ISO/TS 24217-1:2023

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 24217-1
First edition
2023-07
Fine bubble technology — Guideline
for indicating benefits —
Part 1:
Requirements for systematic
classification of effective functions of
fine bubbles
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Effective functions of fine bubble technology . 2
5 Application fields of fine bubble technology . 4
6 Systematic classification of fine bubble technology from the viewpoints of
application fields and the effective functions . 5
7 Assignment of systematic classification in standards . 6
8 Review and revision of standards .6
Annex A (informative) Brief history of micro bubble technology . 7
Annex B (informative) Brief history of ultrafine bubble technology . 8
Bibliography .10
iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 281, Fine bubble technology.
A list of all parts in the ISO 24217 series can be found on the ISO website.
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iv
Introduction
th
Fine bubble technologies have been developed and introduced from the early 20 century. Especially,
microbubbles have been actually introduced in various application areas such as the froth flotation,
ultrasonic imaging, purification of contaminated water and the enhancement of growth of living things
in the ocean. One reason of microbubble application is due to the visible character of microbubbles.
th
Fine bubble technologies has been investigated academically since the late 20 century. As for the
application of the ultrafine bubbles, investigation into their many usages has made great advances
since the year 2000.
There have been various kinds of application technology of fine bubbles recently. The application
fields include engineering application, environmental application, agro-aqua and food application and
medical, living and cosmetic application.
From the viewpoints of effective functions of fine bubble technology, there are various kinds of
effective functions. They include cleaning effect, water treatment effect, sterilizing promotion effect,
growth promotion effect, lubrication effect, control of chemical reaction, improvement in food quality
and control of material processing.
If the systematic classification of fine bubble technology from the viewpoints of the application fields
and the effective functions has been established, the identification of each fine bubble technology
is possible to be made, and be classified in the matrix and furthermore, the extension of the other
application are imagined.
Therefore, the International Standards are made for the systematic classification of fine bubble
technology from the viewpoints of application fields and the effective functions.
This document provides a path for fine bubble suppliers to contribute properly to the various application
fields. Furthermore, by showing to fine bubble users and potential customers, it will be able to help
them to bring the effective functions to the other important applications.
In addition, this document bears a guideline for standards developers to judge when expressing the
contents of application fields and the effective functions of fine bubble technology and is not subject to
the conformity assessment.
v
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 24217-1:2023(E)
Fine bubble technology — Guideline for indicating
benefits —
Part 1:
Requirements for systematic classification of effective
functions of fine bubbles
1 Scope
This document provides in detail how the standards of fine bubble technologies can contribute to
establish the systematic classification of fine bubble technologies including the effective functions
and the application fields of fine bubbles, which is useful for the users and the potential customers to
optimize the application of fine bubble technologies.
This document also specifies the clauses required for fine bubble standards, including a description
relating application fields and effective functions of fine bubble technologies.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20480-1, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 1: Terminology
ISO 20480-2, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 2: Categorization of the attributes of fine bubbles
ISO 20480-3, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 3: Methods for generating fine bubbles
ISO 20480-4, Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles —
Part 4: Terminology related to microbubble beds
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20480-1, ISO 20480-2,
ISO 20480-3, ISO 20480-4, and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
systematic classification
tables and figures where fine bubble technologies are identified and explained from various kinds of
viewpoints, such as application fields , effective functions
3.2
application fields
applied areas and fields of industry where fine bubble technologies are effectively used, demonstrated
and commercialized
3.3
effective function
useful and characterized phenomena obtained successfully by the fine bubble technologies, which are
used in the actual industrial applications
4 Effective functions of fine bubble technology
There are several effective functions of fine bubble technology demonstrated in the literature
and described in Table 1 and Table 2. Since the fine bubble has been determined to be composed of
microbubbles, which have the diameter between 1 μm and 100 μm, and ultrafine bubbles, which have
the diameter less than 1 μm, the description of the effective functions would be discussed separately.
Microbubble applications: As for the effective functions of using micro bubbles, effective functions
would be related to the froth floatation, ultrasonic imaging, purification of contaminated water and the
enhancement of living things in the ocean as explained in the Annex A.
Froth floatation: The froth floatation would belong to one kind of control of chemical reaction by the
separation of some kinds of metallic element. This floating method used micro bubbles and surface
surfactants based on the mechanism that the bubble surfaces would attract the hydrophobic metallic
[1]
element more than the hydrophilic rock element .
Fine Bubbles for Ultrasonic Imaging inside Body: The generation of ultrasonic contrast agent to the
medical application has been established from the viewpoints of fine bubble formation and microcapsule
[2][3]
generation .
Purification of Contaminated Water: Cleaning and purification of contaminated water in the lakes,
[4]
ponds and dams with oil contamination and with the lack of oxygen have been used from about 1995.
Enhancement of Growth of Oysters, Scallop and Pearls: These application technologies have been
[5]
established for getting rid of the damages of HABs (Harmful Algal Blooms) around 1999. These
harmful algal blooms had made the red coloured sea water and the lack of oxygen for fishes and
oysters. The injection of microbubbles included water has made the significant effects for decreasing
the damages. Various application areas have been developed such as effective bathing, drag reduction
of ships by using the microbubbles.
There were several challenges independently for clarifying the characteristics of ultrafine bubbles and
investigating the applications of ultrafine bubbles from about 2000 to 2008. Then, many challenges
have been made continuously in many application fields, as shown in Annex B.
The effective functions generated by ultrafine bubbles are explained in Table 1 as follows:
a) Cleaning effect.
b) Water treatment.
c) Sterilizing promotion effect.
d) Growth promotion.
e) Lubrication effect.
f) Control of chemical reaction.
g) Improvement in food quality.
h) Material processing.
Table 1 — Effective functions related to the application of fine bubble technologies
No. Effective function Description of each effective function
see ISO 20480-2, ISO
20480-3, ISO 24261-
1, ISO 24261-2
A Cleaning effect, see — Toilet cleaning
ISO 21256-3, ISO
— Removal of salt from the bridges, see ISO/TS 21256-1
20480-2 and ISO
20480-3
— Cleaning of vegetables
— Removal of contaminants on the semiconductor wafers
— Cleaning inside of mouth
— Cleaning of ceramic membrane
— Detergent free cleaning
B Water treatment — Dissolution of oxygen lack of ponds and lakes
effect,
— Floatation mining of minerals
see ISO 20480-4
— Water treatment of disposed and contaminated water
(minimizing the total amount of disposal in isolated area, promoting the growth
of bacteriu
...