ISO 21815-1:2022

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21815-1
First edition
2022-01
Earth-moving machinery — Collision
warning and avoidance —
Part 1:
General requirements
Reference number
© ISO 2022
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Performance requirements . .4
4.1 General requirements . 4
4.1.1 General . 4
4.1.2 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) . 4
4.1.3 Environmental condition requirements . 4
4.1.4 Functional safety . . . 4
4.1.5 Risk assessment . 4
4.1.6 Analysis on machine modification . 5
4.2 Requirements on CxS . 5
4.2.1 General . 5
4.2.2 Detection of intended objects . 5
4.2.3 Collision risk levels and CxS actions . 5
4.2.4 System limitations . 5
4.3 Outline of process flow for CxS . 6
4.4 False CxS actions . 6
4.5 Operating state transition of CxS . 6
4.5.1 General . 6
4.5.2 Switching between normal mode and stand-by mode . 6
4.5.3 Switching between normal mode to override mode . 7
4.5.4 Status information . 7
4.6 Self-checking, status indication and failure warning . 7
4.7 Protection against unauthorized modification of system functions . 8
5 System classification .8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 System capability types . 8
5.2.1 Take-off inhibition CxS (TIC) . 8
5.2.2 Swing inhibition CxS (SIC) . 8
5.2.3 Manoeuvring speed CxS (MSC) . 8
5.2.4 Travel speed CxS (TSC) . . 8
5.3 System types . 9
5.4 Types of detection . 9
5.5 Description of systems . 9
6 Test procedures . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Test condition . 9
6.2.1 Test environment condition . 9
6.2.2 Test surface conditions . 9
6.3 Subject machine conditions . 10
6.4 Specification of test objects . 10
6.5 Performance test . 10
6.5.1 General . 10
6.5.2 Test object installation . 10
6.5.3 Subject machine . 10
6.5.4 Test result judgement criteria . 10
6.6 False positive CxS action test . 10
7 CxS information for use .11
7.1 Information for the operator . 11
iii
7.2 Information about residual risks . 11
Annex A (informative) Machine interaction scenario common examples .12
Annex B (informative) Comparison of system functions .14
Annex C (informative) Example of operator’s manual .15
Bibliography .17
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery,
Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements, in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 82, Mining, ISO/TC 82, Mining, Subcommittee SC 8, Advanced automated mining
systems, ISO/TC 195, Building construction machinery and equipment and ISO/TC 195 Building
construction machinery and equipment , Subcommittee SC 3 Drilling and foundation machinery and
equipment.
A list of all parts in the ISO 21815 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can
...