ISO/TR 9241-810:2020
(Main)Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 810: Robotic, intelligent and autonomous systems
Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 810: Robotic, intelligent and autonomous systems
This document addresses: — physically embodied RIA systems, such as robots and autonomous vehicles with which users will physically interact; — systems embedded within the physical environment with which users do not consciously interact, but which collect data and/or modify the environment within which people live or work such as smart building and, mood-detection; — intelligent software tools and agents with which users actively interact through some form of user interface; — intelligent software agents which act without active user input to modify or tailor the systems to the user's behaviour, task or some other purpose, including providing context specific content/information, tailoring adverts to a user based on information about them, user interfaces that adapt to the cognitive or physiological state, "ambient intelligence"; — the effect on users resulting from the combined interaction of several RIA systems such as conflicting behaviours between the RIA systems under the same circumstances; — the complex system-of-systems and sociotechnical impacts of the use of RIA systems, particularly on society and government. This document is not an exploration of the philosophical, ethical or political issues surrounding robotics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and intelligent machines or environments. For matters of ethics and political issues, see standards such as BS 8611 and IEC P7000. However, this document does identify where and why ethical issues need to be taken into account for a wide range of systems and contexts, and as such it provides information relevant to the broader debate regarding RIA systems. This document has a broader focus than much of the early work on autonomy that relates to the automation of control tasks and mechanization of repetitive physical or cognitive tasks, and centres on levels of automation. Although this document addresses a wide range of technology applications, and sector and stakeholder views on the issues, the treatment of each can be incomplete due to the diverse and increasingly varied applications of RIA systems.
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système — Partie 810: Titre manque
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 9241-810
First edition
2020-08
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction —
Part 810:
Robotic, intelligent and autonomous
systems
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Report contents and structure . 2
6 Concepts . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 IT concepts . 4
6.2.1 Intelligent agent . . . 4
6.2.2 Autonomous agent . 4
6.2.3 Machine learning . 4
6.2.4 Autonomous robot . 4
6.2.5 ISO robot . 5
6.3 Ergonomics concepts . 5
6.3.1 Ergonomics concern for RIA systems . 5
6.3.2 Design approaches for RIA systems . 5
6.3.3 Perceived autonomy . 6
6.3.4 Control loop . 6
7 Categories of human-RIA system issues . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 RIA system — effects on a human . 7
7.3 Human-RIA system interaction . 8
7.4 Multiple RIA systems interacting — effects on humans . 8
7.5 RIA system — organizational . 8
7.6 Social/cultural/ethical . 8
7.7 Emergent societal . 8
8 Ergonomics and RIA systems . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Benefits of ergonomics applied to RIA systems . 9
8.3 Hazards if ergonomics is not applied to RIA systems.10
9 Areas of RIA systems addressed by ergonomics standards .11
9.1 General .11
9.2 Principles of ergonomics .11
9.3 Human-centred design process .12
9.4 Interaction and interface .12
9.5 Accessibility .13
9.6 Workspace and workload .14
9.7 Context and environment .14
10 Changes in ergonomics standards required to better address RIA system technology .15
10.1 General .15
10.2 Type of guidance needed and for which readerships .15
10.3 Transparent interaction and transparent users .16
10.4 Safety aspects of RIA systems .17
Annex A (informative) Human-RIA system issues .19
Annex B (informative) Examples/case studies of ergonomics issues for RIA systems .25
Annex C (informative) Development of ergonomics .34
Annex D (informative) Changes required to ergonomics standards .37
Annex E (informative) Approach followed to develop this report .48
Bibliography .50
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Introduction
Product development of systems with robot, intelligent and autonomous characteristics is rapidly
progressing. Given the human-system issues of such systems, timely guidance covering these issues
is necessary to help all sectors of industry to design, field and operate first-time quality robotic,
intelligent, autonomous (RIA) systems, and build appropriate trust in products and services that use
these systems.
