SIST-TS ISO/TS 22028-2:2011
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
ISO/TS 22028-2:2006 defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image encodings designated as reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded using ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture imaging systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
Photographie et technologie graphique - Codages par couleurs étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d'image numérique - Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par voie métrique
Fotografija in grafična tehnologija - Razširjeno barvno kodiranje za shranjevanje, ravnanje in izmenjavo digitalnih slik - 2. del: Referenčna izhodna medijska metrika RGB barvnega kodiranja slik (ROMM RGB)
Ta tehnična specifikacija opredeljuje družino z razširjeno izhodno barvno paleto RGB barvnega kodiranja slik, ki se imenuje referenčna izhodna medijska metrika RGB (ROMM RGB). Digitalne slike, kodirane z ROMM RGB, se lahko upravljajo, shranjujejo, pošiljajo, prikazujejo ali tiskajo z digitalnimi upodobitvenimi sistemi za mirujoče slike. Opredeljene so tri ravni natančnosti z uporabo 8, 12 in 16 bitov/kanal.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2011
)RWRJUDILMDLQJUDILþQDWHKQRORJLMD5D]ãLUMHQREDUYQRNRGLUDQMH]DVKUDQMHYDQMH
UDYQDQMHLQL]PHQMDYRGLJLWDOQLKVOLNGHO5HIHUHQþQDL]KRGQDPHGLMVNDPHWULND
5*%EDUYQHJDNRGLUDQMDVOLN52005*%
Photography and graphic technology - Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange - Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique - Codages par couleurs étendues pour stockage,
manipulation et échange d'image numérique - Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs
RVB par référence de sortie par voie métrique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/TS 22028-2:2006
ICS:
01.070 Barvno kodiranje Colour coding
37.040.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi s Other standards related to
fotografijo photography
37.100.01 *UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMDQD Graphic technology in
VSORãQR general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 22028-2
First edition
2006-08-15
Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital
image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique — Codages par couleurs
étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d'image
numérique —
Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par
voie métrique
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Requirements . 5
4.1 General. 5
4.2 Reference viewing environment. 5
4.3 Reference medium. 6
4.4 ROMM RGB colour image encoding. 7
4.5 Inverse ROMM RGB transformation . 9
Annex A (informative) Selection of ROMM RGB colour encoding . 11
Annex B (informative) Conversion between ROMM RGB and video RGB . 15
Bibliography . 17
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:
⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 22028-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
ISO/TS 22028 consists of the following parts, under the general title Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange:
⎯ Part 1: Architecture and requirements
⎯ Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB) [Technical
Specification]
⎯ Part 3: Reference input medium metric RGB colour image encoding (RIMM RGB) [Technical
Specification]
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This part of ISO 22028 has been developed in order to meet the industry need for a complete,
fully-documented, publicly-available definition of a wide-primary output-referred extended gamut
red-green-blue (RGB) colour image encoding. This colour image encoding provides a way to represent output-
referred images that does not limit the colour gamut to those colours capable of being displayed on a CRT
monitor, such as that represented by the standard RGB (sRGB) colour encoding, or require the use of
negative RGB colorimetry co-ordinates, such as with extended sRGB colour encodings like bg-sRGB.
An extended colour-gamut colour encoding is particularly desirable for professional photography applications.
For example, colours used for company logos can be outside a monitor gamut and would therefore need to be
clipped or compressed to a less saturated colour. Similarly, scanned photographic prints that are to be
duplicated can contain colours outside a monitor RGB colour gamut. By using a standard output-referred
extended gamut colour image encoding, images containing such colours can be stored, interchanged,
manipulated, and later printed, without limiting or distorting the colours of the final output.
The Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB) colour image encoding specified in this part of
ISO 22028 meets the needs of these types of applications.
This part of ISO 22028 is prepared as a Technical Specification to provide sufficient documentation,
consistent with the definitions of ISO 22028-1, to allow the imaging community adequate opportunity for
implementation and evaluation of this colour image encoding. It is anticipated that, when there is sufficient
implementation of and practical experience in the use of ROMM RGB, this Technical Specification can be
revised as an International Standard.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 22028-2:2006(E)
Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding
(ROMM RGB)
1 Scope
This Technical Specification defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image
encodings designated as Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded using
ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture imaging
systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15076-1:2005, Image technology colour management — Architecture, profile format and data structure —
Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2004-10
ISO 22028-1:2004, Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange — Part 1: Architecture and requirements
ISO/CIE 10527:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers
CIE Publication 15, Colorimetery
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
adapted white
colour stimulus that an observer who is adapted to the viewing environment would judge to be perfectly
achromatic and to have a luminance factor of unity; i.e. absolute colorimetric coordinates that an observer
would consider to be a perfect white diffuser
NOTE The adapted white can vary within a scene.
