Soil quality -- Sampling -- Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas

ISO 10381-7:2005 contains guidance on the sampling of soil gas.
ISO 10381-7:2005 is not applicable to the measurement of gases from the soil entering into the atmosphere, the sampling of atmospheric gases, or passive sampling procedures.

Qualité du sol -- Échantillonnage -- Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol

L'ISO 10381-7:2005 donne des lignes directrices sur l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol.
L'ISO 10381-7:2005 ne traite pas du mesurage des gaz du sol entrant dans l'atmosphère, ni de l'échantillonnage des gaz atmosphériques ou encore des modes opératoires d'échantillonnage passif.

Kakovost tal – Vzorčenje – 7. del: Navodilo za vzorčenje talnih plinov

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Aug-2006
Withdrawal Date
05-Jun-2018
Technical Committee
Current Stage
9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
Start Date
06-Jun-2018
Due Date
29-Jun-2018
Completion Date
06-Jun-2018

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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10381-7
First edition
2005-09-01
Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage —
Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol

Reference number
©
ISO 2005
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Preliminary points to be considered.4
5 Permanent gases .5
5.1 Investigation objectives .5
5.2 Basic principles.5
5.3 General considerations for sampling .7
5.4 Sampling requirements.7
5.5 Technical equipment .9
5.6 Sampling plan .10
5.7 Sampling.11
5.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .12
5.9 Sampling report .12
5.10 Quality assurance.13
5.11 Interferences .15
6 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) .16
6.1 Objectives.16
6.2 Basic principles .16
6.3 General considerations for sampling .17
6.4 Sampling requirements.18
6.5 Technical equipment .20
6.6 Sampling plan .22
6.7 Sampling.22
6.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .24
6.9 Sampling report .24
6.10 Quality assurance.24
6.11 Interferences .25
6.12 Interpretation of soil-gas analyses for VOCs.26
Annex A (informative) Sampling protocol.27
Annex B (informative) Anaerobic degradation and the formation of methane and carbon dioxide.29
Annex C (informative) Strategy of soil-gas investigations .31
Annex D (informative) Apparatus for measurement of gas flow rate .34
Annex E (informative) Portable equipment for measurement of concentrations of permanent
gases.35
Bibliography .38

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10381-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.
ISO 10381 consists of the following parts, under the general title Soil quality — Sampling:
 Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
 Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
 Part 3: Guidance on safety
 Part 4: Guidance on the procedure for investigation of natural, near-natural and cultivated sites
 Part 5: Guidance on the procedure for the investigation of urban and industrial sites with regard to soil
contamination
 Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil for the assessment of aerobic microbial
processes in the laboratory
 Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas
 Part 8: Guidance on sampling of stockpiles
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Introduction
ISO 10381-7 is one of a group of International Standards to be used in conjunction with each other where
necessary. ISO 10381 (all parts) deals with sampling procedures for the various purposes of soil investigation.
The stated soil-gas and landfill-gas measurements do not give any quantitative statement of the total quantity
of material detected in soil gas or soil. The measurement results can be influenced by, e.g. temperature,
humidity, air pressure, minimum extraction depth, etc.
The general terminology used is in accordance with that established in ISO/TC 190 and, more particularly,
with the vocabulary given in ISO 11074-2.
In addition to the main components (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide), soil gas can contain other gases
(methane, carbon monoxide, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, helium, neon, argon, xenon, radon, etc.).
It can also contain highly volatile organic compounds or inorganic vapours (mercury) which are of special interest
within the framework of investigating soil and groundwater contamination.
Due to the different physical properties and ranges of concentrations of gases in soil and landfills as well as the
wide variety of objectives for soil-gas sampling, this part of ISO 10381, after the general clauses 1 to 4, is
subdivided into two sections:
a) permanent gases of soil gas and landfill gas (Clause 5); and
b) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Clause 6).
Thus it is inevitable that some details are repeated in both clauses in order to make the guidance
comprehensive.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10381-7:2005(E)

Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
WARNING — This part of ISO 10381 concerns on-site soil and sub-soil gas analysis requiring
particular health and personal safety precautions.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10381 contains guidance on the sampling of soil gas.
This part of ISO 10381 is not applicable to the measurement of gases from the soil entering into the atmosphere,
the sampling of atmospheric gases, or passive sampling procedures.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10381-1, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
ISO 10381-2, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
ISO 10381-3, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on safety
ISO 11074-1, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms and definitions relating to the protection and
pollution of the soil
ISO 11074-2, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms and definitions relating to sampling
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074-1 and ISO 11074-2 and the
following apply.
3.1
active soil-gas sampling
sampling by extracting a certain volume of soil gas
3.2
biodegradation
the physical and chemical breakdown of a substance by living organisms, mainly bacteria and/or fungi
3.3
borehole
hole formed into soil or landfilled material into which may be installed a standpipe to enable gas monitoring to
be carried out
NOTE A borehole is also used as a means of venting or withdrawing gas.
3.4
concentration/adsorption method
method in which substances to be determined are concentrated adsorptively on an adsorbent (e.g. activated
charcoal or XAD-4 resin), subsequently desorbed and analysed
3.5
dead volume
volume which is present between the suction opening of the soil-gas probe and the sampling vial, including the
volume of the sampling vial or of the absorption tube
3.6
direct method
direct measuring method
method of analysis where the soil-gas sample (aliquot) is directly introduced into a suitable equipment without
first being concentrated and subjected to analysis
3.7
direct-reading detecting tube
glass tube filled with reagents which, after drawing through certain gaseous compounds, show concentration-
dependent chromophoric reactions and which are thus used for qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses as
well
NOTE It is important that attention be paid to cross-sensitivities.
3.8
gas migration
movement of gas and vapour from the wastes within a landfill or through the ground to the adjoining strata, or
emission to the atmosphere
3.9
gas monitoring well
standpipe suitably installed inside a borehole from which gas samples can be taken to measure soil-gas
concentrations and to monitor changes in composition of soil gas or soil-gas migration
3.10
gas sampling
collection of a proportion of material for testing such that the material taken is representative of the gas in the
pore space of the location of sampling
3.11
landfill
deposition of waste into or onto the land as a means of disposal
NOTE It
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10381-7
First edition
2005-09-01
Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage —
Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol

Reference number
©
ISO 2005
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Preliminary points to be considered.4
5 Permanent gases .5
5.1 Investigation objectives .5
5.2 Basic principles.5
5.3 General considerations for sampling .7
5.4 Sampling requirements.7
5.5 Technical equipment .9
5.6 Sampling plan .10
5.7 Sampling.11
5.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .12
5.9 Sampling report .12
5.10 Quality assurance.13
5.11 Interferences .15
6 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) .16
6.1 Objectives.16
6.2 Basic principles .16
6.3 General considerations for sampling .17
6.4 Sampling requirements.18
6.5 Technical equipment .20
6.6 Sampling plan .22
6.7 Sampling.22
6.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .24
6.9 Sampling report .24
6.10 Quality assurance.24
6.11 Interferences .25
6.12 Interpretation of soil-gas analyses for VOCs.26
Annex A (informative) Sampling protocol.27
Annex B (informative) Anaerobic degradation and the formation of methane and carbon dioxide.29
Annex C (informative) Strategy of soil-gas investigations .31
Annex D (informative) Apparatus for measurement of gas flow rate .34
Annex E (informative) Portable equipment for measurement of concentrations of permanent
gases.35
Bibliography .38

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10381-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.
ISO 10381 consists of the following parts, under the general title Soil quality — Sampling:
 Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
 Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
 Part 3: Guidance on safety
 Part 4: Guidance on the procedure for investigation of natural, near-natural and cultivated sites
 Part 5: Guidance on the procedure for the investigation of urban and industrial sites with regard to soil
contamination
 Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil for the assessment of aerobic microbial
processes in the laboratory
 Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas
 Part 8: Guidance on sampling of stockpiles
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Introduction
ISO 10381-7 is one of a group of International Standards to be used in conjunction with each other where
necessary. ISO 10381 (all parts) deals with sampling procedures for the various purposes of soil investigation.
The stated soil-gas and landfill-gas measurements do not give any quantitative statement of the total quantity
of material detected in soil gas or soil. The measurement results can be influenced by, e.g. temperature,
humidity, air pressure, minimum extraction depth, etc.
The general terminology used is in accordance with that established in ISO/TC 190 and, more particularly,
with the vocabulary given in ISO 11074-2.
In addition to the main components (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide), soil gas can contain other gases
(methane, carbon monoxide, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, helium, neon, argon, xenon, radon, etc.).
It can also contain highly volatile organic compounds or inorganic vapours (mercury) which are of special interest
within the framework of investigating soil and groundwater contamination.
Due to the different physical properties and ranges of concentrations of gases in soil and landfills as well as the
wide variety of objectives for soil-gas sampling, this part of ISO 10381, after the general clauses 1 to 4, is
subdivided into two sections:
a) permanent gases of soil gas and landfill gas (Clause 5); and
b) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Clause 6).
Thus it is inevitable that some details are repeated in both clauses in order to make the guidance
comprehensive.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10381-7:2005(E)

Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
WARNING — This part of ISO 10381 concerns on-site soil and sub-soil gas analysis requiring
particular health and personal safety precautions.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10381 contains guidance on the sampling of soil gas.
This part of ISO 10381 is not applicable to the measurement of gases from the soil entering into the atmosphere,
the sampling of atmospheric gases, or passive sampling procedures.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10381-1, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
ISO 10381-2, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
ISO 10381-3, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on safety
ISO 11074-1, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms and definitions relating to the protection and
pollution of the soil
ISO 11074-2, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms and definitions relating to sampling
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074-1 and ISO 11074-2 and the
following apply.
3.1
active soil-gas sampling
sampling by extracting a certain volume of soil gas
3.2
biodegradation
the physical and chemical breakdown of a substance by living organisms, mainly bacteria and/or fungi
3.3
borehole
hole formed into soil or landfilled material into which may be installed a standpipe to enable gas monitoring to
be carried out
NOTE A borehole is also used as a means of venting or withdrawing gas.
3.4
concentration/adsorption method
method in which substances to be determined are concentrated adsorptively on an adsorbent (e.g. activated
charcoal or XAD-4 resin), subsequently desorbed and analysed
3.5
dead volume
volume which is present between the suction opening of the soil-gas probe and the sampling vial, including the
volume of the sampling vial or of the absorption tube
3.6
direct method
direct measuring method
method of analysis where the soil-gas sample (aliquot) is directly introduced into a suitable equipment without
first being concentrated and subjected to analysis
3.7
direct-reading detecting tube
glass tube filled with reagents which, after drawing through certain gaseous compounds, show concentration-
dependent chromophoric reactions and which are thus used for qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses as
well
NOTE It is important that attention be paid to cross-sensitivities.
3.8
gas migration
movement of gas and vapour from the wastes within a landfill or through the ground to the adjoining strata, or
emission to the atmosphere
3.9
gas monitoring well
standpipe suitably installed inside a borehole from which gas samples can be taken to measure soil-gas
concentrations and to
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2006
.DNRYRVWWDO±9]RUþHQMH±GHO1DYRGLOR]DY]RUþHQMHWDOQLKSOLQRY
Soil quality -- Sampling -- Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas
Qualité du sol -- Échantillonnage -- Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des
gaz du sol
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 10381-7:2005
ICS:
13.080.05 Preiskava tal na splošno Examination of soils in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10381-7
First edition
2005-09-01
Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage —
Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol

Reference number
©
ISO 2005
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Preliminary points to be considered.4
5 Permanent gases .5
5.1 Investigation objectives .5
5.2 Basic principles.5
5.3 General considerations for sampling .7
5.4 Sampling requirements.7
5.5 Technical equipment .9
5.6 Sampling plan .10
5.7 Sampling.11
5.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .12
5.9 Sampling report .12
5.10 Quality assurance.13
5.11 Interferences .15
6 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) .16
6.1 Objectives.16
6.2 Basic principles .16
6.3 General considerations for sampling .17
6.4 Sampling requirements.18
6.5 Technical equipment .20
6.6 Sampling plan .22
6.7 Sampling.22
6.8 Storage and transport of samples for laboratory analysis .24
6.9 Sampling report .24
6.10 Quality assurance.24
6.11 Interferences .25
6.12 Interpretation of soil-gas analyses for VOCs.26
Annex A (informative) Sampling protocol.27
Annex B (informative) Anaerobic degradation and the formation of methane and carbon dioxide.29
Annex C (informative) Strategy of soil-gas investigations .31
Annex D (informative) Apparatus for measurement of gas flow rate .34
Annex E (informative) Portable equipment for measurement of concentrations of permanent
gases.35
Bibliography .38

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10381-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.
ISO 10381 consists of the following parts, under the general title Soil quality — Sampling:
 Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
 Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
 Part 3: Guidance on safety
 Part 4: Guidance on the procedure for investigation of natural, near-natural and cultivated sites
 Part 5: Guidance on the procedure for the investigation of urban and industrial sites with regard to soil
contamination
 Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil for the assessment of aerobic microbial
processes in the laboratory
 Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas
 Part 8: Guidance on sampling of stockpiles
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Introduction
ISO 10381-7 is one of a group of International Standards to be used in conjunction with each other where
necessary. ISO 10381 (all parts) deals with sampling procedures for the various purposes of soil investigation.
The stated soil-gas and landfill-gas measurements do not give any quantitative statement of the total quantity
of material detected in soil gas or soil. The measurement results can be influenced by, e.g. temperature,
humidity, air pressure, minimum extraction depth, etc.
The general terminology used is in accordance with that established in ISO/TC 190 and, more particularly,
with the vocabulary given in ISO 11074-2.
In addition to the main components (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide), soil gas can contain other gases
(methane, carbon monoxide, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, helium, neon, argon, xenon, radon, etc.).
It can also contain highly volatile organic compounds or inorganic vapours (mercury) which are of special interest
within the framework of investigating soil and groundwater contamination.
Due to the different physical properties and ranges of concentrations of gases in soil and landfills as well as the
wide variety of objectives for soil-gas sampling, this part of ISO 10381, after the general clauses 1 to 4, is
subdivided into two sections:
a) permanent gases of soil gas and landfill gas (Clause 5); and
b) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Clause 6).
Thus it is inevitable that some details are repeated in both clauses in order to make the guidance
comprehensive.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10381-7:2005(E)

Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7:
Guidance on sampling of soil gas
WARNING — This part of ISO 10381 concerns on-site soil and sub-soil gas analysis requiring
particular health and personal safety precautions.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10381 contains guidance on the sampling of soil gas.
This part of ISO 10381 is not applicable to the measurement of gases from the soil entering into the atmosphere,
the sampling of atmospheric gases, or passive sampling procedures.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10381-1, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
ISO 10381-2, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
ISO 10381-3, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on safety
ISO 11074-1, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 1: Terms and definitions relating to the protection and
pollution of the soil
ISO 11074-2, Soil quality — Vocabulary — Part 2: Terms and definitions relating to sampling
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074-1 and ISO 11074-2 and the
following apply.
3.1
active soil-gas sampling
sampling by extracting a certain volume of soil gas
3.2
biodegradation
the physical and chemical breakdown of a substance by living organisms, mainly bacteria and/or fungi
3.3
borehole
hole formed into soil or landfilled material into which may be installed a standpipe to enable gas monitoring to
be carried out
NOTE A borehole is also used as a means of venting or withdrawing gas.
3.4
concentration/adsorption method
method in which substances to be determined are concentrated adsorptively on an adsorbent (e.g. activated
charcoal or XAD-4 resin), subsequently desorbed and analysed
3.5
dead volume
volume which is present between the suction opening of the soil-gas probe and the sampling vial, including the
volume of the sampling vial or of the absorption tube
3.6
direct method
direct measuring method
method of analysis where the soil-gas sample (aliquot) is directly introduced into a suitable equipment without
first being concentrated and subjected to analysis
3.7
direct-r
...


NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 10381-7
Première édition
2005-09-01
Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage —
Partie 7:
Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage
des gaz du sol
Soil quality — Sampling —
Part 7: Guidance on sampling of soil gas

Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2005
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©  ISO 2005
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2005 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos. iv
Introduction . v
1 Domaine d’application .1
2 Références normatives .1
3 Termes et définitions.1
4 Points préliminaires à prendre en compte.4
5 Gaz permanents.5
5.1 Objectifs de l’étude.5
5.2 Principes de base .5
5.3 Considérations générales relatives à l’échantillonnage .7
5.4 Exigences relatives à l’échantillonnage.7
5.5 Équipement technique .9
5.6 Plan d’échantillonnage.11
5.7 Échantillonnage .12
5.8 Stockage et transport des échantillons pour l’analyse en laboratoire .13
5.9 Rapport d’échantillonnage .13
5.10 Assurance qualité.14
5.11 Interférences .17
6 Composés organiques volatils (COV) .17
6.1 Objectifs.17
6.2 Principes de base .17
6.3 Considérations générales sur l’échantillonnage.18
6.4 Exigences relatives à l’échantillonnage.19
6.5 Équipement technique .22
6.6 Plan d’échantillonnage.22
6.7 Échantillonnage .24
6.8 Stockage et transport des échantillons pour l’analyse en laboratoire .26
6.9 Rapport d’échantillonnage .26
6.10 Assurance qualité.26
6.11 Interférences .27
6.12 Interprétation des analyses de gaz du sol pour les COV .28
Annexe A (informative) Protocole d’échantillonnage.30
Annexe B (informative) Dégradation anaérobie et formation de méthane et de dioxyde de carbone .32
Annexe C (informative) Stratégie pour l’étude des gaz du sol .35
Annexe D (informative) Équipement pour le mesurage du débit du gaz.39
Annexe E (informative) Équipement portatif pour le mesurage des concentrations de gaz
permanents.40
Bibliographie .40

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 10381-7 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 190, Qualité du sol, sous-comité SC 2,
Échantillonnage.
L'ISO 10381 comprend les parties suivantes, présentées sous le titre général Qualité du sol —
Échantillonnage:
 Partie 1: Lignes directrices pour l’établissement des programmes d’échantillonnage
 Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour les techniques d’échantillonnage
 Partie 3: Lignes directrices relatives à la sécurité
 Partie 4: Lignes directrices pour les procédures d’investigation des sites naturels, quasi naturels et
cultivés
 Partie 5: Lignes directrices pour la procédure d’'investigation des sols pollués en sites urbains et
industriels
 Partie 6: Lignes directrices pour la collecte, la manipulation et la conservation de sols destinés à une
étude en laboratoire des processus microbiens aérobies
 Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour l’échantillonnage des gaz du sol
 Partie 8: Lignes directrices pour l’échantillonnage de matériaux en tas
iv © ISO 2005 – Tous droits réservés

