SIST EN 294:1997
(Main)Safety of machinery - Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs
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- 30-Nov-1997
- 13-Apr-2008
- 13.110
- 89/392/EEC
- 98/37/EC
- M/BC/CEN/88/13
- VSN
Safety of machinery - Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs
This standard establishes values for safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs of persons of 3 years of age or above. The distances apply when adequate safety can be achieved by distances alone. Note: These safety distances will not provide sufficient protection against certain hazards, for example radiation and emission of substances. For such hazards additional or other measures need to be taken. The safety distances protect those persons who try to reach danger zones without additional aid and under the conditions specified for the different reaching situations. This standard need not be applied to machinery which is covered by certain electrical standards in which specific testing procedures are laid down, e.g. using the test finger. For certain applications there are justifiable reasons to deviate from these safety distances. Standards dealing with these applications shall indicate how an adequate level of safety can be achieved.
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von Gefahrstellen mit den oberen Gliedmaßen
Diese Norm legt Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von Gefahrenstellen mit den oberen Gliedmassen für Personen ab 3 Jahre fest. Diese Sicherheitsabstände sind anwendbar, wenn eine angemessene Sicherheit allein durch Abstand erreicht werden kann.
Sécurité des machines - Distances de sécurité pour empecher l'atteinte des zones dangereuses par les membres supérieurs
La présente norme établit des valeurs de distances de sécurité empêchant l'atteinte des zones dangereuses par les membres supérieurs pour les personnes âgées de trois ans et plus. Les distances s'appliquent quand un niveau de sécurité adéquat peut être atteint par le seul éloignement.
Varnost strojev - Varnostne razdalje, ki preprečujejo doseg nevarnih območij z zgornjimi udi
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-1997
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Safety of machinery - Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the
upper limbs
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von Gefahrstellen
mit den oberen Gliedmaßen
Sécurité des machines -
...
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for manually loaded and unloaded
— single-end tenoning machines with a manual feed sliding table,
— single-end tenoning machines with a mechanical feed sliding table,
— single-end tenoning-profiling machines with mechanical feed,
— double-end tenoning-profiling machines with mechanical feed, also designed to be automatically either loaded or unloaded, or both, and
— angular systems for tenoning and profiling with mechanical feed
with maximum workpiece height capacity of 200 mm for single-end machines and 500 mm for double-end machines, capable of continuous production use, altogether referred to as “machines”.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
The machines are designed to process in one pass one end or two sides, either opposite or perpendicular to each other, of workpieces made of
a) solid wood, and
b) materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2); and
c) only the machines with mechanical feed, made of
d) fibre-cement,
e) rock wool and glass wool,
f) gypsum,
g) plasterboard,
h) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards and sulfate boards,
i) composite materials with core consisting of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light alloy,
j) polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic, thermoset and elastomeric materials,
k) aluminium light alloy profiles, and
l) composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices or additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— sanding units;
— fixed or movable workpiece support;
— automatic tool changing;
— automatic workpiece returner;
— glass bead saw unit;
— hinge recessing unit;
— boring unit;
— dynamic processing unit;
— sawing unit installed out of the integral enclosure, between machine halves in double-end machines;
— foiling unit;
— coating unit;
— grooving unit with a milling tool installed out of the integral enclosure, between machine halves;
— brushing unit;
— gluing unit;
— sealing unit;
— dowels inserting unit;
— tongues inserting unit;
— inkjet marking unit;
— laser marking unit;
— labelling unit;
— workpiece back-up device (device that is either anti-chipping or anti-splintering, or both);
— quick tool changing system;
— post-formed edge pre-cutting unit;
— additional workpiece support (at either infeed or outfeed, or both);
— parallel infeed device on single-end machines;
— transversal infeed device on single-end machines;
— intermediate workpiece support on double-end machines;
— automatic infeed device;
— feed chain with dogs.
This document does not deal with any hazards related to:
a) systems for automatic loading and unloading of the workpiece to a single machine other than automatic workpiece returner;
b) single machine being used in combination with any other machine (as part
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This document specifies requirements for the positioning and dimensioning of safeguards with respect to the approach of the human body or its parts towards hazard(s) within the intended span-of-control as follows:
— the position and dimension of the detection zone(s) of ESPE and pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors;
— the position of two-hand control devices and single control devices;
— the position of interlocking guards.
This document also specifies requirements for the positioning of safety-related manual control devices (SRMCD) with respect to the approach of the human body or its parts from within the safeguard space relative to:
— the position and dimension of the detection zone(s) of ESPE and pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors; and
— the position and dimension of interlocking guards.
