kSIST FprEN 14492-1:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015
01-september-2015
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Motorni vitli in dvižni mehanizmi - 1. del: Motorni vitli
Cranes - Power driven winches and hoists - Part 1: Power driven winches
Krane - Kraftgetriebene Winden und Hubwerke - Teil 1: Kraftgetriebene Winden
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Treuils et palans motorisés - Partie 1 : Treuils
motorisés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14492-1
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015
oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 14492-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2015
ICS 53.020.20; 53.020.99 Will supersede EN 14492-1:2006+A1:2009
English Version
Cranes - Power driven winches and hoists - Part 1: Power driven
winches
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Treuils et palans Krane - Kraftgetriebene Winden und Hubwerke - Teil 1:
motorisés - Partie 1 : Treuils motorisés Kraftgetriebene Winden
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 147.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14492-1:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015
prEN 14492-1:2015 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .6
Introduction .7
1 Scope .8
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 List of significant hazards . 14
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 19
5.1 General . 19
5.2 Specification of duty (classification) . 19
5.3 Requirements for strength . 20
5.3.1 Basic standards . 20
5.3.2 Load actions . 20
5.3.3 Proof of static strength . 21
5.3.4 Proof of fatigue strength . 21
5.3.5 Proof of competence of pulling media . 22
5.3.6 Proof of competence of hooks . 23
5.3.7 High risk applications . 24
5.4 Devices . 24
5.4.1 Control devices . 24
5.4.2 Pulling force limiter . 24
5.4.3 Emergency stop function . 27
5.4.4 Pay-out limiters . 27
5.4.5 Safety-related functions . 28
5.5 Couplings . 28
5.6 Brakes for pulling and pay-out movements . 28
5.7 Gearbox . 29
5.8 Load hooks . 29
5.9 Rope drive with steel wire ropes . 29
5.10 Rope drive with synthetic materials . 29
5.10.1 General . 29
5.10.2 Rope sheaves . 29
5.10.3 Rope guides/rope runs . 30
5.10.4 Rope connection to the rope drum . 30
5.10.5 Rope anchorage . 30
5.10.6 Rope end terminations . 30
5.10.7 Traction winches. 30
5.11 Belt drives . 31
5.12 Pneumatic equipment . 31
5.13 Hydraulic equipment . 31
5.14 Electrical equipment of winches . 31
5.14.1 General . 31
5.14.2 Electrical supply . 31
5.14.3 Ambient and operating conditions . 32
5.14.4 Supply disconnecting (isolating) and switching devices . 32
5.14.5 Overload protection of motors . 32
5.14.6 Control circuits and control functions . 32
5.14.7 Emergency stop function . 32
5.15 Electric motors . 33
5.15.1 General . 33
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5.15.2 Design methods for thermal power capacity. 33
5.15.3 Degree of protection . 33
5.16 Electric motion limiters . 33
5.16.1 General . 33
5.16.2 Temperature . 33
5.17 Reduction of noise by design . 33
5.17.1 General . 33
5.17.2 Main noise sources on winch units . 34
5.17.3 Measures for noise reduction . 34
5.17.4 Protective measures . 34
5.17.5 Information on noise . 34
5.18 Winches for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere . 34
5.18.1 General . 34
5.18.2 Electrical equipment of winches . 34
5.18.3 Non-electrical equipment of winches . 35
5.18.4 Electrostatic discharge . 35
5.19 Additional requirements for vehicle recovery winches and winches on boat trailers . 35
5.19.1 General . 35
5.19.2 Motion limiters . 35
5.19.3 Free-spooling clutches . 35
5.19.4 Auxiliary brake . 35
5.19.5 Rope drives . 35
5.19.6 Electrical supply (battery). 36
5.20 Additional requirements for forestry winches. 36
5.20.1 General . 36
5.20.2 Pulling and pay-out limiters . 36
5.20.3 Braking device . 36
5.20.4 Auxiliary brake . 36
5.20.5 Ropes . 36
5.20.6 Rope drum . 36
5.20.7 Rope fastening onto the rope drum . 36
5.20.8 Rope end terminations . 37
5.20.9 Mechanical protection . 37
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 37
6.1 Winches manufactured in series . 37
6.2 Winches designed individually . 37
7 User information . 44
7.1 General . 44
7.2 Special requirements . 44
7.3 Marking . 46
Annex A (informative) Examples of winches . 48
A.1 Drum winches . 48
A.2 Traction winches . 49
A.3 Vehicle recovery winches . 50
A.4 Winches for boat trailers . 51
A.5 Forestry winches . 51
Annex B (informative) Additional requirements for winches intended to be used in potentially
explosive atmospheres . 52
B.1 Introduction . 52
B.2 General . 52
B.3 Hazard sources in explosion hazard areas. 53
B.3.1 Electrically caused hazards. 53
B.3.2 Mechanically caused hazards . 53
B.3.3 Hazards caused by environmental conditions . 53
B.3.4 Measures to eliminate hazards in explosion hazard areas . 54
B.3.5 Marking . 54
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B.4 User information . 54
Annex C (informative) Additional requirements for operation in aggressive environments and
outdoors . 55
C.1 General . 55
C.2 Ropes . 55
Annex D (informative) Additional requirements for operation at low temperatures . 57
Annex E (normative) Noise test code . 58
E.1 Scope . 58
E.2 Description of the machine family . 58
E.3 Determination of the emission sound pressure level at the operator’s position by
measurement . 58
E.3.1 General . 58
E.3.2 Measurement . 58
E.4 Determination of the sound power level . 59
E.4.1 General . 59
E.4.2 Measurement . 59
E.5 Mounting and operating conditions. 59
E.5.1 General . 59
E.5.2 Measurement . 60
E.6 Uncertainties . 60
E.7 Information to be recorded . 60
E.8 Information to be reported . 60
E.9 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 60
Annex F (normative) Power driven series winch mechanisms — Test procedure for verification of
the classification . 61
F.1 Introduction . 61
F.2 Application . 61
F.3 Implementation of the test . 61
F.3.1 Framework conditions . 61
F.3.2 Configurations . 61
F.3.3 Test programme . 62
F.4 Acceptance criteria . 63
F.5 Calculation and Figures . 63
F.6 Re-Classification for winches which are classified according to previous standards . 66
Annex G (informative) Selection of a suitable set of cranes standards for a given application . 69
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 70
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC . 71
Bibliography . 72

