SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
(Main)Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 1 (GSM 02.60 version 6.3.1 Release 1997)
General Information
- Abstract
SUBJECT Allowing re-negotiation of the QoS parameters for throughput during a session improves the flexibility of network operation and increases the quality of service perceived by the user. Requirement for the MS to inform the network of its GPRS class is not appropriate for the stage 1 and should be left for the stage 2 to determine. The three MS classes A, B, C remain unchanged. Clarification of the GPRS Attach characteristics. A GPRS-Attach shall be succesfully performed only if the subscriber has a valid GPRS subscription. SA#05 SP-99440 SP-99479 A021 A023 6.3.0 Class B mode of operation GPRS Stage 1 removal of example
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Nov-2003
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Due Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Completion Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Mandate
- BC-T-330
Overview
SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003 outlines the Stage 1 service description for the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) within the digital cellular telecommunications system (GSM Phase 2+), aligning with GSM 02.60 version 6.3.1 (Release 1997). Published by the Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo (SIST), this standard defines the overall GPRS service from the user and subscriber perspective, with a core focus on enabling packet-switched data capabilities in GSM networks.
This document establishes the foundational requirements and outlines the basic functional expectations for GPRS services. It addresses aspects relevant to network operators, service providers, and equipment manufacturers, emphasizing service flexibility, session management, and subscriber validation.
Key Topics
- GPRS Service Framework: Describes the Point-to-Point data bearer services, enabling efficient packet-switching and delivery of both frequent small data packets and infrequent larger transmissions.
- Quality of Service (QoS): Introduces renegotiable QoS parameters for throughput during sessions, allowing for better flexibility and improved user experience.
- GPRS Attach Procedures: Clarifies that GPRS attach operations are successful only with a valid GPRS subscription, ensuring robust subscriber management and access control.
- Mobile Station (MS) Classes: Retains the classification of MS devices (Classes A, B, and C), which define how devices are allowed to use GPRS and GSM services.
- Service Interworking and Access Points: Discusses network interworking for roaming and support for external data networks, ensuring GPRS compatibility with the broader data ecosystem.
- Session Flexibility: Highlights mechanisms for real-time renegotiation of service parameters to achieve optimal data transfer rates and dynamic network allocation.
Applications
GPRS on GSM networks plays a vital role in modern mobile communications by supporting a wide range of data-driven applications, including:
- Mobile Internet Access: Facilitates basic web browsing and email services where higher data rates are not required.
- Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications: Ideal for applications with intermittent, low-volume data transmissions such as smart metering, fleet tracking, and telemetry.
- Instant Messaging and Real-time Communication: Enables mobile messaging, chat services, and low-latency application data exchange.
- Mobile Roaming for Data Services: Allows users to maintain data connectivity across different mobile networks while traveling, benefitting international business and travelers.
- Transactional Applications: Supports critical mobile transactions such as mobile payments, credit card authorizations, and remote monitoring.
Related Standards
For comprehensive GPRS and GSM implementation, the following standards should be referenced alongside SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003:
- GSM 02.01: Principles of telecommunication services in GSM networks.
- GSM 04.02: GSM PLMN access reference configuration.
- ITU-T X.25/X.28/X.29: Packet-switched network interfaces and protocols.
- ISO 8208, ISO 8348, ISO 8473: Information processing and networking protocols for packet-switched communication.
- GSM 02.17, GSM 02.30: Subscriber identity modules and man-machine interface standards.
These related documents provide essential context and technical detail supporting GPRS service integration, network security, subscriber management, and interoperability with other networks and protocols.
By implementing the requirements of SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003, telecommunications stakeholders can ensure robust, efficient, and interoperable GPRS services within GSM networks, facilitating the ongoing evolution of mobile data communications.
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 1 (GSM 02.60 version 6.3.1 Release 1997)". This standard covers: SUBJECT Allowing re-negotiation of the QoS parameters for throughput during a session improves the flexibility of network operation and increases the quality of service perceived by the user. Requirement for the MS to inform the network of its GPRS class is not appropriate for the stage 1 and should be left for the stage 2 to determine. The three MS classes A, B, C remain unchanged. Clarification of the GPRS Attach characteristics. A GPRS-Attach shall be succesfully performed only if the subscriber has a valid GPRS subscription. SA#05 SP-99440 SP-99479 A021 A023 6.3.0 Class B mode of operation GPRS Stage 1 removal of example
