IEC 61189-4/FRAG5

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1999
Electromechanical equipment guide for small hydroelectric installations
Electromechanical equipment guide for small hydroelectric installations
Guide pour l'équipement électromécanique des petits aménagements hydro-électriques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC 61116
ICS:
27.140 Vodna energija Hydraulic energy engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

NORME CEI
IEC
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1992-10
l'équipement électromécanique
Guide pour
électriques
des petits aménagements hydro-
Electromechanical equipment guide
for small hydroelectric installations
réservés — Copyright — all rights reserved
© CEI 1992 Droits de reproduction
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher
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XA
International Electrotechnical Commission PRICE CODE
IEC
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Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
• •
For price, see current catalogue

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CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 7
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
Clause
1.1 Scope and object 9
1.2 Normative references
1.3 Nomenclature
1.4 Methodology
SECTION 2 - DESCRIPTION OF INSTALLATION AND
OPERATING CONDITIONS OF POWER STATION
2.1 Site conditions
2.2 Hydraulic conditions for plant and design criteria for the units
17 2.3 Electrical conditions for plant operation
17 2.3.1 The plant is intended to operate in isolated network
2.3.2 The plant is intended to operate in parallel with a grid which
imposes the frequency
19 2.3.3 Energy transport and distribution
21 2.4 Types of regulation and modes of operation
2.4.1 Frequency regulation
2.4.2 Level control
21 2.4.3 Flow regulation
2.4.4 Simplified governing
21 2.5 Automation, telemetry, remote control, alarms
SECTION 3 - EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Technical requirements
3.2 Limits of the supply
3.2.1 For the hydraulic system
3.2.2 For the electric system
23 3.2.3 Elements not normally included in the supply
23 3.3 Specifications of the elements of the plant
3.3.1 Trashrack and rack cleaner 25
3.3.2 Water-level control
3.3.3 Discharge closure devices (see figure 7)
3.3.4 Penstock
3.3.5 Turbine (see figure 8) 29
3.3.6 Generator
3.3.7 Automatic control system
41 3.3.8 Main transformers (reference can be made to IEC 76)

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Page
Clause
41 3.3.9 Auxiliary equipment
45 3.3.10 Spare parts and special tools
45 3.3.11 Mechanical handling
3.3.12 Corrosion protection
3.4 Guarantees
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Discharge closure devices 49
3.4.3 Turbine 49
3.4.4 Generator 49
49 3.4.5 Governor
51 3.4.6 Speed increaser
51 3.4.7 Comments concerning the complete generating set
51 3.4.8 Main transformer
3.5 General conditions for tender enquiries and comparison of tenders
3.5.1 Instructions to tenderers
53 3.5.2 General conditions of contract
53 3.5.3 Technical comparison of tenders
SECTION 4 – INSPECTION, DELIVERY, OPERATION
AND MAINTENANCE
4.1 Approval of the design and inspection of the work
4.1.1 Approval of design documents
4.1.2 Inspection of materials and sub-assemblies
55 4.1.3 Inspection at manufacturer's works
57 4.1.4 Delivery
4.1.5 Assembly at site
4.2 Commissioning
59 4.2.1 Preliminary checks before watering-up
4.2.2 Watering-up
61 4.2.3 Unit rotation
63 4.2.4 Preliminary checks and electrical load tests
63 4.3 Operation
63 4.3.1 Probationary period
65 4.3.2 Guarantee period
4.3.3 Normal operation 69
4.4 Training of personnel
4.5 Checking and maintenance 69
74 Annex A (informative) – Definitions and nomenclature
Tables
Figures 89
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT GUIDE
FOR SMALL HYDROELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
FOREWORD
The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on
1)
which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as
possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National
2)
Committees in that sense.
In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees
3)
should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will
permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as
far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
This International Standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 4:
Hydraulic turbines.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
Six Months' Rule Repo rt on Voting
4(CO)51
4(CO)46
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting
rt indicated in the above table.
Repo
Annex A is for information only.

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ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT GUIDE
FOR SMALL HYDROELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
1.1 Scope and object
This International Standard is used as a guide that applies to hydroelectric installations
with units having power outputs less than 5 MW and turbines with nominal runner
diameters less than 3 m. These figures do not represent absolute limits.
This guide deals only with the direct relations between the purchaser or the consulting
engineer and the supplier. It does not deal with civil works, administrative conditions or
commercial conditions.
This guide is intended to be used by all concerned in the installation of electromechanical
equipment for small hydroelectric plants.
This guide, based essentially on practical information, aims specifically at supplying the
purchaser of the equipment with information which will assist him with the following:
-
preparation of the call for tenders;
- evaluation of the tenders;
- contact with the supplier during the design and manufacture of equipment;
- quality control during the manufacture and shop-testing;
- follow-up of site erection;
- commissioning;
- acceptance tests;
- operation and maintenance.
The guide comprises the following:
a) general requirements for the electromechanical equipment of small hydroelectric
installations;
b) technical specifications for the electromechanical equipment, excluding its dimen-
sioning and standardization;
c) requirements for acceptance, operation and maintenance.
Bearing in mind the type of installation considered, the documents shall be as simple as
possible but must satisfactorily define the particular operation conditions. Over-speci-
fication is harmful to the economy of the project.