3.2
additive RGB colour space
colorimetric colour space having three colour primaries (generally red, green and blue) such that CIE XYZ
tristimulus values can be determined from the RGB colour space values by forming a weighted combination of
the CIE XYZ tristimulus values for the individual colour primaries, where the weights are proportional to the
radiometrically linear colour space values for the corresponding colour primaries
NOTE 1 A simple linear 3 × 3 matrix transformation can be used to transform between CIE XYZ tristimulus values and
the radiometrically linear colour space values for an additive RGB colour space.
NOTE 2 Additive RGB colour spaces are defined by specifying the CIE chromaticity values for a set of additive RGB
primaries and a colour space white point, together with a colour component transfer function.
3.3
colorimetric colour space
colour space having an exact and simple relationship to CIE colorimetric values
NOTE Colorimetric colour spaces include those defined by CIE (e.g. CIE XYZ, CIELAB, CIELUV), as well as colour
spaces that are simple transformations of those colour spaces (e.g. additive RGB colour spaces).
3.4
colour component transfer function
single variable, monotonic mathematical function applied individually to one or more colour channels of a
colour space
NOTE 1 Colour component transfer functions are frequently used to account for the nonlinear response of a reference
device and/or to improve the visual uniformity of a colour space.
NOTE 2 Generally, colour component transfer functions will be nonlinear functions such as a power-law (i.e. “gamma”)
function or a logarithmic function. However, in some cases a linear colour component transfer function can be used.
3.5
colour encoding
generic term for a quantized digital encoding of a colour space, encompassing both colour space encodings
and colour image encodings
3.6
colour gamut
solid in a colour space, consisting of all those colours that are either: present in a specific scene, artwork,
photograph, photomechanical, or other reproduction; or capable of being created using a particular output
device and/or medium
3.7
colour image encoding
digital encodi
...
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 22028-2
First edition
2006-08-15
Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital
image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB
colour image encoding (ROMM RGB)
Photographie et technologie graphique — Codages par couleurs
étendues pour stockage, manipulation et échange d'image
numérique —
Partie 2: Codage d'image en couleurs RVB par référence de sortie par
voie métrique
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Requirements . 5
4.1 General. 5
4.2 Reference viewing environment. 5
4.3 Reference medium. 6
4.4 ROMM RGB colour image encoding. 7
4.5 Inverse ROMM RGB transformation . 9
Annex A (informative) Selection of ROMM RGB colour encoding . 11
Annex B (informative) Conversion between ROMM RGB and video RGB . 15
Bibliography . 17
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:
⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 22028-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
ISO/TS 22028 consists of the following parts, under the general title Photography and graphic technology —
Extended colour encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and interchange:
⎯ Part 1: Architecture and requirements
⎯ Part 2: Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding (ROMM RGB) [Technical
Specification]
⎯ Part 3: Reference input medium metric RGB colour image encoding (RIMM RGB) [Technical
Specification]
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This part of ISO 22028 has been developed in order to meet the industry need for a complete,
fully-documented, publicly-available definition of a wide-primary output-referred extended gamut
red-green-blue (RGB) colour image encoding. This colour image encoding provides a way to represent output-
referred images that does not limit the colour gamut to those colours capable of being displayed on a CRT
monitor, such as that represented by the standard RGB (sRGB) colour encoding, or require the use of
negative RGB colorimetry co-ordinates, such as with extended sRGB colour encodings like bg-sRGB.
An extended colour-gamut colour encoding is particularly desirable for professional photography applications.
For example, colours used for company logos can be outside a monitor gamut and would therefore need to be
clipped or compressed to a less saturated colour. Similarly, scanned photographic prints that are to be
duplicated can contain colours outside a monitor RGB colour gamut. By using a standard output-referred
extended gamut colour image encoding, images containing such colours can be stored, interchanged,
manipulated, and later printed, without limiting or distorting the colours of the final output.
The Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB) colour image encoding specified in this part of
ISO 22028 meets the needs of these types of applications.
