SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
(Main)ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment for the maritime mobile service operating in the VHF bands (for non-GMDSS applications only); Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement
General Information
- Abstract
Editorial revision to include changes consequentto publishing EN 301 178-2
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Nov-2003
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Due Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Completion Date
- 01-Dec-2003
Overview
SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 specifies the technical characteristics and methods of measurement for portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment used in the maritime mobile service, specifically for non-GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) applications. This European standard addresses both electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and radio spectrum management matters, ensuring that VHF maritime radiotelephones operate efficiently and reliably without causing harmful interference in the 156 MHz to 174 MHz VHF bands.
This standard, published by the Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo (SIST), incorporates editorial revisions based on the subsequent publication of EN 301 178-2, aligning the requirements with the latest industry practices.
Key Topics
Technical Characteristics
Outlines minimum requirements for the design, construction, and performance of portable VHF maritime radiotelephone equipment. It covers aspects such as mechanical and electrical construction, durability, safety precautions, and operational suitability for shipboard environments.Methods of Measurement
Defines standardized methods for measuring the performance of radiotelephones, including transmitter output, receiver sensitivity, frequency stability, spurious emissions, and environmental test procedures.Operational Requirements
Includes specific requirements for controls, indicators, channel selectors, and user accessibility. The design prevents unauthorized access to critical settings, ensuring equipment reliability and safety.Channel and Frequency Use
Addresses operation on VHF channels as defined by ITU Radio Regulations Appendix 18, including simplex and duplex channels, power limits on specific channels, and the restrictions on certain frequencies, such as Channel 70, which is reserved for Digital Selective Calling (DSC).Electromagnetic Compatibility
Ensures that equipment meets EMC requirements to avoid interference with other radiocommunication services and onboard electronics, protecting both safety and communication efficiency at sea.
Applications
The scope of SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is focused on:
Maritime Mobile Service
Portable VHF radiotelephones used on pleasure boats, merchant vessels, fishing boats, and other non-SOLAS (non-GMDSS) maritime vessels for regular communication, fleet coordination, and routine operations.Onboard Communication
Facilitating reliable person-to-person communications on ships and between vessels and ports, pilotage, and mooring operations, especially where GMDSS equipment is not mandated.Equipment Certification and Compliance Testing
Serving as a technical reference for manufacturers, testing laboratories, and certification bodies to ensure device conformity with European radio and EMC regulations.Ship Safety and Crew Operations
Supporting safe maritime operations by ensuring that portable VHF radios provide robust and clear communication without risk of technical failures or inadvertent disruptions.
Related Standards
- EN 301 178-2: Harmonized standard under Article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive, complementing Part 1 by specifying the essential requirements for radio equipment.
- Radio Regulations, Appendix 18 (ITU-R): International guidelines for frequencies and channels allocated in the maritime VHF bands.
- ETSI ETS 300 225: Technical characteristics for survival craft portable VHF radiotelephone apparatus, relevant for comparison with non-GMDSS devices.
- ITU-T E.161: Specifications for digit, letter, and symbol arrangements on communication devices’ keypads, referenced for channel selector requirements.
- General Electromagnetic Compatibility Standards: For additional EMC requirements as applicable to shipboard electronics and other radiocommunication devices.
By following SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003, maritime equipment manufacturers and operators ensure safer, compliant, and interference-free VHF radiocommunication, contributing to efficient and reliable operations at sea.