Figures
Figure 1 — Fleet angle. 11
Figure 2 — Undercut groove base profile . 31
Figure A.6 — Traction winch with a rope storage . 49
Figure A.7 — Traction winch with storage drum . 50
Figure A.10 — Winch for boat trailers with electrical drive . 51
Figure A.11 — Forestry winch with rope drum and hydraulic drive . 51
Figure F.1 — Opposed winding arrangement . 65
Figure F.2 — Symmetrical rope lead-off about the drum centre . 65
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Figure F.3 — Normal lifting operation during the test (Cycle I) . 66
Figure F.4 — Every 16th pick up from the floor at rated pulling speed, if possible (Cycle II) . 66

Tables
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements . 15
Table 2 — Classification of winches by number of pulling cycles. 20
Table 3 — Classification of winches by pulling distance . 20
Table 4 — Partial safety factors for design of winches . 21
Table 5 — Typical values of parameters for design of ropes . 22
Table 6 — Number of ropes . 22
Table 7 — Working coefficient of synthetic rope by classification of winch . 23
Table 8 — Force history parameter for Formula (3) . 24
Table 9 — Methods to be used to verify conformity with the safety requirements and/or measures . 38
Table F.1 — Table of max load path [P] during test according to previous standards. 67

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prEN 14492-1:2015 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 14492-1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes —
Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14492-1:2006+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA and ZB, which is an integral part of this
document.
This is the first part of the standard “Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists”. The parts of the standard
are:
— Part 1: Power driven winches [the present document];
— Part 2: Power driven hoists.
For the relationship with other European Standards for cranes, see informative Annex G.

