EN 13906-1:2002

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Zylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drähten und Stäben - Berechnung und Konstruktion - Teil 1: DruckfedernRessorts hélicoïdaux cylindriques fabriqués à partir de fils ronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 1: Ressorts de compressionCylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar - Calculation and design - Part 1: Compression springs21.160VzmetiSpringsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13906-1:2002SIST EN 13906-1:2009en,fr,de01-julij-2009SIST EN 13906-1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13906-1April 2002ICS 21.160English versionCylindrical helical springs made from round wire and bar -Calculation and design - Part 1: Compression springsRessorts hélicoïdaux cylindriques fabriqués à partir de filsronds et de barres - Calcul et conception - Partie 1:Ressorts de compressionZylindrische Schraubenfedern aus runden Drähten undStäben - Berechnung und Konstruktion - Teil 1:DruckfedernThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2001.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13906-1:2002 ESIST EN 13906-1:2009

springs.129Calculation formulae.139.1Spring work.139.2Spring force.139.3Spring deflection.139.4Spring rate.139.5Torsional stresses.149.6Nominal diameter of wire or bar.149.7Number of active coils.149.8Total number of coils.149.9Minimum permissible spring length.149.10Solid length.159.11Increase of outside diameter of the spring when loaded.159.12Fundamental frequency.159.13Transverse loading.159.14Buckling.179.15Impact stress.1810Permissible torsional stresses.1810.1Permissible torsional stress at solid length.1810.2Permissible torsional stress under static or quasi-static loading.1910.3Permissible stress range under dynamic loading.20Annex A (informative)
Examples of relaxation for cold coiled springs.28SIST EN 13906-1:2009

1)Hot coiledcompression spring 2)Wire or bar diameterd
17 mm8 mm
d
60 mm9 mm
d
18 mmCoil diameterD
200 mmD
460 mmD
180 mmLength of unloadedspringL0
630 mmL0
800 mmL0
600 mmNumber of active coilsn
2n
n
12Spring index4
w
w
w
12 1) Batch size
5000 parts 2) Batch size > 5000 partsNOTEQuality Standards for compression springs will be developed later.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 10270-1:2001, Steel wire for mechanical
springs - Part
1: Patented cold drawn unalloyed steel spring wire.EN 10270-2:2001, Steel wire for mechanical
springs - Part
2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire.EN 10270-3:2001, Steel wire for mechanical
springs - Part
3: Stainless spring steel wire.EN 12166, Copper and copper alloys - Wire for general purposes.EN ISO 2162-1:1996, Technical product documentation - Springs - Part 1: Simplified representation(ISO 2162-1:1993).EN ISO 2162-3:1996, Technical product documentation - Springs - Part 3: Vocabulary (ISO 2162-3:1993).prEN 10089:2000, Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs – Technical delivery conditions.SIST EN 13906-1:2009

(Hz)natural frequency of the first order of the spring (fundamental frequency)GN/mm²modulus of rigidityk-stress correction factor (depending on D/d )Lmmspring lengthL0mmnominal free length of springL1, L2.mmspring lengths for the spring forces
F1, F2.Lcmmsolid lengthLKmmbuckling lengthLnmmminimum permissible spring length (depending upon Sa)mmmmean distance between centres of adjacent coils in the unloaded condition (pitch)N-number of cycles up to rupturen-number of active coilsnt-total number of coilsRN/mmspring rateRmN/mm²minimum value of tensile strengthSIST EN 13906-1:2009

F1, F2 .scmmspring deflection, for the solid length, Lcshmmdeflection of
spring (stroke ) between two positionssKmmspring deflection, for the buckling force FK (buckling spring deflection)snmmspring deflection, for the spring force
FnsQmmtransverse spring deflection, for the transverse force FQvStm/simpact speedWN mmspring work,dDw-spring index-spring rate ratio-slenderness ratio-relative spring deflection-seating coefficientkg/dm³densityN/mm²uncorrected torsional stress (without the influence of the wire curvature being takeninto account)1, 2 .N/mm²uncorrected torsional stress, for the
spring forces F1, F2 .cN/mm²uncorrected torsional stress, for the solid length Lck N/mm²corrected torsional stress (according to the stress correction factor k)k1, k2 .N/mm²corrected torsional stress, for the
spring forces F1, F2 .khN/mm²corrected torsional stress range, for the stroke shkH (.)N/mm²corrected torsional stress range in fatigue, with the subscript specifying the number ofcycles to rupture or the number of ultimate cyclesknN/mm²corrected torsional stress, for the
spring force FnkO (.)N/mm²corrected maximum torsional stress in fatigue, with the subscript specifying thenumber of
cycles to rupture or the number of ultimate cycles.kU (.)N/mm²corrected minimum torsional stress in fatigue, with the subscript specifying the numberof cycles to rupture or the number of ultimate cyclesnN/mm²uncorrected torsional stress, for the
spring force FnStN/mm²impact stresszulN/mm²permissible torsional stressSIST EN 13906-1:2009

and the spring rate, loading as a function of time: is static or dynamic, in the case of dynamic loading the total number of cycles, N, to rupture, operating temperature and permissible relaxation, transverse loading, buckling, impact loading, other factors (e.g. resonance vibration, corrosion)NOTEIn order to optimise the dimensions of the spring by taking the requirements into account sufficient working spaceshould be provided when designing the product in which the spring will work.SIST EN 13906-1:2009

fatigue strength) a variable loading with greater torsional stress range but only a number of cycles of up to 1046.2 Dynamic loadingIn the case of compression springs dynamic loading is:Loading variable with time with a number of loading cycles over 104 and torsional stress range greater than0,1
fatigue strength ata) constant torsional stress rangeb) variable torsional stress rangeDepending on the required number of cycles N up to rupture it is necessary to differentiate the two cases asfollows:a) infinite life fatigue in which the number of cycles N
107 for cold coiled springs N
106 for hot coiled springsIn this case the torsional stress range is lower than the infinite life fatigue limit.b) limited life fatigue in which N
107 for cold coiled springs N
106 for hot coiled springsIn this case the torsional stress range is greater than the infinite life fatigue limit but smaller than the low cyclefatigue limit.In the case of springs with a time- variable torsional stress range and mean torsional stress, (set of torsional stresscombinations) the maximum values of which are situated above the infinite fatigue life limit, the service life can becalculated as a rough approximation with the aid of cumulative damage hypotheses. In such circumstances theservice life shall be verified by means of a fatigue test.6.3 Operating temperatureThe data relating to the permissible loading of the materials used as given in clause 10 apply at ambienttemperature.SIST EN 13906-1:2009
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