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment for the maritime mobile service operating in the VHF bands (for non-GMDSS applications only); Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement". This standard covers: Editorial revision to include changes consequentto publishing EN 301 178-2
Editorial revision to include changes consequentto publishing EN 301 178-2
SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.060.99 - Other equipment for radiocommunications; 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general; 47.020.70 - Navigation and control equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment for the maritime mobile service operating in the VHF bands (for non-GMDSS applications only); Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement47.020.70Navigacijska in krmilna opremaNavigation and control equipment33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 178-1 Version 1.1.2SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)EuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);PortableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephoneequipmentforthemaritimemobileserviceoperatingintheVHFbands(fornon-GMDSSapplicationsonly);Part1:TechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementSIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)2ReferenceREN/ERM-RP01-040-1Keywordsmaritime,radioETSI650RoutedesLuciolesF-06921SophiaAntipolisCedex-FRANCETel.:+33492944200Fax:+33493654716SiretN°34862356200017-NAF742CAssociationàbutnonlucratifenregistréeàlaSous-PréfecturedeGrasse(06)N°7803/88ImportantnoticeIndividualcopiesofthepresentdocumentcanbedownloadedfrom:http://www.etsi.orgThepresentdocumentmaybemadeavailableinmorethanoneelectronicversionorinprint.Inanycaseofexistingorperceiveddifferenceincontentsbetweensuchversions,thereferenceversionisthePortableDocumentFormat(PDF).Incaseofdispute,thereferenceshallbetheprintingonETSIprintersofthePDFversionkeptonaspecificnetworkdrivewithinETSISecretariat.Usersofthepresentdocumentshouldbeawarethatthedocumentmaybesubjecttorevisionorchangeofstatus.InformationonthecurrentstatusofthisandotherETSIdocumentsisavailableathttp://www.etsi.org/tb/status/Ifyoufinderrorsinthepresentdocument,sendyourcommentto:editor@etsi.frCopyrightNotificationNopartmaybereproducedexceptasauthorizedbywrittenpermission.Thecopyrightandtheforegoingrestrictionextendtoreproductioninallmedia.©EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute2000.Allrightsreserved.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)3ContentsIntellectualPropertyRights.7Foreword.71Scope.82References.83Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations.93.1Definitions.93.2Symbols.93.3Abbreviations.94Generalandoperationalrequirements.94.1Construction.94.2Controlsandindicators.104.3Microphoneandloudspeaker.114.4Safetyprecautions.114.5Labelling.115Technicalrequirements.115.1Switchingtime.115.2Classofemissionandmodulationcharacteristics.116Generalconditionsofmeasurement.126.1ArrangementsforRFconnectionstotheequipment.126.1.1RFconnectionstointegralantennaequipment.126.1.2RFconnectiontoequipmentwithadetachableantenna.126.2Arrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothereceiverinput.126.3Squelch.126.4Normaltestmodulation.126.5Artificialantenna.126.6Arrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothetransmitterinput.126.7Testchannels.126.8Measurementuncertaintyandinterpretationofthemeasuredresults.136.8.1Measurementuncertainty.136.8.2Interpretationofthemeasurementresults.136.9Testconditions,powersourcesandambienttemperatures.136.9.1Normalandextremetestconditions.136.9.2Testpowersource.146.10Normaltestconditions.146.10.1Normaltemperatureandhumidity.146.10.2Normalpowersources.146.10.2.1Batterypowersource.146.10.2.2Otherpowersources.146.11Extremetestconditions.146.11.1Extremetemperatures.146.11.2Extremevaluesoftestpowersources.156.11.2.1Batterypowersource.156.11.2.2Otherpowersources.156.12Procedurefortestsatextremetemperatures.157Environmentaltests.157.1Procedure.157.2Performancecheck.157.3Droptest.157.3.1Definition.157.3.2Methodofmeasurement.167.3.3Requirement.167.4Temperaturetests.16SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