This part of ISO 22028 is prepared as a Technical Specification to provide sufficient documentation,
consistent with the definitions of ISO 22028-1, to allow the imaging community adequate opportunity for
implementation and evaluation of this colour image encoding. It is anticipated that, when there is sufficient
implementation of and practical experience in the use of ROMM RGB, this Technical Specification can be
revised as an International Standard.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 22028-2:2006(E)
Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour
encodings for digital image storage, manipulation and
interchange —
Part 2:
Reference output medium metric RGB colour image encoding
(ROMM RGB)
1 Scope
This Technical Specification defines a family of extended colour-gamut output-referred RGB colour image
encodings designated as Reference output medium metric RGB (ROMM RGB). Digital images encoded using
ROMM RGB can be manipulated, stored, transmitted, displayed, or printed by digital still picture imaging
systems. Three precision levels are defined using 8-, 12- and 16-bits/channel.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15076-1:2005, Image technology colour management — Architecture, profile format and data structure —
Part 1: Based on ICC.1:2004-10
ISO 22028-1:2004, Photography and graphic technology — Extended colour encodings for digital image
storage, manipulation and interchange — Part 1: Architecture and requirements
ISO/CIE 10527:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers
CIE Publication 15, Colorimetery
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
adapted white
colour stimulus that an observer who is adapted to the viewing environment would judge to be perfectly
achromatic and to have a luminance factor of unity; i.e. absolute colorimetric coordinates that an observer
would consider to be a perfect white diffuser
NOTE The adapted white can vary within a scene.
3.2
additive RGB colour space
colorimetric colour space having three colour primaries (generally red, green and blue) such that CIE XYZ
tristimulus values can be determined from the RGB colour space values by forming a weighted combination of
the CIE XYZ tristimulus values for the individual colour primaries, where the weights are proportional to the
radiometrically linear colour space values for the corresponding colour primaries
NOTE 1 A simple linear 3 × 3 matrix transformation can be used to transform between CIE XYZ tristimulus values and
the radiometrically linear colour space values for an additive RGB colour space.
NOTE 2 Additive RGB colour spaces are defined by specifying the CIE chromaticity values for a set of additive RGB
primaries and a colour space white point, together with a colour component transfer function.
3.3
colorimetric colour space
colour space having an exact and simple relationship to CIE colorimetric values
NOTE Colorimetric colour spaces include those defined by CIE (e.g. CIE XYZ, CIELAB, CIELUV), as well as colour
spaces that are simple transformations of those colour spaces (e.g. additive RGB colour spaces).
3.4
colour component transfer function
single variable, monotonic mathematical function applied individually to one or more colour channels of a
colour space
NOTE 1 Colour component transfer functions are frequently used to account for the nonlinear response of a reference
device and/or to improve the visual uniformity of a colour space.
NOTE 2 Generally, colour component transfer functions will be nonlinear functions such as a power-law (i.e. “gamma”)
function or a logarithmic function. However, in some cases a linear colour component transfer function can be used.
3.5
colour encoding
generic term for a quantized digital encoding of a colour space, encompassing both colour space encodings
and colour image encodings
3.6
colour gamut
solid in a colour space, consisting of all those colours that are either: present in a specific scene, artwork,
photograph, photomechanical, or other reproduction; or capable of being created using a particular output
device and/or medium
3.7
colour image encoding
digital encoding of the colour values for a digital image, including the specification of a colour space encoding,
together with any information necessary to properly interpret the colour values such as the image state, the
intended image viewing environment and the reference medium
NOTE 1 In some cases, the intended image viewing environment will be explicitly defined for the colour image
encoding. In other cases, the intended image viewing environment can be specified on an image-by-image basis using
metadata associated with the digital image.
NOTE 2 Some colour image encodings will indicate particular reference medium characteristics, such as a reflection
print with a specified density range. In other cases, the reference medium will be not applicable, such as with a scene-
referred colour image encoding, or will be specified using image metadata.
NOTE 3 Colour image encodings are not limited to pictorial digital images that originate from an original scene, but are
also applicable to digital images with content such as text, line art, vector graphics and other forms of original artwork.
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
3.8
colour rendering
mapping of image data representing the colour space coordinates of the elements of a scene to output-
referred image data representing the colour space coordinates of the elements of a reproduction
NOTE Colour rendering generally consists of one or more of the following:
⎯ compensa
...
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