Introduction
L’ISO 10381-7 fait partie d’une série de Normes internationales destinées à être utilisées conjointement en
fonction des besoins. L’ISO 10381 (toutes les parties) traite des modes opératoires d’échantillonnage
correspondant aux divers objectifs de l’étude du sol. Les mesurages indiqués pour les gaz du sol et les gaz de
décharge ne fournissent aucune indication quantitative sur la quantité totale de matériaux détectée dans les
gaz du sol ou dans le sol. Les résultats des mesurages peuvent être influencés notamment par la température,
l’humidité, la pression atmosphérique, la profondeur minimale d’extraction, etc.
La terminologie générale utilisée est conforme à celle établie par l’ISO/TC 190 et, plus précisément, à la
terminologie présentée dans l’ISO 11074-2.
Outre les principaux constituants (azote, oxygène, dioxyde de carbone), les gaz du sol peuvent contenir
d’autres gaz (méthane, monoxyde de carbone, mercaptans, hydrogène sulfuré, ammoniac, hélium, néon,
argon, xénon, radon, etc.). Ils peuvent également contenir des composés organiques très volatils ou des
vapeurs inorganiques (mercure) qui présentent un intérêt particulier dans le cadre de l’analyse de la
contamination du sol et des eaux souterraines.
Compte tenu des différentes propriétés physiques et des gammes de concentrations des gaz dans le sol et
dans les décharges, ainsi que de l’étendue des objectifs de l’échantillonnage des gaz du sol, la présente
partie de l’ISO 10381 est divisée en deux sections, après les articles généraux 1 à 4:
a) les gaz permanents des gaz du sol et des gaz de décharge (Article 5); et
b) les composés organiques volatils (COV) (Article 6).
Par conséquent, certains détails sont inévitablement répétés dans ces deux articles afin que les lignes
directrices soient complètes.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 10381-7:2005(F)

Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage —
Partie 7:
Lignes directrices pour l'échantillonnage des gaz du sol
AVERTISSEMENT — La présente partie de l’ISO 10381 concerne l’analyse sur site des gaz du sol et du
sous-sol, nécessitant des précautions particulières en matière d’hygiène et de sécurité.
1 Domaine d’application
La présente partie de l’ISO 10381 donne des lignes directrices sur l’échantillonnage des gaz du sol.
La présente partie de l’ISO 10381 ne traite pas du mesurage des gaz du sol entrant dans l’atmosphère, ni de
l’échantillonnage des gaz atmosphériques ou encore des modes opératoires d’échantillonnage passif.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l’application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence (y compris les éventuels amendements) s’applique.
ISO 10381-1, Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage — Partie 1: Lignes directrices pour l'établissement des
programmes d'échantillonnage
ISO 10381-2, Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage — Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour les techniques
d'échantillonnage
ISO 10381-3, Qualité du sol — Échantillonnage — Partie 3: Lignes directrices relatives à la sécurité
ISO 11074-1, Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire — Partie 1: Termes et définitions relatifs à la protection et à la
pollution du sol
ISO 11074-2, Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire — Partie 2: Termes et définitions relatifs à l'échantillonnage
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO 11074-1 et l’ISO 11074-2
ainsi que les suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
échantillonnage actif des gaz du sol
échantillonnage par extraction d’un certain volume de gaz du sol
3.2
biodégradation
décomposition physique et chimique d’une substance par des organismes vivants, principalement des
bactéries et/ou des champignons
3.3
sondage
trou formé dans le sol ou dans des matériaux mis en décharge, dans lequel une tuyauterie peut être installée
pour permettre la surveillance des gaz
NOTE Un sondage est également utilisé pour l’évacuation ou l’extraction des gaz.
3.4
méthode par concentration/adsorption
méthode dans laquelle les substances à déterminer sont concentrées par adsorption sur un adsorbant (par
exemple charbon actif ou résine XAD-4), puis désorbées et analysées
3.5
volume mort
volume qui est présent entre l’ouverture d’aspiration de la sonde et le flacon d’échantillonnage, comprenant le
volume du flacon d’échantillonnage ou du tube d’absorption
3.6
m
...

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