E 399 (which measures KIc) is that Test Method E 399 centers attention on the start of crack extension from a fatigue precrack. This test method makes use of either a steady state slowly propagating crack, or a crack at the initiation of a crack jump. Although both methods are based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics, this difference, plus other differences in test procedure, may cause the values from this test method to be larger than KIc  values in some materials. Therefore, toughness values determined by this test method cannot be used interchangeably with KIc.
1.2 This test method uses either chevron-notched rod specimens of circular cross section, or chevron-notched bar specimens of square or rectangular cross section (Figs. 1-10). The terms “short rod” and “short bar” are used commonly for these types of chevron-notched specimens.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to addre...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used to determine the appearance of propagating fractures in plain carbon or low-alloy pipe steels (yield strengths less than 825 MPa) over the temperature range where the fracture mode changes from brittle (cleavage or flat) to ductile (shear or oblique).
This test method can serve the following purposes:
For research and development, to study the effect of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming on the mode of fracture propagation.
For evaluation of materials for service to indicate the suitability of a material for specific applications by indicating fracture propagation behavior at the service temperature(s).
For information or specification purposes, to provide a manufacturing quality control only when suitable correlations have been established with service behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 and 19.1 mm.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The fracture toughness determined by this test method characterizes the resistance of a material to fracture by a slowly advancing steady-state crack (see 3.2.5) in a neutral environment under severe tensile constraint. The state of stress near the crack front approaches plane strain, and the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack size and specimen dimensions in the constraint direction. A KIv  or KIvj  value may be used to estimate the relation between failure stress and defect size when the conditions described above would be expected, although the relationship may differ from that obtained from a KIc  value (see Note 1). Background information concerning the basis for development of this test method in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics may be found in Refs (1-15).
The KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  value of a given material can be a function of testing speed (strain rate) and temperature. Furthermore, cyclic forces can cause crack extension at KI  values less than KIv, and crack extension can be increased by the presence of an aggressive environment. Therefore, application of KIv  in the design of service components should be made with an awareness of differences that may exist between the laboratory tests and field conditions.
Plane-strain fracture toughness testing is unusual in that there can be no advance assurance that a valid KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  will be determined in a particular test. Therefore, it is essential that all the criteria concerning the validity of results be carefully considered as described herein.
This test method can serve the following purposes:
To establish the effects of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming, on the fracture toughness of new or existing materials.
For specifications of acceptance and manufacturing quality control, but only when there is a sound basis for specification of minimum KIv, KIvj, or KIvM  values, and then ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or KIvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness, KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.  
Note 1—One difference between this test method and Test Method E 399 (which measures KIc) is that Test Method E 399 centers attention on the start of crack extension from a fatigue precrack. This test method makes use of either a steady state slowly propagating crack, or a crack at the initiation of a crack jump. Although both methods are based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics, this difference, plus other differences in test procedure, may cause the values from this test method to be larger than KIc  values in some materials. Therefore, toughness values determined by this test method cannot be used interchangeably with KIc.
1.2 This test method uses either chevron-notched rod specimens of circular cross section, or chevron-notched bar specimens of square or rectangular cross section (Figs. 1-10). The terms “short rod” and “short bar” are used commonly for these types of chevron-notched specimens.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to addre...

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.
1.2 This terminology includes on Units and on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.
1.2 This terminology includes on Units and on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of terms and definitions pertaining to measurements taken on thin, reflecting films, such as found in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) materials. In particular, the terms are related to the standards in Section , which were generated by Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture. Terminology E 1823 Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing is applicable to this standard.
1.2 The terms are listed in alphabetical order.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. The definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, Applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used to determine the appearance of propagating fractures in plain carbon or low-alloy pipe steels (yield strengths less than 825 MPa or 120 000 psi) over the temperature range where the fracture mode changes from brittle (cleavage or flat) to ductile (shear or oblique).
This test method can serve the following purposes:
3.2.1 For research and development, to study the effect of metallurgical variables such as composition or heat treatment, or of fabricating operations such as welding or forming on the mode of fracture propagation.
3.2.2 For evaluation of materials for service to indicate the suitability of a material for specific applications by indicating fracture propagation behavior at the service temperature(s).
3.2.3 For information or specification purposes, to provide a manufacturing quality control only when suitable correlations have been established with service behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 and 19.1 mm (0.125 and 0.750 in.).