When evaluating the ability of the human body or its parts to access SRMCD from within the intended safeguarded space, the requirements of this document are also applicable to determine the dimensions of safeguard(s). Approaches such as running, jumping or falling, are not considered in this document.
NOTE 1 The values for approach speeds (walking speed and upper limb movement) in this document are time tested and proven in practical experience.
NOTE 2 Other types of approach can result in approach speeds that are higher or lower than those defined in this document.
This document applies to safeguards used on machinery for the protection of persons 14 years and older.
Safeguards considered in this document include:
a) electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) such as:
— active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) (see IEC 61496-2);
— AOPDs responsive to diffuse reflection that have one or more detection zone(s) specified in two dimensions (AOPDDRs-2D) (see IEC 61496-3);
— AOPDs responsive to diffuse reflection that have one or more detection zone(s) specified in three dimensions (AOPDDRs-3D) (see IEC 61496-3);
— vision based protective devices using reference pattern techniques (VBPDPP) (see IEC/TS 61496-4-2);
— vision based protective devices using stereo vision techniques (VBPDST) (see IEC/TS 61496-4-3);
b) pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors (see ISO 13856-1);
c) two-hand control devices (see ISO 13851);
d) single control devices;
e) interlocking guards (see ISO 14120).
This document is not applicable to:
— safeguards (e.g. pendant two-hand control devices) that can be manually moved, without using tools, nearer to the hazard zone than the separation distance;
— protection against the risks from hazards arising from emissions (e.g. the ejection of solid or fluid materials, radiation, electric arcs, heat, noise, fumes, gases);
— protection against the risks arising from failure of mechanical parts of the machine or gravity falls.
The separation distances derived from this document do not apply to safeguards used solely for presence sensing function.
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for
— surface planing machines, also called jointers,
— thickness planing machines, also called planers or single surface planers, and
— combined surface/thickness planing machines
with fixed cutter block position, with an integrated feed in thickness planing mode, with or without demountable power feed device in planing mode, with manual loading and/or unloading of the workpiece, and capable of continuous production use, altogether referred to as “machines”.
The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2).
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A relevant to the machines when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. Reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to surface planing machines and combined surface/thickness planing machines fitted with an optional mortising device, whose hazards have been dealt with.
This document does not apply to:
a) machines with more than one cutter block;
b) machines with a mortising unit driven by a separate motor;
c) machines where the cutter block is adjustable for depth of cut setting in thickness planing mode;
d) machines where the conversion from planing to thickness planing mode or vice versa is achieved by mounting or demounting parts/units;
e) machines where surface planing and thickness planing can be performed at the same time;
f) machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
g) machines manufactured prior to the publication of this document.
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This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are also taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— transversal sanding unit;
— cleaning brushing unit;
— satining roller unit;
— disk brushing unit;
— texturing brushing roller unit;
— texturing brushing belt unit;
— cutterblock unit;
— texturing band saw unit;
— spiked roller unit;
— multi blade unit;
— conveyor directly controlled by the machine;
— additional workpiece vacuum clamping device;
— antistatic bar unit.
NOTE 1 An antistatic bar is a device that eliminates electrostatic charges on the workpiece to ease its subsequent cleaning from dust by airflow.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with a laser engraving unit, but the specific hazards of this unit have not been dealt with.
The machines are designed to process workpieces with flat surface and even thickness, in shape of panels or beams or frames, consisting of:
a) solid wood;
b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2);
c) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards;
d) composite materials with core consisting of, e.g. polyurethane or mineral material;
e) composite boards made from the materials listed above;
f) all materials listed above, already lacquered.
This document does not deal with hazards related to:
— specific devices other than those listed above;
— access through in-feed and out-feed openings of machines with a work piece height capacity greater than 700 mm;
— systems for powered loading or unloading, or both, of the workpiece to or from a single machine;
NOTE 2 Loading the machine manually includes manually placing the workpiece onto a conveyor directly controlled by the machine. Unloading the machine manually includes manually removing the workpiece from a conveyor directly controlled by the machine.
— out-feed workpieces on machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min;
— interfacing of the machine with any other machine.
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This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are also taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— an integrated feed device;
— a device for scoring;
— an angle cutting device;
— a middle support device;
— programmable end stops for parallel vertical cuts;
— a device for grooving with a milling tool with a cutting width not exceeding 27 mm;
— a panel pusher;
— a panel lowering device;
— stop devices for workpiece during horizontal cuts.