There is an urgent need for a Technical Report from ISO explaining the existing, emerging and potential
human-system issues and consequences for use and users associated with systems that have robot,
intelligent and autonomous characteristics. This document explains the existing, emerging and
potential human-system issues and consequences for use and users associated with systems that have
RIA characteristics. It identifies the potential risks and priorities for standardization to address these
issues. Solutions will be the subject of future standards.
This document reviews the ergonomics for a range of RIA systems. It describes the human-system
issues that should be considered in the application of these technologies and identification of priorities
for future standardization work. The purpose of this study is to identify and explore the ramifications
of a categories of issues involving RIA systems that suggest a need to reset the boundaries of what is
called ergonomics. The conclusion is that to make an ergonomic RIA system, the practice of ergonomics
will need to do more, working together with new disciplines, and can require new tools, methods and
approaches to support the design and integration of these types of systems into working environments
and organizations. Ergonomics will also need to identify relevant research from a wide variety of
scienti
...
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 9241-810
First edition
2020-08
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction —
Part 810:
Robotic, intelligent and autonomous
systems
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Report contents and structure . 2
6 Concepts . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 IT concepts . 4
6.2.1 Intelligent agent . . . 4
6.2.2 Autonomous agent . 4
6.2.3 Machine learning . 4
6.2.4 Autonomous robot . 4
6.2.5 ISO robot . 5
6.3 Ergonomics concepts . 5
6.3.1 Ergonomics concern for RIA systems . 5
6.3.2 Design approaches for RIA systems . 5
6.3.3 Perceived autonomy . 6
6.3.4 Control loop . 6
7 Categories of human-RIA system issues . 7
7.1 General . 7
7.2 RIA system — effects on a human . 7
7.3 Human-RIA system interaction . 8
7.4 Multiple RIA systems interacting — effects on humans . 8
7.5 RIA system — organizational . 8
7.6 Social/cultural/ethical . 8
7.7 Emergent societal . 8
8 Ergonomics and RIA systems . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Benefits of ergonomics applied to RIA systems . 9
8.3 Hazards if ergonomics is not applied to RIA systems.10
9 Areas of RIA systems addressed by ergonomics standards .11
9.1 General .11
9.2 Principles of ergonomics .11
9.3 Human-centred design process .12
9.4 Interaction and interface .12
9.5 Accessibility .13
9.6 Workspace and workload .14
9.7 Context and environment .14
10 Changes in ergonomics standards required to better address RIA system technology .15
10.1 General .15
10.2 Type of guidance needed and for which readerships .15
10.3 Transparent interaction and transparent users .16
10.4 Safety aspects of RIA systems .17
Annex A (informative) Human-RIA system issues .19
Annex B (informative) Examples/case studies of ergonomics issues for RIA systems .25
Annex C (informative) Development of ergonomics .34
Annex D (informative) Changes required to ergonomics standards .37
Annex E (informative) Approach followed to develop this report .48
Bibliography .50
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Introduction
Product development of systems with robot, intelligent and autonomous characteristics is rapidly
progressing. Given the human-system issues of such systems, timely guidance covering these issues
is necessary to help all sectors of industry to design, field and operate first-time quality robotic,
intelligent, autonomous (RIA) systems, and build appropriate trust in products and services that use
these systems.
There is an urgent need for a Technical Report from ISO explaining the existing, emerging and potential
human-system issues and consequences for use and users associated with systems that have robot,
intelligent and autonomous characteristics. This document explains the existing, emerging and
potential human-system issues and consequences for use and users associated with systems that have
RIA characteristics. It identifies the potential risks and priorities for standardization to address these
issues. Solutions will be the subject of future standards.
This document reviews the ergonomics for a range of RIA systems. It describes the human-system
issues that should be considered in the application of these technologies and identification of priorities
for future standardization work. The purpose of this study is to identify and explore the ramifications
of a categories of issues involving RIA systems that suggest a need to reset the boundaries of what is
called ergonomics. The conclusion is that to make an ergonomic RIA system, the practice of ergonomics
will need to do more, working together with new disciplines, and can require new tools, methods and
approaches to support the design and integration of these types of systems into working environments
and organizations. Ergonomics will also need to identify relevant research from a wide variety of
scienti
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.