1.2 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. the definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of the symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or K IvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness,  KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.
Note 1—One difference between this test method and Test Method E 399 (which measures K Ic) is that Test Method E 399 centers attention on the start of crack extension from a fatigue precrack. This test method makes use of either a steady state slowly propagating crack, or a crack at the initiation of a crack jump. Although both methods are based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics, this difference, plus other differences in test procedure, may cause the values from this test method to be larger than KIc values in some materials. Therefore, toughness values determined by this test method cannot be used interchangeably with KIc.
1.2 This test method uses either chevron-notched rod specimens of circular cross section, or chevron-notched bar specimens of square or rectangular cross section (Figs. 1-10). The terms "short rod" and "short bar" are used commonly for these types of chevron-notched specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of plane-strain (chevron-notch) fracture toughnesses, KIv  or K IvM, of metallic materials. Fracture toughness by this method is relative to a slowly advancing steady state crack initiated at a chevron-shaped notch, and propagating in a chevron-shaped ligament (Fig. 1). Some metallic materials, when tested by this method, exhibit a sporadic crack growth in which the crack front remains nearly stationary until a critical load is reached. The crack then becomes unstable and suddenly advances at high speed to the next arrest point. For these materials, this test method covers the determination of the plane-strain fracture toughness,  KIvj  or KIvM, relative to the crack at the points of instability.
Note 1—One difference between this test method and Test Method E 399 (which measures K Ic) is that Test Method E 399 centers attention on the start of crack extension from a fatigue precrack. This test method makes use of either a steady state slowly propagating crack, or a crack at the initiation of a crack jump. Although both methods are based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics, this difference, plus other differences in test procedure, may cause the values from this test method to be larger than KIc values in some materials. Therefore, toughness values determined by this test method cannot be used interchangeably with KIc.
1.2 This test method uses either chevron-notched rod specimens of circular cross section, or chevron-notched bar specimens of square or rectangular cross section (Figs. 1-10). The terms "short rod" and "short bar" are used commonly for these types of chevron-notched specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This test method covers drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on ferritic steels with thicknesses between 3.18 and 19.1 mm (0.125 and 0.750 in.).  
1.2 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This terminology contains definitions, definitions of terms specific to certain standards, symbols, and abbreviations approved for use in standards on fatigue and fracture testing. the definitions are preceded by two lists. The first is an alphabetical listing of the symbols used. (Greek symbols are listed in accordance with their spelling in English.) The second is an alphabetical listing of relevant abbreviations.  
1.2 This terminology includes Annex A1 on Units and Annex A2 on Designation Codes for Specimen Configuration, applied Loading, and Crack or Notch Orientation.

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1.1 This guide covers recommended formats for the recording of fatigue and fracture test data for inclusion in computerized material property databases. From this information, the database designer should be able to construct the data dictionary preparatory to developing a database schema. Not covered within the scope of this guide are guidelines for the identification of the materials themselves, or descriptions of the materials, or both. Those guidelines are covered in separate standards, such as Guides E1338 and E1339.  
1.2 The recommended format specified in this guide is suggested for use in recording data in a database, that is different from contractual reporting of actual test results for a specific lot of material. The latter type of information is specified in materials specifications shown in business transactions and is subject to agreement between supplier and purchaser.  
1.3 This guide is specific to plane-strain fracture toughness test data based on Test Method E399, fatigue crack growth rate test data based on Test Method E647, and strain-controlled fatigue testing based on Practice E606.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture, this guide was withdrawn in January 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the crack strength [sigma]c of a Charpy-type specimen (see Fig. 1) containing a fatigue crack tested in slow bending. The nominal cross-sectional dimensions of this specimen are identical to those given in Test Methods E23 (Fig. 4A) for the standard Charpy test specimen. The crack strength will be sensitive to changes in the plane-strain fracture toughness providing the strength of the specimen is determined primarily by crack propagation and not by plastic instability.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of the crack strength c  of a Charpy-type specimen (see Fig. 1) containing a fatigue crack tested in slow bending. The nominal cross-sectional dimensions of this specimen are identical to those given in Test Methods E 23 (Fig. 4A) for the standard Charpy test specimen.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E08 on Fracture Testing, this test method was withdrawn in May 2005 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date