oSIST prEN 14492-1:2015
prEN 14492-1:2015 (E)
Introduction
This European standard is a harmonized standard to provide one means for power driven winches to conform
to the essential health and safety requirements the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provision of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built in accordance with the provisions of this type C standard.
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prEN 14492-1:2015 (E)
1 Scope
This draft European Standard is applicable to the design, information for use, maintenance and testing of
power driven winches for which the prime mover is an electric motor, hydraulic motor, internal combustion
motor or pneumatic motor. Winches are designed for the movement or manipulation of loads supported on
level or inclined planes in situations where risks resulting from a failure of the winding mechanism or pulling
medium are mitigated by external control measures.
This draft European Standard is not applicable to devices which handle freely suspended loads, e.g.
construction winches.
Generally, a winch is used without any additional transport movement, except in cases where a winch is used
on a stranded vehicle for self-recovery of the vehicle.
This European Standard is applicable to the following types of winch:
a) rope winches;
b) belt winches, except steel belts used as pulling media;
c) traction winches.
These types of winches a) to c) also include the following specific applications:
— vehicle recovery winches;
— winches on boat trailers;
— forestry winches;
— winches for stationary offshore applications;
— winches for drilling applications.
NOTE Examples are shown in Annex A.
This European Standard does not apply to:
— power-driven hoists in accordance with EN 14492-2;
— winches for seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units;
— winches for the lifting of persons;
— NGL building hoists in accordance with EN 14492-2;
— winches for the handling of hot molten masses (risk covered by EN 14492-2).
The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4.
This European Standard does not specify additional requirements for hazards related to the use of winches in
explosive atmospheres in underground works.
This document applies to winches manufactured after approval by CEN with a transitional period of 2 years.
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2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Pneumatics
EN 1127-1:2011, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts
and methodology
EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and
indicating devices
EN 12644-1:2001+A1:2008, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions
EN 12644-2:2000+A1:2008, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking
EN 13001-1:2004+A1:2009, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements
EN 13001-2:2004, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions
EN 13001-3-1:2012+A1:2013, Cranes — General Design — Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of
steel structure
EN 13001-3-2:2014, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire
ropes in reeving systems
prEN 13001-3-5:2013, Cranes — General design — Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged
hooks
EN 13135:2013, Cranes —Safety — Design — Requirements for equipment
EN 13411-3:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-
securing
EN 13411-4:2011, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Metal and resin socketing
EN 13411-6:2004+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket
EN 13411-7:2006+A1:2008, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 7: Symmetric wedge socket
EN 13463-1:2009, Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Basic
method and requirements
EN 13463-5:2011, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 5:
Protection by constructional safety 'c'
EN 13557:2003+A2:2008, Cranes — Controls and control stations
EN 14492-2:2006, Cranes — Power driven winches and hoists — Part 2: Power driven hoists
EN 60034-5:2001, Rotating electrical machines — Part 5: Degrees of protection provided by the integral
design of rotating electrical machines (IP code) — Classification (IEC 60034-5:2000)
EN 60079-0:2012, Explosive atmospheres — Part 0: Equipment — General requirements (IEC 60079-0:2011,
modified)
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EN 60079-1:2007, Explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures "d"
(IEC 60079-1:2007)
EN 60079-2, Explosive atmospheres — Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized enclosure "p"
(IEC 60079-2:2007)
EN 60079-5:2007, Explosive atmospheres — Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling "q" (IEC 60079-
5:2007)
EN 60079-6:2007, Explosive atmospheres — Part 6: Equipment protection by oil immersion "o" (IEC 60079-
6:2007)
EN 60079-7:2003, Explosive atmospheres — Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"
(IEC 60079-7:2001)
EN 60079-11:2012, Explosive atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"
(IEC 60079-11:2011)
EN 60079-18:2009, Explosive atmospheres — Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation "m"
(IEC 60079-18:2009)
EN 60079-25:2010, Explosive atmospheres — Part 25: Intrinsically safe electrical systems (IEC 60079-
25:2010)
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 61000-6-2:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-2: Generic standards — Immunity for
industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:2005)
EN 61000-6-3:2001, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-3: Generic standards — Emission
standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (CISPR/IEC 61000-6-3:1996, modified)
EN 61000-6-4:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards — Emission
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4:2006)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
ISO 4301-1:1986, Cranes and lifting appliances — Classification — Part 1: General
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ISO 12482:2014, Cranes — Monitoring for crane design working period
FEM 9.901:1991, Rules for the design of series lifting equipment and cranes equipped with series lifting
equipment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100 and the following apply.
3.1
winch
machine designed for the movement or manipulation of a load supported on level or inclined planes using a
pulling medium (e.g. rope) and winding mechanism
Note 1 to entry: Examples are given in Annex A.
3.2
anchorage
complete device to anchor the pulling media to a fixed point
3.3
belt drive
system of belts, belt pulleys, belt drums and belt anchorages
3.4
direct control
main power circuit is directly controlled by the hand controlled actuator without additional means between the
actuator and the main power circuit
3.5
fleet angle
angle β or β − α or β + α (see Figure 1)