SUBJECT Allowing re-negotiation of the QoS parameters for throughput during a session improves the flexibility of network operation and increases the quality of service perceived by the user. Requirement for the MS to inform the network of its GPRS class is not appropriate for the stage 1 and should be left for the stage 2 to determine. The three MS classes A, B, C remain unchanged. Clarification of the GPRS Attach characteristics. A GPRS-Attach shall be succesfully performed only if the subscriber has a valid GPRS subscription. SA#05 SP-99440 SP-99479 A021 A023 6.3.0 Class B mode of operation GPRS Stage 1 removal of example
SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 33.070.50 - Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003 is associated with the following European legislation: Standardization Mandates: BC-T-330. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description; Stage 1 (GSM 02.60 version 6.3.1 Release 1997)33.070.50Globalni sistem za mobilno telekomunikacijo (GSM)Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 113 Version 6.3.1SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)EuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);GeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS);Servicedescription;Stage1(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)GLOBALSYSTEMFORMOBILECOMMUNICATIONSRSIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)2(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)ReferenceREN/TSGS-010260Q6R2KeywordsDigitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem,GlobalSystemforMobilecommunications(GSM)ETSI650RoutedesLuciolesF-06921SophiaAntipolisCedex-FRANCETel.:+33492944200Fax:+33493654716SiretN°34862356200017-NAF742CAssociationàbutnonlucratifenregistréeàlaSous-PréfecturedeGrasse(06)N°7803/88ImportantnoticeIndividualcopiesofthepresentdocumentcanbedownloadedfrom:http://www.etsi.orgThepresentdocumentmaybemadeavailableinmorethanoneelectronicversionorinprint.Inanycaseofexistingorperceiveddifferenceincontentsbetweensuchversions,thereferenceversionisthePortableDocumentFormat(PDF).Incaseofdispute,thereferenceshallbetheprintingonETSIprintersofthePDFversionkeptonaspecificnetworkdrivewithinETSISecretariat.Usersofthepresentdocumentshouldbeawarethatthedocumentmaybesubjecttorevisionorchangeofstatus.InformationonthecurrentstatusofthisandotherETSIdocumentsisavailableathttp://www.etsi.org/tb/status/Ifyoufinderrorsinthepresentdocument,sendyourcommentto:editor@etsi.frCopyrightNotificationNopartmaybereproducedexceptasauthorizedbywrittenpermission.Thecopyrightandtheforegoingrestrictionextendtoreproductioninallmedia.©EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute2000.Allrightsreserved.SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)3(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)ContentsIntellectualPropertyRights.5Foreword.51Scope.62References.73Definitionsandabbreviations.83.1Definitions.83.2Abbreviations.134Applicability.135Description.135.1GPRSreferencemodel.145.1.1Bearerservices.155.1.2Teleservices.155.1.3GPRSAccessPoints.165.2GPRSservicedescription.165.2.1Point-To-PointConnectionlessNetworkService(PTP-CLNS).175.2.2Point-To-PointConnectionOrientatedNetworkService(PTP-CONS).175.3TransferCharacteristics.175.4Servicecharacteristics.185.4.1Subscriberprofile.185.4.2QualityofService(QoS).185.4.2.1QoSparameterdefinitions.195.4.2.1.1Serviceprecedence(priority).195.4.2.1.2Reliability.195.4.2.1.3Delay.195.4.2.1.4Throughput.205.4.2.2QoSprofile.205.4.2.3Monitor.205.4.3Securityservices.215.4.4Packetsize.215.4.5GPRSMSModesofOperation.215.4.6Subscriberroaming.235.4.7ConstructionofGPRSsubscribernumbers.235.4.8Batterylifeextension.235.4.9FormatOfMessageUserData.235.4.10Chargingaspects.235.4.10.1PTPcharginginformation.235.4.10.2ReverseCharging.245.4.11MessageScreening.246Normalprocedureswithsuccessfuloutcome.246.1Provision.246.2Withdrawal.246.3GPRS-Attach,GPRS-Detach.256.4Registration.256.5Erasure.266.6Interrogation.266.7Activation.266.8De-activation.266.9Invocationandoperation.266.10PINandPasswordManagement.277Exceptionalprocedures.277.1Provision.277.2Withdrawal.27SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)4(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)7.3Registration.277.4Erasure.277.5Interrogation.277.6Activation.287.7De-activation.287.8Invocationandoperation.287.9PINandPasswordmanagement.288Addressing.289Void.2810Serviceinterworking.2811Networkinterworking.2911.1InterworkingwithotherdatanetworksandotherPLMNs.2911.1.1QoSwhenInterworking.2911.2GPRSNumberingPlan.2911.3Addressingandrouteingrequirements.2911.4Interworkingforsubscriberroaming.30AnnexA(informative):ChangeRequestHistory.31History.32SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)5(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)IntellectualPropertyRightsIPRsessentialorpotentiallyessentialtothepresentdocumentmayhavebeendeclaredtoETSI.TheinformationpertainingtotheseessentialIPRs,ifany,ispubliclyavailableforETSImembersandnon-members,andcanbefoundinETSISR000314:"IntellectualPropertyRights(IPRs);Essential,orpotentiallyEssential,IPRsnotifiedtoETSIinrespectofETSIstandards",whichisavailablefromtheETSISecretariat.LatestupdatesareavailableontheETSIWebserver(http://www.etsi.org/ipr).PursuanttotheETSIIPRPolicy,noinvestigation,includingIPRsearches,hasbeencarriedoutbyETSI.NoguaranteecanbegivenastotheexistenceofotherIPRsnotreferencedinETSISR000314(ortheupdatesontheETSIWebserver)whichare,ormaybe,ormaybecome,essentialtothepresentdocument.ForewordThisEuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)hasbeenproducedbyETSITechnicalCommitteeSpecialMobileGroup(SMG).InanalogywithCCITTRecommendationsI.130,thefirststageofthefollowingthreelevelstructureisusedtodescribethetelecommunicationsservicesasprovidedbyEuropeanpublictelecommunicationsoperators:Stage1isanoverallservicedescription,fromtheservicesubscriber'sanduser'sstandpoint;Stage2identifiesthefunctionalcapabilitiesandinformationflowsneededtosupporttheservicedescribedinstage1;andStage3definesthesignallingsystemprotocolsandswitchingfunctionsneededtoimplementtheservicedescribedinstage1.Thepresentdocumentdetailsthestage1aspects(overallservicedescription)fortheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)onGlobalSystemforMobilecommunications(GSM)networks.ThecontentsofthepresentdocumentaresubjecttocontinuingworkwithinSMGandmaychangefollowingformalSMGapproval.ShouldSMGmodifythecontentsofthepresentdocumentitwillthenbere-submittedforOAPwithanidentifyingchangeofreleasedateandanincreaseinversionnumberasfollows:Version6.x.ywhere:6indicatesGSMRelease1997ofPhase2+.xtheseconddigitisincrementedforallothertypesofchanges,i.e.technicalenhancements,corrections,updates,etc.ythethirddigitisincrementedwheneditorialonlychangeshavebeenincorporatedinthespecification.NationaltranspositiondatesDateofadoptionofthisEN:17November2000DateoflatestannouncementofthisEN(doa):28February2001DateoflatestpublicationofnewNationalStandardorendorsementofthisEN(dop/e):31August2001DateofwithdrawalofanyconflictingNationalStandard(dow):31August2001SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)6(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)1ScopeThepresentdocumentdefinesthestageonedescriptionoftheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)onGlobalSystemforMobilecommunications(GSM)networks.Stageoneisanoverallservicedescription,primarilyfromtheservicesubscriber'sanduser'spointsofview,butdoesnotdealwiththedetailsofthehumaninterfaceitself.Thepresentdocumentincludesinformationapplicabletonetworkoperators,serviceprovidersandterminal,switchanddatabasemanufacturers.ThepresentdocumentcontainsthecorerequirementsfortheGPRSonGSM,whicharesufficienttoprovideacompleteservice.Thepresentdocumentalsodocumentssomeadditionalrequirementswhichmaybeimplemented(butdonothavetobeimplemented).Inaddition,additionalfunctionality'snotdocumentedinthepresentdocumentmaybeimplemented.Therequirementsofwhichareconsideredoutsidethescopeofthepresentdocumentandconsequentlyoutsidethescopeofthecorrespondingstage2andstage3specifications.Thisadditionalfunctionalitymaybeonanetwork-widebasis,orparticulartooneoragroupofusers.Suchadditionalfunctionalityshallnotcompromiseconformancetothecorerequirementsoftheservice.TheinterfacebetweentheMobileStation(MS)andanyexternalapplicationsareoutsidethescopeofthepresentdocument.Chargingprinciplesareoutsidethescopeofthepresentdocument,unlessspecificservicerequirementsarestated.Theserequirementsdealwiththeallocationofcertaincallchargestoparticularusers.AlaterphaseofGPRSmayincludeinterworkingwithcircuitswitchednetworks(e.g.PSTN,ISDN)andmayemulatecertaincircuitswitchedservices.Theseaspectsareoutsidethescopeofthisversionofthepresentdocument.NOTE:ThepresentdocumentincludesrequirementsforGPRSphase1(Rel'97).ThefirstphaseofstandardsspecifiedwillprovideabasicfunctionalGPRSservice.Phase1GPRSsupports:-PTP-UserInterworkingforPTPTCP/IP.-X.28fromMStoGGSN;X.25fromGGSNtoexternalPDNs.InternalNetworkInterfaces:-Gn-GSNbackbonenetwork-Gb-BSStoSGSN-Gr-SGSNtoHLR-Gp-PLMNtoPLMN(ieroaming)-Gs-SGSNtoMSC-ExternalReferencepointGiforconnectingviaTCP/IPandX.25-Identities-SecurityIssues-forPTPandroaming-ChargingIssues-OperatorCallBarringandTermination,OperatorCallScreening-PTMradiointerfaceinpreparationforphase2.-AnonymousaccessSIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)7(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)-SupportofSMS-MOand-MTviaGPRS(note:SMS-CBnotsupportedinphase1).2ReferencesThefollowingdocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthepresentdocument.• Referencesareeitherspecific(identifiedbydateofpublication,editionnumber,versionnumber,etc.)ornon-specific.• Foraspecificreference,subsequentrevisionsdonotapply.• Foranon-specificreference,thelatestversionapplies.• Anon-specificreferencetoanETSshallalsobetakentorefertolaterversionspublishedasanENwiththesamenumber.• ForthisRelease1997document,referencestoGSMdocumentsareforRelease1997versions(version6.x.y).[1]GSM02.01:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);PrinciplesoftelecommunicationservicessupportedbyaGSMPublicLandMobileNetwork(PLMN)".[2]GSM04.02:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);GSMPublicLandMobileNetwork(PLMN)accessreferenceconfiguration".[3]ITU-TRecommendationX.25:"Interfacebetweendataterminalequipment(DTE)anddatacircuit-terminatingequipment(DCE)forterminalsoperatinginthepacketmodeandconnectedtopublicdatanetworksbydedicatedcircuit".[4]ISO8208:"Informationprocessingsystems-datacommunications-X.25packetlevelprotocolfordataterminalequipment".