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1.2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication of this standard,
rties to
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and pa
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members
of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
rt 1: Rating and performance.
IEC 34-1: 1983, Rotating electrical machines - Pa
rt 2: Methods for determining losses and
IEC 34-2: 1972, Rotating electrical machines - Pa
efficiency of rotating electrical machinery from tests (excluding machines for traction
vehicles).
First supplement: Measurement of losses by the calorimetric method.
IEC 34-2A: 1974,
rt 5: Classification of degrees of
Rotating electrical machines - Pa
IEC 34-5: 1991,
protection provided by enclosures of rotating electrical machines (IP Code).
Field acceptance tests to determine the hydraulic performance of hydraulic
IEC 41: 1991,
turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines.
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (lEV), Chapter 602:
IEC 50(602): 1983,
Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Generation.
High-voltage alternating-current circuit-breakers.
IEC 56: 1987,
Power capacitors.
IEC 70: 1967,
rt 1: General.
IEC 76-1: 1976, Power transformers - Pa
Alternating current disconnectors (isolators) and earthing switches.
IEC 129: 1984,
Current transformers.
IEC 185: 1987,
Voltage transformers.
IEC 186: 1987,
International code for model acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines.
IEC 193: 1965,
Amendment No. 1 (1977).
First supplement to IEC 193 (1965).
IEC 193A: 1972,
International code for testing of speed governing systems for hydraulic
IEC 308: 1970,
turbines.
Guide for commissioning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic turbines.
IEC 545: 1976,
Cavitation pitting evaluation in hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and
IEC 609: 1978,
pump-turbines.
Considering the scope of this guide, it does not cover the initial stage of investigations,
that is to say the preliminary study and feasibility study. Neither does it deal with the
economic study concerning the supply and demand of energy.

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To conclude, the guide does not replace the necessary engineering studies for the selec-
tion, design, manufacture, installation and testing of the equipment. It is intended only to
make the purchaser aware of the important points and data to be furnished, specified and
kept in due consideration in the construction of small hydroelectric plants.
NOTES
1 The IEC standards applicable for the preparation of technical documents are given in clause 1.2. In the
case of small hydro developments, the necessary simplification relevant to the type of installation shall
be made.
2 Where IEC standards do not cover all areas of the equipment, ISO Standards concerning specific
items can be consulted, although where there is conflict between the IEC codes and the ISO Standards
those of the IEC will prevail.
1.3 Nomenclature
See annex A.
1.4 Methodology
In the interests of clarity, the sequence of the necessary steps for the construction of a
small hydroelectric power plant is represented diagrammatically in figure 1.
It principally covers the preparation of technical specifications, the examination of tenders,
the manufacture, and finally the commercial operation and maintenance of equipment.
This sequence also shows the relationship between the different phases and areas of
responsibility of all the parties concerned (consulting engineer, chief resident engineer,
and users).
ices of a
rv
If the purchaser does not have in-house engineering capabilities or the se
consulting engineer he may call for, to facilitate relations with contractors, a "turn-key"
of the
rt
supply, or have at least a leading contractor responsible for the supply of all or pa
electromechanical equipment (e.g. the turbine/generator package, or a "water-to-wire"
package).
SECTION 2 - DESCRIPTION OF INSTALLATION AND
OPERATING CONDITIONS OF POWER STATION
The following data is generally required by the equipment supplier and should appear in
the enquiry. In some cases, all these data are not always readily available. Nevertheless,
it must be emphasized that the more information that is given the better will the project be
understood and therefore the better the technical solution which will result.
2.1 Site conditions
2.1.1 Supply a topographic survey (plan and profile) giving the altitude of the points in-
dicated and the position desired for the main works (see figure 4), water intake, reservoir,
channel, surge tank or head pond, penstock, power plant, headwater, tailwater and their
main characteristics (sections, lengths, materials of the channels and penstocks, etc.).
Indicate the foundation conditions (sand, rock, soft ground, etc.).
2.1.2 Attach numbered pictures with cross-references to the topographic survey
described in 2.1.1, showing the setting and location of the main works.

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2.1.3 Supply the chemical analysis of the water with extremes of temperature and, if
necessary, the amount and size of sediments carried by the water in the area around the
water intake or downstream of the sand trap, if any.
Indicate the presence of any living organisms or floating debris, etc.
2.1.4 Specify the local conditions; extremes of air temperature, humidity, occurrence of
strong winds, earthquakes, etc.
2.1.5 Indicate any transport or access limitations.
2.1.6 Certain information mentioned in 4.1.5.1 and 4.1.5.3 (erection) may also be shown
in the tender enquiry if this reflects a particular feature of the purchaser's own country.
2.1.7 State if it is run-of-river (see figure 3) or a scheme with a reservoir.
Indicate if there exist any particular operational constraints: e.g. multi-purpose scheme,
environmental, fisheries, etc.
State and describe (with drawings) those elements of the plant which are part of an exist-
ing installation which it is foreseen will eventually be put back into use.
2.1.8 State if the plant will be manned or unmanned.
2.2 Hydraulic conditions for plant and design criteria for the units
2.2.1 Specify the maximum allowable up or down surges in the channels.
2.2.2 Provide a flow duration curve (see figure 2) with an indication of the limiting flows
(guaranteed water supply, irrigation, drinking-water).
in cubic metres per second, and the availability
Qa ,
2.2.3 Specify the chosen design flow,
in days per year.
2.2.4 Specify the extreme water-levels at the intake and at the tail-race in metres (m)
above sea-level, as follows.
a) upstream max . m
min. m
b) downstream max . m
min. m
c) operational range allowed: . m
...