Key
β = fleet angle on the pulley
β − α or β + α
= fleet angle on the drum
α = angle of the grooves on the drum
Figure 1 — Fleet angle
Note 1 to entry: On drums without grooves, the fleet angle is the angle between the rope axis and a line drawn
perpendicular to the axis of the drum.
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3.6
force transmission
two or more connected parts which transmit forces
3.7
forestry winches
rope winches fitted to forestry machines such as pushing tractors and row crop tractors according to ISO 6814
and used on agricultural tractors, e.g. for fitting in a three-point rod assembly, used in the forest
3.8
hydraulic components
elements (e.g. valves, filters) interconnected and forming an operational hydraulic system
3.9
hydraulic overpressure
pressure exceeding the rated pressure or dynamic pressure
3.10
hydraulic systems
definition in ISO 5598 applies
3.11
hydraulic transmission
supply, control and distribution of energy by means of pressurised fluid
3.12
indirect control
main power circuit is controlled by additional means between the hand controlled actuator and the main power
circuit
3.13
raising/lowering
movement of the load which results in a change to its vertical position
3.14
maximum speed
maximum of all speeds in accordance with the intended purpose
Note 1 to entry: For inverter driven winches this speed can occur at the maximum frequency but with a load smaller
than the maximum pulling force of the winch.
3.15
power source
provider of the energy to drive the prime mover of a winch e.g.: electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, or by internal
combustion
3.16
pulling
moving of loads supported on level or inclined planes where the removal of the pulling force or a failure of the
pulling mechanism or pulling medium results either in no movement, or controllable movements of the load
Note 1 to entry: A controllable movement means a movement which can be affected by external control measures
(see Scope).
3.17
pulling medium
means by which the winch is connected to the load (e.g. rope, belt)
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3.18
pulling force limiter
device that automatically prevents the winch from pulling loads in excess of its rated pulling force, taking into
account the dynamic effects occurring during normal operational use
3.19
rated lowering speed
linear speed of the pulling medium when paying-out under the influence of a load corresponding to the
maximum pulling force of the winch, which implies:
— in case of electric motors the rated voltage and rated frequency applies;
— in case of hydraulic motors the rated flow applies;
— in case of pneumatic motors the rated pressure applies;
for rope winches, the speed at the lowest rope-layer on the drum
3.20
rated pressure
pressure in hydraulic or pneumatic systems at which the component is intended to operate for a number of
repetitions sufficient to assure adequate service life
3.21
rated pulling force
largest force which the winch is designed to pull
Note 1 to entry: In the case of winches with multi-layer winding, this is the value in the bottom layer of the drum.
3.22
rated pulling speed
linear speed of the load when pulling under the effect of a load corresponding to the maximum pulling force of
the winch
— in case of electric motors, the rated voltage and rated frequency applies;
— in case of hydraulic motors, the rated flow applies;
— in case of pneumatic motors, the rated pressure applies
3.23
rope anchorage
arrangement comprising the parts which connect the rope termination to the major load bearing structure,
e.g. pins, bolts, compensating levers, tension rods
Note 1 to entry: This does not include the rope fastening on the rope drum.
3.24
rope drive
system of ropes running on rope drums or traction sheaves and over rope sheaves, and rope attachment
parts
3.25
rope end termination
arrangement that has direct contact with the rope in order to allow its connection to e.g. rope anchorage and
hook
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3.26
rope fastening on the rope drum
all parts with which the rope is fastened on the rope drum
3.27
stall torque (of an a.c. motor)
maximum steady-state asynchrony torque which the motor develops without an abrupt drop in speed, when
the motor is supplied at the rated voltage and frequency
3.28
vehicle recovery winches
winches fitted e.g. onto a recovery vehicle used for pulling an inoperative or stranded vehicle onto the
recovery truck, or for righting an overturned vehicle, or for removing a load from an inoperative or stranded
vehicle
Note 1 to entry: Vehicle recovery winches may also be directly fitted to a vehicle and used for self-recovery and/or
recovery of another vehicle.
3.29
winches on boat trailers
winches fitted to boat trailers and used for lowering the boat from the trailer into the water, or pulling the boat
out of the water onto the trailer
3.30
working coefficient (for pulling medium)
ratio of the minimum breaking force of the pulling medium and the maximum possible pulling force
Note 1 to entry: The maximum possible pulling force results from the maximum force when the pulling force limiter
operates, if fitted, or from the maximum motor torque.
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 shows a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to
persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. It also contains the relevant clauses in this European
Standard that are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with those hazards.
The significant hazards are based upon EN ISO 12100.
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Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements
Relevant clause(s) in this
Hazards
European Standard
1 Mechanical hazards due to:
a) machine parts or workpieces, e.g.:
5.1
1) shape;
n.a.
2) relative location;
5.1
3) mass and stability (potential energy of elements
which may move under the effect of gravity);

4) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of elements in
5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9,
controlled or uncontrolled motion);
5.10, 5.11, 5.18.2, 5.18.3
5) inadequacy of mechanical strength
5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.10, 5.11
b) accumulation of energy inside the machinery, e.g.:

1) elastic elements (springs);
5.1
2) liquids and gases under pressure;
5.13
c) the effect of vacuum
1.1 Crushing hazard 5.
...