The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of:
a) solid wood;
b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2);
c) composite materials with core consisting, for example, of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light alloy;
d) polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials;
e) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards;
f) honeycomb aluminium boards;
g) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
h) aluminium light alloy plates;
i) composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not apply to machines
— with pressure beam and saw unit mounted behind the workpiece support,
— where the guide rails on which the saw unit moves vertically are fixed on the machine frame and the horizontal cut can only be made by manually feeding the panel,
— designed to cut in vertical direction only,
— automatically performing two or more cutting cycles in sequence,
— intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere, and
— manufactured prior to the publication of this document.
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for dimension saws (defined in 3.1), capable of continuous production use and hereinafter referred to also as “machines”.
The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
a) device to raise and lower the main saw blade and scoring saw blade;
b) device to tilt the main saw blade and scoring saw blade for angled cutting in one or both directions;
c) device for scoring;
d) device for grooving with milling tool with a width not exceeding 20 mm;
e) demountable power feed unit;
f) power-operated sliding table;
g) workpiece clamping.
This document is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for circular saw benches with or without sliding table or demountable power feed unit or both and capable of continuous production use, also known as “table saws” (in the USA), hereinafter referred to also as “machines”.
The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2).
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A relevant to the machines when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices or working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
— device for the main saw blade and scoring saw blade to be raised and lowered through the table;
— device to tilt the main saw blade and scoring saw blade for angled cutting;
— device for scoring;
— device for grooving with milling tool with a width not exceeding 20 mm in one pass;
— demountable power feed unit;
— additional manually operated sliding table;
— powered workpiece clamping device.
This document does not apply to:
a) machines intended for outdoor use on building sites;
NOTE Building site saws (contractor saws) are covered by the requirements of ISO 19085-10:2018.
b) handheld woodworking machines including any adaptation permitting their use in a different mode, i.e. bench mounting;
c) machines intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere;
d) machines manufactured prior to the publication of this document.
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for combined woodworking machines (defined in 3.1), capable of continuous production use, with manual loading and unloading of the workpiece and hereinafter referred to also as “machines”.
The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2).
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.
This document applies to machines also equipped with the devices or additional working units listed in the Scopes of ISO 19085-5:2024, ISO 19085-6:2024, ISO 19085-7:2024 and ISO 19085-9:2024.
This document does not apply to:
a) machines incorporating a planing unit and a mortising device only;
NOTE Machines incorporating a planing unit and a mortising device only are dealt with in ISO 19085-7:2024.
b) combined machines incorporating a band saw unit;
c) machines with a mortising unit with a separate drive other than the planing unit drive;
d) machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere;
e) machines manufactured before the publication of this document.
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This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for single spindle vertical moulding machines (defined in 3.1), capable of continuous production use and hereinafter referred to also as “machines”.
The machines are designed to cut solid wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines when they are operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have also been taken into account.
This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
a) device to adjust the arbor vertically;
b) device to tilt the arbor;
c) device to fit a manually operated tenoning sliding table;
d) glass bead saw unit;
e) adjustable table insert;
f) device for changing the direction of rotation of the spindle;
g) device for fixing shank mounted tools on the arbor;
h) interchangeable arbor;
i) quick tool/arbor change system;
j) demountable power feed unit;
k) support for the demountable power feed unit with power-driven adjustments.
This document does not apply to
— machines equipped with outboard bearings,
— machines equipped with powered movements of a front extension table and/or a tenoning sliding table.
This document is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.
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This document specifies a methodology and provides related requirements, recommendations and guidance for the design and integration of safety‐related parts of control systems (SRP/CS) that perform safety functions, including the design of software.
This document applies to SRP/CS for high demand and continuous modes of operation including their subsystems, regardless of the type of technology and energy (e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and mechanical). This document does not apply to low demand mode of operation.
NOTE 1 See 3.1.44 and the IEC 61508 series for low demand mode of operation.
This document does not specify the safety functions or required performance levels (PLr) that are to be used in particular applications.
NOTE 2 This document specifies a methodology for SRP/CS design without considering if certain machinery (e.g. mobile machinery) has specific requirements. These specific requirements can be considered in a Type‑C standard.
This document does not give specific requirements for the design of products/components that are parts of SRP/CS. Specific requirements for the design of some components of SRP/CS are covered by applicable ISO and IEC standards.
This document does not provide specific measures for security aspects (e.g. physical, IT-security, cyber security).
NOTE 3 Security issues can have an effect on safety functions. See ISO/TR 22100-4 and IEC/TR 63074 for further information.
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