ISO/IEC TR 19788-11:2017

TECHNICAL ISO/IEC TR
REPORT 19788-11
First edition
2017-04
Information technology — Learning,
education and training — Metadata
for learning resources —
Part 11:
Migration from LOM to MLR
Technologies de l’information — Apprentissage, éducation et
formation — Métadonnées pour ressources d’apprentissage —
Partie 11: Migration du LOM vers le MLR
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2017
© ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Naming resources in MLR. 2
6 From Learning Object Metadata to MLR data elements (informative) .3
6.1 General category . 3
6.1.1 LOM data element general . 3
6.1.2 LOM to MLR mapping example . 3
6.2 Lifecycle category . 7
6.2.1 LOM data element lifeCycle . 7
6.2.2 LOM to MLR mapping example . 7
6.3 Meta-metadata category .11
6.3.1 LOM data element metaMetadata .11
6.3.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .11
6.4 Technical category .15
6.4.1 LOM data element technical .15
6.4.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .15
6.5 Educational category .19
6.5.1 LOM data element educational .19
6.5.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .19
6.6 Rights category .23
6.6.1 LOM data element rights .23
6.6.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .23
6.7 Relation category .25
6.7.1 LOM data element relation .25
6.7.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .25
6.8 Annotation category .27
6.8.1 LOM data element annotation .27
6.8.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .28
6.9 Classification category .31
6.9.1 LOM data element classification .31
6.9.2 LOM to MLR mapping example .32
7 Consideration of LOM data element with list of values (informative) .33
7.1 Data elements: Trees vs. Graphs .33
7.2 Representing LOM ordered list of items (values or resources) in the MLR .34
7.3 Ordered LOM data element to MLR mapping example .35
7.3.1 LOM instance excerpt .35
7.3.2 MLR data elements (Turtle syntax) .37
8 MLR records and mutable MLR records (informative) .38
8.1 Encoding of MLR Records .38
8.2 Representation of MLR records and mutable MLR records .38
8.3 Examples of representations .39
8.3.1 Explicit use of property “has representation” .39
8.3.2 Web architecture and implicit use of property “has representation” .40
8.4 Resources denoted by HTTP IRIs and Web architecture .40
Annex A (informative) Globally unique identifiers for resources .41
Annex B (informative) LOM instance examples .43
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved iii

Annex C (informative) An MLR record for LOM instance “Example 3” .54
Annex D (informative) Representation of some LOM entities as structured literals .58
Bibliography .68
iv © ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC36, Information
technology for learning, education and training.
A list of parts in the ISO/IEC 19788 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO/IEC 2017 – All rights reserved v

Introduction
The primary purpose of ISO/IEC 19788 series is to facilitate
— the description of a learning resource by providing a standards-based approach to the identification
and specification of data elements required to describe a learning resource, and
— the search, discovery, acquisition, evaluation, and use of learning resources, for instance by learners,
instructors or automated software processes.
The primary purpose of ISO/IEC 19788 series is to specify metadata elements and their attributes
for the description of learning resources. This includes the rules governing the identification of data
elements and the specification of their attributes.
ISO/IEC 19788 provides data elements for the description of learning resources and resources directly
related to learning resources.
ISO/IEC 19788 provides principles, rules and structures for the specification of the description of a
learning resource; it identifies and specifies the attributes of a data element as well as the rules
governing their use. The key principles stated in ISO/IEC 19788-1 are informed by a user requirements-
driven context with the aim of supporting multilingual and cultural adaptability requirements from a
global perspective.
ISO/IEC 19788-1 is information technology neutral and defines a set of common approaches, i.e.
methodologies and constructs, which apply to the development of the subsequent Parts of ISO/IEC 19788
The introduction to ISO/IEC 19788-1 (MLR Framework) states “ISO/IEC 19788 aims to specify data
elements relating to learning resources to be expressed in a range of established formats, providing
optimal compatibility with IEEE 1484.12.1-2002 […]”.
This document aims at setting best practices for a (partial) migration path from the IEEE 1484.12.1-
2002 (LOM) to the ISO/IEC 19788 series.
This document does not provide a MLR application profile, but rules and heuristics for a crosswalk
from the LOM to MLR. As MLR provides many other features, including the use of resource classes as
domain and codomain, organizations that want to
...