ASTM F2071-00

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 2071 – 00
Standard Specification for
Switch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit
(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope output that is a function of the applied measurand. The
fiber-optic position switch normally consists of a sensor head,
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber-
optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.
optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica-
3.1.4 limit switch—aswitchthatsensesachangeinposition
tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signal
via mechanical contact.
fromonepathtoanotherbyanexternalforceorenergyapplied
3.1.5 open switch—the light path is blocked; signal from
to the switch.
transmitter to receiver is not complete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as the
3.1.6 optical transmittance change—the change in optical
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
power level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, or
only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in
other induced stress.
SI units.
3.1.7 optoelectronics module—unit of the fiber-optic posi-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion switch that contains the optical transmitter and receiver,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and signal conditioning electronics, necessary to convert the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sensed position to the specified output signal. The optoelec-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tronicsmodulemaybeanexpansioncardforamicroprocessor-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
based system, or a stand-alone unit.
1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications
3.1.8 proximity switch—a switch that senses a change in
are included in the Supplement.
position via noncontact means.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.9 sensor head—unit of the fiber-optic position switch
that detects position via changes in optical properties. The
2.1 ASTM Standards:
optoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal is
2.2 ISO Standards:
transmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensor
ISO9001 QualitySystem—ModelforQualityAssurancein
head.Theopticalpathiseithercompleteorblocked,depending
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
on the status of the item being measured, giving an indication
vicing
of the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronics
3. Terminology
module.
3.1.10 steady-state supply voltage—an input voltage that
3.1 Definitions:
does not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (ex:
3.1.1 closed switch—the light path is complete; signal from
65%).
transmitter to receiver is complete.
3.1.11 tether valve limit switch—a limit switch used to
3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarm—the light path is
detect valve position via a tether line connected to the valve
complete. Signal level indicates that the end faces of the
handle.
sensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-
3.1.12 transient supply voltage—avoltagesuperimposedon
ued proper operation.
thesteady-statesupplyvoltagethatisgreaterthanthespecified
3.1.3 fiber-optic position switch—a device that converts
steady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise and fall.
measured position, via changes in fiber-optic properties, to an
4. Classification
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
4.1 Designation—Most switch manufacturers use designa-
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on
tions, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Once under-
Electrical.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2000. Published March 2001.
stood, these designations could aid the purchaser in quickly
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
identifying the switch type, electrical power ratings, and other
AvailablefromInternationalOrganizationforStandardization,CasePostale56,
characteristics.
Geneve, Switzerland CH-1211.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2071–00
4.2 Design—Fiber-optic position switches typically consist (k) Environmental requirements,
of an assembly with three major components: optical sensor (l) Quantity of switches required,
head, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectronics module. The (m) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5),
optoelectronics module shall be interchangeable between any (n) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1),
of the sensor types. (o) Performance requirements (see 8.2),
4.3 Types—The following are common types of fiber-optic (p) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),
position switches: (q) Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),
Proximity (r) When certification is required (see 13),
Limit, pin actuated (s) Special marking requirements (see 14),
Limit, lever actuated (t) Special packaging or package marking requirements
Limit, lever and roller (see 15),
Limit, tether valve (u) When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is not
4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity Switches—The fiber-optic required (see 16.1), and
proximity switch sensor head receives the light beam from the (v) Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).
light source in the optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic
cable.The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an object
6. Materials and Manufacture
in a specific location. The sensor head also receives the light
6.1 PositionSwitches—Materialsforthefiber-opticposition
beam reflection from the object, typically via a wide angle
switchesshallbecorrosionresistantandnoncombustibleorfire
receiving lens, and is detected by the light beam receiving
retardant.
device in the optoelectronics module. When the object moves
into the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into the
7. Physical Properties
receiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It is
7.1 Enclosure—If case sealing is required, the mechanism,
important to consider contrasting light levels between reflec-
materials, and process shall be described. The same should
tionsfrombackgroundobjectswhennoobjecttobedetectedis
apply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-
present and reflections from the object to be detected, when
vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosure
selecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.
requirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements
4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit Switches—The fiber-optic limit
(see 5.2).
switch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device that
7.2 Optoelectronics Module—The optoelectronics module
sensesthepositionoftheobjecttobedetected.Themechanical
shall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-
contact device is typically a pin or plunger, lever, roller, lever
sarytoconvertthesensorheadoutputtothespecifiedelectrical
and roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensor
output. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in consid-
head receives the light beam from the light source in the
eration of their mounting method (type): bulkhead mounted,
optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The same
control enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-
fiber-optic cable allows completion of the light path to a
sor expansion card).
fiber-optic receiver in the optoelectronics module. Dependent
7.3 External Configuration—The outline drawing shall
upon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contact
show the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-
device either completes or breaks the light path upon detection
poundunits)iftheyarenotspecified.Theoutlinedrawingshall
of the object.
include limiting dimensions for electrical and fiber-optic con-
5. Ordering Information nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shall
indicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,
5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer with all
andotherpertinentdimensions.Wherethreadedholesareused,
of the pertinent application data. Recommended data is shown
thread specifications shall be provided.
in 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that are
7.4 Electrical Connection—An electrical interface connec-
not shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also be
tor receptacle and mating plug shall be provided with each
described.
optoelectronicsmoduleofthepositionswitchunlessotherwise
5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Other
should specify the following:
possible electrical interface connections include pigtails and
(a) Title, number, and date of this specification,
terminal boards.