)47.4.1Definition.167.4.2Dryheat.167.4.2.1Definition.167.4.2.2Methodofmeasurement.167.4.2.3Requirement.167.4.3Dampheat.167.4.3.1Definition.167.4.3.2Methodofmeasurement.177.4.3.3Requirement.177.4.4Lowtemperaturecycle.177.4.4.1Definition.177.4.4.2Methodofmeasurement.177.4.4.3Requirement.178Transmitter.178.1Frequencyerror.178.1.1Definition.178.1.2Methodofmeasurement.188.1.3Limits.188.2Carrierpower.188.2.1Definitions.188.2.2Methodofmeasurement.188.2.3Limits,Normalandextremetestconditions.188.3Frequencydeviation.188.3.1Definition.188.3.2Maximumpermissiblefrequencydeviation.188.3.2.1Methodofmeasurement.188.3.2.2Limits.198.3.3Reductionoffrequencydeviationatmodulationfrequenciesabove3kHz.198.3.3.1Methodofmeasurement.198.3.3.2Limits.198.4Sensitivityofthemodulator,includingmicrophone.208.4.1Definition.208.4.2Methodofmeasurement.208.4.3Limits.208.5Audiofrequencyresponse.208.5.1Definition.208.5.2Methodofmeasurement.208.5.3Limit.208.6Audiofrequencyharmonicdistortionoftheemission.218.6.1Definition.218.6.2Methodofmeasurement.218.6.2.1Normaltestconditions.218.6.2.2Extremetestconditions.228.6.3Limits.228.7Adjacentchannelpower.228.7.1Definition.228.7.2Methodofmeasurement.228.7.3Limits.228.8Conductedspuriousemissionsconveyedtotheantenna.238.8.1Definition.238.8.2Methodofmeasurement.238.8.3Limit.238.9Cabinetradiationandconductedspuriousemissionsotherthanthoseconveyedtotheantenna.238.9.1Definitions.238.9.2Methodofmeasurement.238.9.3Limits.248.10Residualmodulationofthetransmitter.248.10.1Definition.248.10.2Methodofmeasurement.258.10.3Limit.25SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)58.11Transientfrequencybehaviourofthetransmitter.258.11.1Definitions.258.11.2Methodofmeasurement.268.11.3Limits.279Receiver.299.1Harmonicdistortionandratedaudiofrequencyoutputpower.299.1.1Definition.299.1.2Methodsofmeasurement.299.1.3Limits.299.2Audiofrequencyresponse.299.2.1Definition.299.2.2Methodofmeasurement.299.2.3Limits.309.3Maximumusablesensitivity.319.3.1Definition.319.3.2Methodofmeasurement.319.3.3Limits.319.4Co-channelrejection.319.4.1Definition.319.4.2Methodofmeasurement.319.4.3Limit.329.5Adjacentchannelselectivity.329.5.1Definition.329.5.2Methodofmeasurement.329.5.3Limits.329.6Spuriousresponserejection.329.6.1Definition.329.6.2Methodofmeasurement.329.6.3Limit.339.7Intermodulationresponse.339.7.1Definition.339.7.2Methodofmeasurement.339.7.3Limit.339.8Blockingordesensitization.339.8.1Definition.339.8.2Methodofmeasurement.349.8.3Limit.349.9Conductedspuriousemissions.349.9.1Definition.349.9.2Methodofmeasurement.349.9.3Limit.349.10Radiatedspuriousemissions.349.10.1Definition.349.10.2Methodofmeasurements.359.10.3Limit.359.11Receivernoiseandhumlevel.369.11.1Definition.369.11.2Methodofmeasurement.369.11.3Limit.369.12Squelchoperation.369.12.1Definition.369.12.2Methodofmeasurement.369.12.3Limits.379.13Squelchhysteresis.379.13.1Definition.379.13.2Methodofmeasurement.379.13.3Limit.37SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)6AnnexA(normative):Measuringreceiverforadjacentchannelpowermeasurement.38A.1Powermeasuringreceiverspecification.38A.1.1IFfilter.38A.1.2Attenuationindicator.39A.1.3Rmsvalueindicator.39A.1.4Oscillatorandamplifier.39AnnexB(normative):Radiatedmeasurements.40B.1Testsitesandgeneralarrangementsformeasurementsinvolvingtheuseofradiatedfields.40B.1.1Outdoortestsite.40B.1.2Testantenna.40B.1.3Substitutionantenna.41B.1.4Optionaladditionalindoorsite.41B.2Guidanceontheuseofradiationtestsites.42B.2.1Measuringdistance.42B.2.2Testantenna.42B.2.3Substitutionantenna.42B.2.4Artificialantenna.43B.2.5Auxiliarycables.43B.2.6Acousticmeasuringarrangement.43B.3Furtheroptionalalternativeindoortestsiteusingananechoicchamber.43B.3.1Exampleoftheconstructionofashieldedanechoicchamber.44B.3.2Influenceofparasiticreflectionsinanechoicchambers.44B.3.3Calibrationoftheshieldedanechoicchamber.45History.47SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)7IntellectualPropertyRightsIPRsessentialorpotentiallyessentialtothepresentdocumentmayhavebeendeclaredtoETSI.TheinformationpertainingtotheseessentialIPRs,ifany,ispubliclyavailableforETSImembersandnon-members,andcanbefoundinETSISR000314:"IntellectualPropertyRights(IPRs);Essential,orpotentiallyEssential,IPRsnotifiedtoETSIinrespectofETSIstandards",whichisavailablefromtheETSISecretariat.LatestupdatesareavailableontheETSIWebserver(http://www.etsi.org/ipr).PursuanttotheETSIIPRPolicy,noinvestigation,includingIPRsearches,hasbeencarriedoutbyETSI.NoguaranteecanbegivenastotheexistenceofotherIPRsnotreferencedinETSISR000314(ortheupdatesontheETSIWebserver)whichare,ormaybe,ormaybecome,essentialtothepresentdocument.ForewordThisEuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)hasbeenproducedbyETSITechnicalCommitteeElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM).Thepresentdocumentispart1ofamulti-partENcoveringtheElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);PortableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephoneequipmentforthemaritimemobileserviceoperatingintheVHFbands(fornon-GMDSSapplicationsonly),asidentifiedbelow:Part1:"Technicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurement";Part2:"HarmonizedENunderarticle3.2oftheR&TTEDirective".NationaltranspositiondatesDateoflatestannouncementofthisEN(doa):31October2000DateoflatestpublicationofnewNationalStandardorendorsementofthisEN(dop/e):30April2001DateofwithdrawalofanyconflictingNationalStandard(dow):30April2001SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)81ScopeThepresentdocumentstatestheminimumtechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementrequiredforportableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephonesnotprovidingmaritimedistressandsafetycommunicationsfunctions(i.e.notformingpartoftheGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem(GMDSS))operatinginthebandsbetween156MHzand174MHzallocatedtothemaritimemobileservicesbytheRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1].Thepresentdocumentalsospecifiestechnicalcharacteristics,methodsofmeasurementandrequiredtestresults.2ReferencesThefollowingdocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthepresentdocument.• Referencesareeitherspecific(identifiedbydateofpublication,editionnumber,versionnumber,etc.)ornon-specific.• Foraspecificreference,subsequentrevisionsdonotapply.• Foranon-specificreference,thelatestversionapplies.• Anon-specificreferencetoanETSshallalsobetakentorefertolaterversionspublishedasanENwiththesamenumber.[1]RadioRegulations,Appendix18(1990):"TableofTransmittingFrequenciesintheBand156-174MHzforStationsintheMaritimeMobileService".[2]ITU-TRecommendationE.161(1993):"Arrangementofdigits,lettersandsymbolsontelephonesandotherdevicesthatcanbeusedforgainingaccesstoatelephonenetwork".[3]ITU-RRecommendationM.493-9(1997):"Digitalselective-callingsystemforuseinthemaritimemobileservice".[4]ITU-RRecommendationM.541-8(1997):"Operationalproceduresfortheuseofdigitalselective-callingequipmentinthemaritimemobileservice".[5]ETSIETS300225:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);TechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementforsurvivalcraftportableVHFradiotelephoneapparatus".[6]ITU-TRecommendationP.53(1994):"Psophometerforuseontelephone-typecircuits".[7]ITU-RRecommendationSM332-4:"Selectivityofreceivers".[8]ETSIETR028:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);Uncertaintiesinthemeasurementofmobileradioequipmentcharacteristics".SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)93Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations3.1DefinitionsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply:integralantenna:antennathatispermanentlyfixedtotheequipmentandnotdetachablebytheuser.detachableantenna:antennafixedtotheequipmentbymeansofanantennaconnectoranddetachablebytheuser.G3E:phase-modulation(frequencymodulationwithapre-emphasisof6dB/octave)forspeech.modulationindex:ratiobetweenthefrequencydeviationandthemodulationfrequency.performancecheck:checkof:-thetransmittercarrierpowerandfrequency;and-receiversensitivity.3.2SymbolsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingsymbolsapply:dBARelativeto2x10-5PaemfElectromotiveforce3.3AbbreviationsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingabbreviationsapply:DSCDigitalSelectiveCallingEUTEquipmentUnderTestGMDSSGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystemrmsrootmeansquareSINAD(Signal+Noise+Distortion)/(Noise+Distortion)VHFVeryHighFrequency4Generalandoperationalrequirements4.1ConstructionThemanufacturershalldeclarethatcompliancetotherequirementsofclause4isachievedandshallproviderelevantdocumentation.Themechanicalandelectricalconstructionandfinishoftheequipmentshallconforminallrespectstogoodengineeringpractice,andtheequipmentshallbesuitableforuseonboardships.Allcontrolsshallbeofsufficientsizetoenabletheusualcontrolfunctionstobeeasilyperformedandthenumberofcontrolsshouldbetheminimumnecessaryforsimpleandsatisfactoryoperation.Allpartsoftheequipmenttobecheckedduringinspectionormaintenanceoperationsshallbereadilyaccessible.Thecomponentsshallbereadilyidentifiable.Technicaldocumentationshallbesuppliedwiththeequipment.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)10TheVHFmaritimemobileserviceusesbothsingle-frequencyandtwo-frequencychannels.Fortwo-frequencychannelsthereshallbeaseparationof4,6MHzbetweenthetransmittingfrequencyandthereceivingfrequency(seeRadioRegulationsAppendix18[1]).Theequipment,whichcanconsistofmorethanoneunit,shallbecapableofoperatingonsinglefrequencyandtwo-frequencychannelswithmanualcontrol(simplex).TheequipmentshallbeofacolourwhichdistinguishesitfromtheportableVHFequipmentspecifiedinETS300225[5].TheequipmentshallbeabletooperateonallchannelsdefinedinRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1].Operationonchannels75and76shallberestrictedtoamaximumtransmittedpowerof1W.AdditionalVHFchannelsoutsidethosedefinedbyRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1]mayalsobeprovided,butmeansshallbeprovidedtoblockanychannel,includingAppendix18channels.Itshallnotbepossiblefortheusertounblockorblockanychannels.Scanormultiplewatchmaybeprovidedbutmeansshallbeprovidedtoblockorunblockthesefunctions.Iftheequipmentisfittedwithanauxiliaryantennaconnector,simultaneousconnectionofboththeauxiliaryantennaandthenormalantennashallbeprevented.Theequipmentshallbesodesignedthatuseofchannel70forpurposesotherthanDigitalSelectiveCalling(DSC)isprevented(seeITU-RRecommendationM.493-9[3]andITU-RRecommendationM.541–8[4]).Itshallnotbepossibletotransmitwhileanyfrequencysynthesizerusedwithinthetransmitterisoutoflock.Itshallnotbepossibletotransmitduringchannelswitchingoperations.4.2ControlsandindicatorsTheequipmentshallhaveachannelselectorandshallindicatethedesignator,asshowninRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1],ofthechannelatwhichtheequipmentisset.Thechanneldesignatorshallbelegibleirrespectiveoftheexternallightingconditions.Whereaninputpanelontheequipmentforenteringthedigits0to9isprovided,thisshallconformtoITU-TRecommendationE.161[2].Theequipmentshallhavethefollowingadditionalcontrolsandindicators:-on/offswitchfortheequipmentwithavisualindicationthattheequipmentisinoperation;-amanual,non-lockingpushtotalkswitchtooperatethetransmitter;-aswitchforreducingtransmitteroutputpowertonomorethan1WwheretheRFoutputpowerismorethan1watt;-anaudiofrequencypowervolumecontrol;-asquelchcontrol;-avisualindicationthatthetransmitterisactivated.Theequipmentshallalsomeetthefollowingrequirements:-theusershallnothaveaccesstoanycontrolwhich,ifwronglyset,mightimpairthetechnicalcharacteristicsoftheequipment.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)114.3MicrophoneandloudspeakerTheequipmentshallbefittedwithanintegralmicrophoneandanintegralloudspeaker.Duringtransmissionthereceiveroutputshallbemuted.4.4SafetyprecautionsMeasuresshallbetakentoprotecttheequipmentagainsttheeffectsofovercurrentorovervoltage.Measuresshallbetakentopreventdamagetotheequipmentthatmightarisefromanaccidentalreversalofpolarityoftheelectricalpowersource.Nodamagetotheequipmentshalloccurwhentheantennaterminalsareplacedonopencircuitorshortcircuitwhiletransmittingforaperiodofatleast5minutesineachcase.Inordertoprovideprotectionagainstdamageduetothebuildupofstaticvoltagesattheantennaterminals,thereshallbeadcpathfromtheantennaterminalstochassisnotexceeding100kΩ.Theinformationinanyvolatilememorydeviceshallbeprotectedfrominterruptionsinthepowersupplyofupto60sduration.4.5LabellingAllcontrols,instruments,indicatorsandterminalsshallbeclearlylabelled.Detailsofanyexternalpowersupplyfromwhichtheequipmentisintendedtooperateshallbeclearlyindicatedontheequipment.Theequipmentshallbeclearlyandindeliblymarkedontheexteriorwiththeidentificationofthemanufacturer,typedesignationoftheequipment,theserialnumberoftheunitandthetext:"Notintendedfordistressandsafetypurposes".Thecompasssafedistanceshallbestatedontheequipment.5Technicalrequirements5.1SwitchingtimeThechannelswitchingarrangementshallbesuchthatthetimenecessarytochangeoverfromusingoneofthechannelstousinganyotherchanneldoesnotexceed5s.Thetimenecessarytochangeoverfromtransmissiontoreceptionorviceversa,shallnotexceed0,3s.5.2ClassofemissionandmodulationcharacteristicsTheequipmentshallusephasemodulation,G3E(frequencymodulationwithapre-emphasisof6dB/octave)forspeech.Theequipmentshallbedesignedtooperatesatisfactorilywithachannelseparationof25kHz.Thefrequencydeviationcorrespondingto100%modulationshallbe±5kHzasnearlyaspracticable.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)126Generalconditionsofmeasurement6.1ArrangementsforRFconnectionstotheequipment6.1.1RFconnectionstointegralantennaequipmentForequipmentwithoutanantennaconnector,themanufacturershallpreparetheequipmentwithatemporary50ohmconnectortobeusedastheRFinput/outputport.6.1.2RFconnectiontoequipmentwithadetachableantennaEquipmenthavinganantennaconnectorshallbetestedusingtheantennaconnectorastheRFinput/outputport.Inthecasewhereequipmenthasmorethanoneantennaconnector,theconnectornormallyusedtoconnecttheportableantennatotheequipmentshallbeused.6.2ArrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothereceiverinputTestsignalsourcesshallbeconnectedtothereceiverinputinsuchawaythattheimpedancepresentedtothereceiverinputis50Ω,irrespectiveofwhetheroneormoretestsignalsareappliedtothereceiversimultaneously.Thelevelsofthetestsignalsshallbeexpressedintermsoftheemfattheterminalstobeconnectedtothereceiver.Thenominalfrequencyofthereceiveristhecarrierfrequencyoftheselectedchannel.6.3SquelchUnlessotherwisespecified,thereceiversquelchfacilityshallbemadeinoperativeforthedurationoftheconformancetests.6.4NormaltestmodulationFornormaltestmodulation,themodulationfrequencyshallbe1kHzandthefrequencydeviationshallbe±3kHz.6.5ArtificialantennaWhentestsarecarriedoutwithanartificialantenna,thisshallbeanon-reactive,non-radiating50Ωload.6.6ArrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothetransmitterinputForthepurposeofthepresentdocument,theaudiofrequencymodulatingsignalappliedtothetransmittershallbeproducedbyasignalgeneratorappliedtotheconnectionterminalsreplacingthemicrophonetransducer.6.7TestchannelsTestsshallbemadeonchannel16unlessotherwisestated.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003
ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)136.8Measurementuncertaintyandinterpretationofthemeasuredresults6.8.1MeasurementuncertaintyTable1:Absolutemeasurementuncertainties:maximumvaluesParameterMaximumuncertaintyRFfrequency±1x10-7RFpower±0,75dBMaximumfrequencydeviation:-within300Hzto6kHzofmodulationfrequency-within6kHzto25kHzofmodulationfrequency±5%±3dBDeviationlimitation±5%Adjacentchannelpower±5dBConductedspuriousemissionoftransmitter±4dBAudiooutputpower±0,5dBAmplitudecharacteristicsofreceiverlimiter±1,5dBSensitivityat20dBSINAD±3dBConductedemissionofreceiver±3dBTwo-signalmeasurement±4dBThree-signalmeasurement±3dBRadiatedemissionoftransmitter±6dBRadiatedemissionofreceiver±6dBTransmittertransienttime±20%Transmittertransientfrequency±250HzReceiverdesensitization(duplexoperation)±0,5dB6.8.2InterpretationofthemeasurementresultsTheinterpretationoftheresultsrecordedinatestreportforthemeasurementsdescribedinthepresentdocumentshallbeasfollows:-themeasuredvaluerelatedtothecorrespondinglimitwillbeusedtodecidewhetheranequipmentmeetstherequirementsofthepresentdocument;-thevalueofthemeasurementuncertaintyforthemeasurementofeachparametershallbeincludedinthetestreport;-therecordedvalueofthemeasurementuncertaintyshallbe,foreachmeasurement,equaltoorlowerthanthefiguresintable1.Forthetestmethods,accordingtothepresentdocument,themeasurementuncertaintyfiguresshallbecalculatedinaccordancewithETR028[8]andshallcorrespondtoanexpansionfactor(coveragefactor)k=1,96ork=2(whichprovideconfidencelevelsofrespectively95%and95,45%inthecase
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