[5]ISO8348:"Informationprocessingsystems-datacommunications-networkservicedefinition".[6]ISO8473:"Informationtechnology-protocolforprovidingtheconnectionlessmodenetworkservice".[7]ISO8878:"Informationprocessingsystems-datacommunications-useofX.25toprovidetheOSIconnection-modenetworkservice".[8]InternetSTD5:RFC791:Internetprotocol,RFC950:"Internetstandardsubnettingprocedure",RFC919:"Broadcastinginternetdatagrams",RFC922:"Broadcastinginternetdatagramsinthepresenceofsubnets",RFC792:"Internetcontrolmessageprotocol",RFC1112:"HostextensionsforIPmulticasting"RFC1122:"RequirementsforInternethosts-communicationlayers".RFC1920:"Internetofficialprotocolstandards",RFC1458:"Requirementsformulticastprotocols",RFC1301:"Multicasttransportprotocol".[9]ITU-TRecommendationX.3:"PacketAssembly/Disassemblyfacility(PAD)inapublicdatanetwork".[10]ITU-TRecommendationX.28:"DTE/DCEinterfaceforastart-stopmodeDataTerminalEquipmentaccessingthePacketAssembly/Disassemblyfacility(PAD)inapublicdatanetworksituatedinthesamecountry".X.28Add.1(7/94)Addendum1toRecommendationX.28toenableMAPsupportinaccordancewithRecommendationX.8.[11]ITU-TRecommendationX.29:"ProceduresfortheexchangeofcontrolinformationanduserdatabetweenaPacketAssembly/Disassembly(PAD)facilityandapacketmodeDTEoranotherPAD".[12]ITU-TRecommendationX.75:"Packet-switchedsignallingsystembetweenpublicnetworksprovidingdatatransmissionservices".SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)8(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)[13]BellcoreGR-000301Issue2,1997:"PublicPacketSwitchedNetworkGenericRequirements(PPSNGR)".[14]ITU-TRecommendationX.121:"Internationalnumberingplanforpublicdatanetworks".[15]ITU-TRecommendationX.136:"Accuracyanddependabilityperformancevaluesforpublicdatanetworkswhenprovidinginternationalpacket-switchedservices".[16]ITU-TRecommendationX.137:"Availabilityperformancevaluesforpublicdatanetworkswhenprovidinginternationalpacket-switchedservices".[17]GSM02.68:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);VoiceGroupCallService(VGCS)-Stage1".[18]GSM02.06:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);TypesofMobileStations(MS)".[19]GSM02.04:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);Generalonsupplementaryservices".[20]GSM02.30:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);Man-MachineInterface(MMI)oftheMobileStation(MS)".[21]GSM02.17:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);SubscriberIdentityModules(SIM)Functionalcharacteristics".[22]GSM03.68:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);VoiceGroupCallService(VGCS)-Stage2".[23]GSM04.68:"Digitalcellulartelecommunicationssystem(Phase2+);GroupCallControl(GCC)protocol".3Definitionsandabbreviations3.1DefinitionsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.Aaccessdelay:Valueofelapsedtimebetweenanaccessrequestandasuccessfulaccess(source:ITU-TX.140).accessprotocol:Definedsetofproceduresthatisadoptedataninterfaceataspecifiedreferencepointbetweenauserandanetworktoenabletheusertoemploytheservicesand/orfacilitiesofthatnetwork(source:ITU-TI.112).accuracy:Performancecriterionthatdescribesthedegreeofcorrectnesswithwhichafunctionisperformed.(Thefunctionmayormaynotbeperformedwiththedesiredspeed.)(source:ITU-TI.350).Bbasicservice:Telecommunicationservicesexcludingthesupplementaryservices(source:GSM01.04).bearerservice:Typeoftelecommunicationservicethatprovidesthecapabilityforthetransmissionofsignalsbetweenuser-networkinterfaces(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).besteffortservice:Servicemodelwhichprovidesminimalperformanceguarantees,allowinganunspecifiedvarianceinthemeasuredperformancecriteria.Ccallinguser:EntitywhichoriginatesacalltotheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS).SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)9(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)connectionlessservice:Servicewhichallowsthetransferofinformationamongserviceuserswithouttheneedforend-to-endcallestablishmentprocedures(source:ITU-TI.113).connectionless-modetransfer:"Theterms'message','datagram','transactionmode'and'connection-free'havebeenusedintheliteraturetodescribevariationsonthesamebasictheme:thetransmissionofaunitofdatainasingle,self-containedoperationwithoutestablishing,maintaining,andreleasingaconnection.""(Connectionless-modetransmission)isthetransmissionofasingleunitofdatafromasourceservice-access-pointtooneormoredestinationservice-access-point(s)withoutestablishingaconnection.Aconnectionless-modeserviceallowsanentitytoinitiatesuchatransmissionbytheperformanceofasingleserviceaccess.Incontrasttoaconnection,aninstanceoftheuseofaconnectionless-modeservicedoesnothaveaclearlydistinguishablelifetime.Inaddition,theconnectionless-modeservice,unlessotherwiseexplicitlydetermined,hasthefollowingfundamentalcharacteristics:a)nodynamicpeer-to-peeragreementisinvolvedinaninstanceoftheservice;b)alloftheinformationrequiredtodeliveraunitofdata(destinationaddress,qualityofserviceselection,options,etc.)ispresentedtothelayerprovidingtheconnectionless-modeservice,togetherwiththeuserdatatobetransmitted,inasingleserviceaccess.Thelayerprovidingtheconnectionless-modeserviceisnotrequiredtorelatethisaccesstoanyotherserviceaccess.Asaresultofthesefundamentalcharacteristicsitmayalsobetruethatc)eachunitofdatatransmittedisentirelyself-containedandcanberoutedindependently;d)copiesofaunitofdatacanbetransmittedtoanumberofdestinationaddresses."NOTE:Connectionless-modetransfernormallyimpliesthattheservicea)doesnotprovideconfirmeddeliveryofSDUs,b)doesnotguaranteedeliveryofSDUs,c)doesnotguaranteemaintenanceofSDUsequencingandd)doesnotguaranteeeliminationofSDUs.connection-modetransfer:"Aconnectionisanassociationestablishedforthetransferofdatabetweentwoormorepeer-entities.Thisassociationisestablishedbetweenthepeer-entitiesthemselvesandbetweeneachentityandthenextlowerlayer.Theabilitytoestablishaconnectionandtotransferdataoveritisprovidedtotheentitiesinagivenlayerbythenextlowerlayerasaconnection-modeservice.Aninstanceoftheuseofaconnection-modeservicebypeer-entitiesproceedsthroughthreedistinctphasesofoperation:a)connectionestablishment;b)datatransfer;andc)connectionrelease."NOTE:Connection-modetransfernormallyimpliesthattheservicea)providesconfirmeddeliveryofSDUs,b)providesordered,in-sequencedeliveryofSDUsandc)willnotduplicateSDUs.conversationalservice:Aninteractiveservicewhichprovidesforbi-directionalcommunicationbymeansofreal-time(nostore-and-forward)end-to-endinformationtransferfromusertouser(source:ITU-TI.113).Ddemandservice:Typeoftelecommunicationserviceinwhichthecommunicationpathisestablishedalmostimmediately,inresponsetoauserrequesteffectedbymeansofuser-networksignalling(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).dependability:Performancecriterionthatdescribesthedegreeofcertainty(orsurety)withwhichafunctionisperformedregardlessofspeedoraccuracy,butwithinagivenobservationalinterval(source:ITU-TI.350).destinationuser:EntitytowhichcallstotheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)aredirected.SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)10(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)EextraSDUdeliveryprobability:Ratiooftotal(unrequested)extraservicedataunits(SDUs)tototalservicedataunitsreceivedbyadestinationuserinaspecifiedsample(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:theterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".Ffunctionalgroup:Setoffunctionsthatmaybeperformedbyasingleequipment(source:ITU-TI.112).Gguaranteedservice:Servicemodelwhichprovideshighlyreliableperformance,withlittleornovarianceinthemeasuredperformancecriteria.Iinteractiveservice:Servicewhichprovidesthemeansforbi-directionalexchangeofinformationbetweenusers.Interactiveservicesaredividedintothreeclassesofservices:conversationalservices,messagingservicesandretrievalservices(source:ITU-TI.113).interface:Commonboundarybetweentwoassociatedsystems(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).Mmeanbitrate:Measureofthroughput.Theaverage(mean)bitrateavailabletotheuserforthegivenperiodoftime(source:ITU-TI.210).meantransitdelay:Averagetransitdelayexperiencedbya(typically)largesampleofPDUswithinthesameservicecategory.messagingservice:Interactiveservicewhichoffersuser-to-usercommunicationbetweenindividualusersviastorageunitswithstore-and-forward,mailboxand/ormessagehandling,(e.g.,informationediting,processingandconversion)functions(source:ITU-TI.113).mobilestation:EquipmentintendedtoaccessasetofGSMPLMNtelecommunicationservices.ServicesmaybeaccessedwhiletheequipmentcapableofsurfacemovementwithintheGSMsystemareaisinmotionorduringhaltsatunspecifiedpoints(source:GSM01.04).mobiletermination:Partofthemobilestationwhichterminatestheradiotransmissiontoandfromthenetworkandadaptsterminalequipmentcapabilitiestothoseoftheradiotransmission(sourceGSM01.04).Nnetworkconnection:Associationestablishedbyanetworklayerbetweentwousersforthetransferofdata,whichprovidesexplicitidentificationofasetofnetworkdatatransmissionsandagreementconcerningtheservicestobeprovidedbytheset(source:ITU-TX.213/ISO-IEC8348).networkoperator:EntitywhichprovidesthenetworkoperatingelementsandresourcesfortheexecutionoftheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS).networkservicedataunit(NSDU):UnitofdatapassedbetweentheuserandtheGPRSnetworkacrossaNetworkServiceAccessPoint(NSAP).networktermination:Functionalgrouponthenetworksideofauser-networkinterface(source:ITU-TI.112).Ppacket:Informationunitidentifiedbyalabelatlayer3oftheOSIreferencemodel(source:ITU-TI.113).Anetworkprotocoldataunit(NPDU).packetdataprotocol(PDP):Anyprotocolwhichtransmitsdataasdiscreteunitsknownaspackets,e.g.,IP,orX.25.packettransfermode:Alsoknownaspacketmode.Atransfermodeinwhichthetransmissionandswitchingfunctionsareachievedbypacketorientedtechniques,soastodynamicallysharenetworktransmissionandswitchingresourcesbetweenamultiplicityofconnections(source:ITU-TI.113).SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)11(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)peakbitrate:Measureofthroughput.Themaximumbitrateofferedtotheuserforagiventimeperiod(tobedefined)forthetransferofaburstysignal(source:ITU-TI.210).