(b) Manufacturer’s part number,
7.5 Size and Weight—The purchaser may have intended
(c) Switch type required (see 4.3),
applications in which size and weight are limited. Size and
(d) Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),
weight restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition require-
(e) Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If control
ments (see 5.2).
enclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,
(f) Length of fiber-optic cable required,
8. Performance Requirements
(g) Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),
(h)Whentheelectricalconnectionmatingplugisnottobe 8.1 Service Life—The purchaser may have a minimum
provided (see 7.4), specified service life requirement that may be critical. Critical
(i) System operating characteristics, service life requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
(j) Materials, requirements (see 5.2).
F2071–00
8.2 Switch Performance—Critical performance require- 11.3 Conformance Tests—Conformance testing is accom-
ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see plished when first-article tests were satisfied by a previous
5.2). The following performance characteristics and environ- acquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability in
mental exposures may or may not be important to each similar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-
purchaser’s intended application. sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of a
(a) Warm-up time, production lot meet a few critical performance requirements.
(b) Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),
12. Test Data
(c) Steady-state supply voltage (dc),
(d) Response time, 12.1 Test Data—Test data shall remain on file at the
manufacturer’s facility for review by the purchaser upon
(e) Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),
(f) Transient supply voltage (dc), request. It is recommended that test data be retained in the
manufacturer’s files for at least three years or a period of time
(g) Change in optical transmittance,
(h) Dynamic range, acceptable to the purchaser and manufacturer.
(i) Ambient light susceptibility,
13. Certification
(j) Temperature,
(k) Humidity, 13.1 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see
5.2), the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples
(l) Salt spray,
(m) Insulation resistance, representing each lot have been either tested or inspected as
directed in this specification and the requirements have been
(n) Power interruption,
(o) Short circuit, met.
(p) Line voltage reversal (dc powered),
14. Product Marking
(q) Output,
14.1 Special purchaser specified product marking shall be
(r) Mechanical life,
listed in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimum
(s) Enclosure,
data to be clearly marked on each switch shall include the
(t) Vibration,
following:
(u) Shock,
14.1.1 Sensor Head:
(v) Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and
(a) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCH—SENSOR
(w) Power system harmonic distortion.
HEAD,”
(b) Manufacturer’s name,
9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
(c) Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number, and
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and
(d) Manufacturer’s part number.
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
14.1.2 Optoelectronics Module:
requirements (see 5.2).
(a) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCH—
9.2 Workmanship—Any special workmanship requirements
OPTOELECTRONICS MODULE”
shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
(b) Manufacturer’s name,
(c) Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number,
10. Number of Tests and Retests
(d) Manufacturer’s part number, and
10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected to
(e) Excitation voltage.
first-articleandconformancetestsshallbespecifiedandshould
depend on the fiber-optic position switch design.As guidance,
15. Packaging and Package Marking
foreachswitchcoveredbyaseparateanddistinctdesign,atest
15.1 Packaging of Product for Delivery—Productshouldbe
specimenforeachdesignshouldrequiretesting.Ininstancesin
packagedandmarkedforshipmentinaccordancewithPractice
which a singular design series may cover multiple switch
D3951.
configurations, a minimum of three test specimens should be
15.2 Special packaging or package marking requirements
tested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechanical simi-
for shipment or storage shall be identified in the acquisition
larities are approved by the purchaser. It is recommended that
requirements (see 5.2).
one unit be tested for each switch configuration regardless of
design similarity. 16. Quality Assurance
16.1 Quality System—Aquality assurance system in accor-
11. Inspection
dancewithISO9001shallbemaintainedtocontrolthequality
11.1 Classification of Inspections—The inspection require- of the product being supplied effectively, unless otherwise
ments specified herein are classified as follows: specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
(a) First-article tests (see 11.2) 16.2 Responsibility for Warranty—Unless otherwise speci-
(b) Conformance tests (see 11.3) fied, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:
11.2 First-Article Tests—First-articletestrequirementsshall (a) All materials used to produce a unit and
bespecified,whereapplicable.First-articletestmethodsshould (b) Workmanship to produce the unit.
be identified for each design and performance characteristic Special warranty requirements shall be specified in the
specified. acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
F2071–00
17. Keywords
17.1 fiber-optic position switch; limit switch; optoelectron-
ics module; position switc
...