(Themaximumuserinformationtransferrateachievablebyauserforasingleservicedataunittransfer.)PLMNOperator:PublicLandMobileNetworkoperator.TheentitywhichoffersaGPRS.point-to-point(PTP):Valueoftheserviceattribute"communicationconfiguration",whichdenotesthatthecommunicationinvolvesonlytwonetworkterminations.point-to-point(PTP)service:Servicetypeinwhichdataissentfromasinglenetworkterminationtoanothernetworktermination.predictiveservice:Servicemodelwhichprovidesreliableperformance,butallowingaspecifiedvarianceinthemeasuredperformancecriteria.protocol:Formalsetofproceduresthatareadoptedtoensurecommunicationbetweentwoormorefunctionswithinthewithinthesamelayerofahierarchyoffunctions(source:ITU-TI.112).protocoldataunit(PDU):InthereferencemodelforOSI,aunitofdataspecifiedinan(N)-protocollayerandconsistingof(N)-protocolcontrolinformationandpossibly(N)-userdata(source:ITU-TX.200/ISO-IEC7498-1).Qqualityofservice:Collectiveeffectofserviceperformanceswhichdeterminethedegreeofsatisfactionofauseroftheservice(ITU-TE.800).Thesetofperformanceparametersthatcanbedirectlyobservedandmeasuredatthepointatwhichtheserviceisaccessedbytheuser.Therearethreecriteriabywhichperformanceismeasured:speed,accuracyanddependability(source:ITU-TI.350).Rreferenceconfiguration:Combinationoffunctionalgroupsandreferencepointsthatshowspossiblenetworkarrangements(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).referencepoint:Conceptualpointattheconjunctionoftwonon-overlappingfunctionalgroups(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).residualerrorrate:Parameterdescribingserviceaccuracy.ThefrequencyoflostSDUs,andofcorruptedorduplicatednetworkSDUsdeliveredattheuser-networkinterface.retrievalservice:Interactiveservicewhichprovidesthecapabilityofaccessinginformationstoredindatabasecentres.Theinformationwillbesenttotheuserondemandonly.Theinformationisretrievedonanindividualbasis,i.e.,thetimeatwhichaninformationsequenceistostartisunderthecontroloftheuser(sourceITU-TI.113).SSDUerrorprobability:Ratiooftotalincorrectservicedataunits(SDUs)tototalsuccessfullytransferredservicedataunitsplusincorrectservicedataunitsinaspecifiedsample(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:thesourcedocumentterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".SDUlossprobability:Ratiooftotallostservicedataunits(SDUs)tototaltransmittedservicedataunitsinaspecifiedsample(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:thesourcedocumentterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".SDUmisdeliveryprobability:Ratiooftotalmisdeliveredservicedataunits(SDUs)tototalservicedataunitstransferredbetweenaspecifiedsourceanddestinationuserinaspecifiedsample(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:thesourcedocumentterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".SDUtransferdelay:Valueofelapsedtimebetweenthestartoftransferandsuccessfultransferofaspecifiedservicedataunit(SDU)(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:thesourcedocumentterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)12(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)SDUtransferrate:Totalnumberofsuccessfullytransferredservicedataunits(SDUs)inatransfersampledividedbytheinput/outputtimeforthatsample.Theinput/outputtimeisthelargeroftheinputtimeortheoutputtimeforthesample(source:ITU-TX.140).NOTE:thesourcedocumentterm"userinformationunit"hasbeenreplacedbytheterm"servicedataunit".serviceaccesspoint(SAP):InthereferencemodelforOSI,thepointsthroughwhichservicesareofferedtoanadjacenthigherlayer(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TX.200/ISO-IEC7498-1).serviceattribute:Specifiedcharacteristicofatelecommunicationservice(source:ITU-TI.112).NOTE:thevalue(s)assignedtooneormoreserviceattributesmaybeusedtodistinguishthattelecommunicationsservicefromothers.servicebitrate:Bitratethatisavailabletoauserforthetransferofuserinformation(source:ITU-TI.113).servicecategoryorserviceclass:Serviceofferedtotheusersdescribedbyasetofperformanceparametersandtheirspecifiedvalues,limitsorranges.Thesetofparametersprovidesacomprehensivedescriptionoftheservicecapability.servicedataunit(SDU):InthereferencemodelforOSI,anamountofinformationwhoseidentityispreservedwhentransferredbetweenpeer(N+1)-layerentitiesandwhichisnotinterpretedbythesupporting(N)-layerentities(source:ITU-TX.200/ISO-IEC7498-1).servicedelay:Timeelapsedfromtheinvocationoftheservicerequest,tothecorrespondingservicerequestindicationattheServiceReceiver,indicatingthearrivalofapplicationdata.servicemodel:GeneralcharacterisationofservicesbaseduponaQoSparadigm,withoutspecifyingtheactualperformancetargets.serviceprovider:EntitywhichofferstheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)forsubscription.Thenetworkoperatormaybetheserviceprovider.servicereceiver:Entitywhichreceivestheservicerequestindicationprimitive,containingtheSDU.servicerequest:Thisisdefinedasbeingoneinvocationoftheservicethroughaservicerequestprimitive.servicerequester:EntitywhichrequeststheinitiationofaGPRSoperation,throughaservicerequest.servicesubscriber:EntitywhichsubscribestotheGeneralPacketRadioService(GPRS)service.signalling:Exchangeofinformationspecificallyconcernedwiththeestablishmentandcontrolofconnections,andwithmanagement,inatelecommunicationsnetwork(source:ITU-TI.112).simultaneoususeofservices:ConcurrentuseofaGSMcircuit-modeservice(voiceordata)andGSMpacket-modeservices(GPRS)byasinglemobilestation.speed:Performancecriterionthatdescribesthetimeintervalrequiredtoperformafunctionortherateatwhichthefunctionisperformed.(Thefunctionmayormaynotbeperformedwiththedesiredaccuracy.)(source:ITU-TI.350).Tteleactionservice:Typeoftelecommunicationservicethatusesshortmessages,requiringalowtransmissionrate,betweentheuserandthenetwork(source:ITU-TI.112).telecommunicationservice:ThatwhichisofferedbyaPLMNoperatororserviceprovidertoitscustomersinordertosatisfyaspecifictelecommunicationrequirement.(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).Telecommunicationservicesaredividedintotwobroadfamilies:bearerservicesandteleservices(source:ITU-TI.210).teleservice:Typeoftelecommunicationservicethatprovidesthecompletecapability,includingterminalequipmentfunctions,forcommunicationbetweenusersaccordingtoprotocolsestablishedbyagreementbetweenAdministrations(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).terminalequipment:Equipmentthatprovidesthefunctionsnecessaryfortheoperationoftheaccessprotocolsbytheuser(source:GSM01.04).Afunctionalgroupontheusersideofauser-networkinterface(source:ITU-TI.112).throughput:Parameterdescribingservicespeed.Thenumberofdatabitssuccessfullytransferredinonedirectionbetweenspecifiedreferencepointsperunittime(source:ITU-TI.113).SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)13(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)transitdelay:Parameterdescribingservicespeed.Thetimedifferencebetweentheinstantatwhichthefirstbitofaprotocoldataunit(PDU)crossesonedesignatedboundary(referencepoint),andtheinstantatwhichthelastbitofthePDUcrossesaseconddesignatedboundary(source:ITU-TI.113).Uuseraccessorusernetworkaccess:Themeansbywhichauserisconnectedtoatelecommunicationnetworkinordertousetheservicesand/orfacilitiesofthatnetwork(source:GSM01.04,ITU-TI.112).user-networkinterface:Interfacebetweentheterminalequipmentandanetworkterminationatwhichinterfacetheaccessprotocolsapply(source:ITU-TI.112).user-userprotocol:Protocolthatisadoptedbetweentwoormoreusersinordertoensurecommunicationbetweenthem(source:ITU-TI.112).Vvariablebitrateservice:Typeoftelecommunicationservicecharacterisedbyaservicebitratespecifiedbystatisticallyexpressedparameterswhichallowthebitratetovarywithindefinedlimits(source:ITU-TI.113).3.2AbbreviationsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingabbreviationsapply:BOCBellOperatingCompanyCLNPConnectionlessnetworkprotocolCLNSConnectionlessnetworkserviceCONSConnection-orientednetworkserviceFFSForfurtherstudyGPRSGeneralpacketradioserviceGSNGPRSsupportnodeIPInternetprotocolLATALocalAccessandTransportAreaNSDUNetworkservicedataunitPDPPacketdataprotocolPDUProtocoldataunitPLMNPubliclandmobilenetworkPTPPointtopointQoSQualityofserviceSAPServiceaccesspointSDUServicedataunitSVCSwitchedvirtualcircuitTBDTobedefinedTLLITemporarylinklevelidentityAdditionalGSMrelatedabbreviationscanbefoundinGSM01.04(ETR350)[1].4ApplicabilityTheGPRSisasetofnewGSMbearerservicesthatprovidespacketmodetransmissionwithinthePLMNandinterworkswithexternalnetworks.ItisnotarequirementthattheGPRSbeanextensionoforanemulationofoneoranyofthesenon-GSMservicesornetworks.TheGPRSshallnotpreventtheuser'soperationofotherGSMservices.5DescriptionTheGPRSallowstheservicesubscribertosendandreceivedatainanend-to-endpackettransfermode,withoututilizingnetworkresourcesincircuitswitchedmode.SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)14(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)GPRSenablesthecosteffectiveandefficientuseofnetworkresourcesforpacketmodedataapplicationse.g.forapplicationsthatexhibitoneormoreofthefollowingcharacteristics:-intermittent,non-periodic(i.e.,bursty)datatransmissions,wherethetimebetweensuccessivetransmissionsgreatlyexceedstheaveragetransferdelay;-frequenttransmissionsofsmallvolumesofdata,forexampletransactionsconsistingoflessthan500octetsofdataoccurringatarateofuptoseveraltransactionsperminute;-infrequenttransmissionoflargervolumesofdata,forexampletransactionsconsistingofseveralkilobytesofdataoccurringatarateofuptoseveraltransactionsperhour.WithintheGPRS,onebearerservicetypeisdefined.Itis:-Point-To-Point(PTP);BasedonstandardizednetworkprotocolssupportedbytheGPRSbearerservices,aGPRSnetworkadministrationmayoffer(orsupport)asetofadditionalservices.Thisisoutsidethescopeofthisspecification,however,anumberofpossiblePTPinteractiveteleservicesinclude:-retrievalserviceswhichprovidethecapabilityofaccessinginformationstoredindatabasecentres.Theinformationissenttotheuserondemandonly.AnexampleofonesuchserviceintheInternet'sWorldWideWeb(WWW);-messagingserviceswhichofferuser-to-usercommunicationbetweenindividualusersviastorageunitswithstore-and-forwardmailbox,and/ormessagehandling(e.g.,informationediting,processingandconversion)functions;-conversationalserviceswhichprovidebi-directionalcommunicationbymeansofreal-time(nostore-and-forward)end-to-endinformationtransferfromusertouser.AnexampleofsuchaserviceistheInternet'sTelnetapplication;-tele-actionserviceswhicharecharacterizedbylowdata-volume(short)transactions,forexamplecreditcardvalidations,lotterytransactions,utilitymeterreadingsandelectronicmonitoringandsurveillancesystems.5.1GPRSreferencemodelTheGPRScanbedescribedusingthesimplifiedreferencemodelinfigure1.GPRSprovidesdatatransfercapabilitiesbetweenasendingentityandoneormorereceivingentities.TheseentitiesmaybeanMSoraTerminalEquipment,thelatterbeingattachedeithertoaGPRSnetworkortoanexternaldatanetwork.ThebasestationprovidesradiochannelaccessforMSstotheGPRSnetwork.UserdatamaybetransferredbetweenfourtypesofMSsasdescribedinGSM02.01[1]andGSM04.02[2].SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)15(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)MSGPRSDataNetworkTEUmTEGiExternalDataNetworkFigure1:GPRSsimplifiedreferencemodel5.1.1BearerservicesTheGPRSbearerservicessupportthecapabilitytotransmitdatabetweenuser-networkaccesspoints(2,4and7infigure2).5.1.2TeleservicesGPRSsupportsteleservicestoprovidecompletecommunicationservicecapabilitiesincludingtheterminalequipmentfunctionsnecessaryforcommunicationbetweennetworkcustomersusingtheuser-userprotocolssupportedbytheGPRSserviceprovider(s)(seealsoGSM02.01[1]).SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)16(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)MT0TE1TATE2TE2SRSRUmTEPDN67812345GiGPRSNetworkTE68MT2MT1MT1Figure2:Telecommunicationservicesaccesspoints5.1.3GPRSAccessPointsConsideringthereferenceconfigurationinfigure1,userscanaccessvarioustelecommunicationservicesatdifferentaccesspointsasshowninfigure2:-ataccesspoints1,3,5,and6(user-to-terminalinterfaces),teleservicesareaccessed-theteleserviceconceptincludestheterminalcapabilities;-ataccesspoint2(theRreferencepoint),non-ISDNbearerservicesmaybeaccessed,forexampleITU-TX-andV-SeriesRecommendations;-ataccesspoint4(theSreferencepoint),ISDNcompatiblebearerservicesmaybeaccessed;ataccesspoint7externaldatanetworkbearerservicesmaybeaccessed;-accesspoint8(theGireferencepoint,whichmaynotbeidenticalfordirectaccessandexternaldatanetworkaccess)providesbearerserviceaccessfordirectaccessforadataterminaland/orforexternaldatanetworks,forexampleX.25networks.5.2GPRSservicedescriptionThePTPserviceprovidesatransmissionofoneormorepacketsbetweentwousers,initiatedbyaservicerequesterandreceivedbyareceiver.TherearetwoPTPservices:-PTPConnectionlessNetworkService(PTP-CLNS);-PTPConnectionOrientatedNetworkService(PTP-CONS).Aninvocationoftheservicerequestbyaservicerequesterispossiblefromthefixedandmobileaccesspoints.Invocationandoperationprocedures(i.e.,parallelsessions)aredescribedinclause6.9.Table1presentstherelationshipbetweenservicerequestsandtheServiceRequester/Receiver.SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)17(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)Table1:Relationshipofservicerequestandservicerequester/receiverServicerequester/receiverTypesofservicerequestAP=AccessPoint(seenote1)PTP-CONSandPTP-CLNSFromfixedAPtomobileAPSupportedFrommobileAPtomobileAP(seenote2)SupportedFrommobileAPtofixedAPSupportedNOTE1:Mobilebearerservicesaccesspointsare2and4fromfigure2.Fixedbearerserviceaccesspointsare7and8.NOTE2:Itshallbepossibletotransferdatabetweentwomobilesofthesameoperatorwithouttheuseofnon-GSMexternaldatanetworks.5.2.1Point-To-PointConnectionlessNetworkService(PTP-CLNS)Point-To-PointConnectionlessNetworkService(PTP-CLNS)isaserviceinwhichone(ormore)singlepacket(s)is(are)sentfromasingleservicesubscriber"A"toasingledestinationuser"B".Eachpacketisindependentoftheprecedingandsucceedingpacket.Thisserviceisofthedatagramtypeandisintendedtosupportburstyapplications.OntheradiointerfacePTP-CLNSsupportstheacknowledgedtransfermodeforreliabledelivery.GPRSprovidesdatacommunicationsservicesconsistentwiththeconnectionlessnetworklayerservicedefinitionISO8348[5].Specifically,GPRSshallbeabletosupportapplicationsbasedonthefollowingnetworklayerprotocol:-InternetProtocol(IP);-IPisthenetworklayerprotocoloftheInternetTCP/IPprotocolsuitedefinedbyInternetSTD5[8].5.2.2Point-To-PointConnectionOrientatedNetworkService(PTP-CONS)Point-To-PointConnectionOrientatedNetworkService(PTP-CONS)isaserviceinwhichmultiplepacketsaresentbetweenasingleservicesubscriber"A"andasingledestinationuser"B".Thisserviceprovidesalogicalrelationbetweentheuserswhichmaylastbetweensecondstohours.Theserviceisintendedtosupportburstytransactiveorinteractiveapplications.OntheradiointerfacePTP-CONSutilisestheacknowledgedtransfermodeforreliabledelivery.GPRSprovidesdatacommunicationsservicesconsistentwiththeconnectionorientatednetworklayerservicedefinitionISO8348[5]andISO8878[7].ThismeansthatGPRSshallbeabletosupportapplicationsbasedonthefollowingnetworklayerprotocol:-ConnectionOrientatedNetworkProtocol(CONP).-CONPisthestandardOSIconnectionorientatednetworkprotocoldefinedinISO8208[4],i.e.,theX.25PacketLevelProtocolforDataTerminalEquipment.GPRSshouldprovidetheabilitytomaintainaconnectionorientatedvirtualcircuituponchangeofcellwithinaPLMNbutnotwhentransitingfromonePLMNtoanotherPLMN.AnyestablishedSVCshallbereleasedonirrecoverablefailureoftheradiodatalink.5.3TransferCharacteristicsThepacketmultiplexingmechanismsdevelopedforGPRSshallbeindependentofagivenchanneltype.ItshallbepossibletooperateGPRSoverlowandhighcapacitychannels.Thesemaybeexistingand/orfuturechannelswhosecapacitiesareasyetunspecified(e.g.,asignallingchannel,ortwotime-slotsoranentire200kHzcarrier).Table3isonlyapplicabletotheGPRSpartoftheconnection.SIST EN 301 113 V6.3.1:2003
ETSIETSIEN301113V6.3.1(2000-11)18(GSM02.60version6.3.1Release1997)Table3:TransferCharacteristicsAttributesSupportedcapabilitiesInformationTransferCapabilityUnrestricteddigitalinformationInformationConnectionmodeConnectionorientated,connectionlessTransferTraffictype(a)VariablebitrateandvariabledelayModeTimingend-to-end(b)AsynchronousInformationTransferRate(c)Maximumbitrate.ValuesfromoneTCHinclusive.InformationStructure-Servicedataunitintegrity-DatasequenceintegrityCommunicationConfiguration-PointtopointEstablishmentofCommunication(d)DemandmobileoriginatedormobileterminatedNegotiation-Outofband-InbandSymmetry-Bi-directional-UnidirectionalRadioChannelassignmentShared,multi-usera)Traffictype:describingdatastreamswithconstantbitrateorvariablebitratecharacteristics.b)Timingend-to-end:describingthetimingrelationbetweenthesourceanddestinationofsignals.c)Flexiblechannelswithamaximumbitratethatdependsonthetypeofchannelandthenumberoftimeslotsthatareused.Thiscapabilitydefinesthemaximumcapabilityassociatedwiththechannel(s).Theactualbitrateforaparticularusermaybeanyvalueuptothismaximumvalue.d)Establishmentofcommunication:maybeondemand,rese
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