ASTM D7208-06

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Designation: D7208 − 06
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in
Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced
Erosion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7208; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers the guidelines, requirements, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and procedures for evaluating the ability of temporary ditch D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
checks to protect earthen channels from stormwater-induced istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600
erosion. Critical elements of this protection are the ability of kN-m/m ))
the temporary ditch check to: D6460 Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion
1.1.1 Slow and/or pond runoff to encourage sedimentation, Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting
thereby reducing soil particle transport downstream; Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
1.1.2 Trap soil particles up stream of structure; and
3. Terminology
1.1.3 Decrease soil erosion.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures,
3.1.1 temporary ditch check (in erosion control), n—a
rather than reduced-scale (bench-scale) simulation, and is
non-permanent barrier consisting of rocks, straw bales, excel-
patterned after conditions typically found on construction sites
sior logs, wattles, lumber, rock bags, interlocking pre-cast
at the conclusion of earthwork operations, but prior to the start
concrete blocks, or other materials installed or constructed
ofrevegetationwork.Thereforethistestmethodconsidersonly
across a drainage way, swale, or other ephemeral waterway to
unvegetated conditions.
reduce flow velocity, decrease erosion, and promote soil
1.3 This test method provides a comparative evaluation of a
retention.
temporary ditch check to baseline bare soil conditions under
controlled and documented conditions.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 Theperformanceofatemporaryditchcheckinreducing
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are
stormwater-induced erosion is determined by subjecting the
provided for information purposes only.
material to simulated stormwater flow in a controlled and
documented environment.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Key elements of the testing process include:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2.1 Calibration of the stormwater simulation equipment;
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2.2 Preparation of the test channel;
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Also, the user must
4.2.3 Documentation of the temporary ditch check(s) to be
comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Oc-
tested;
cupational Health and SafetyAdministration) guidelines, while
4.2.4 Installation of the temporary ditch check(s);
using the test method.
4.2.5 Performance of the test;
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Sediment Control Technology. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 15, 2006. Published July 2006. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7208-06. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7208 − 06
4.2.6 Collection of hydraulic, topographical, and associated The water control structures shall regulate the flow and to
data; direct it into the desired test channel. The water delivery
4.2.7 Analysis of the resultant data; and systemshallbeconstructedsuchthatturbulenceattheentrance
4.2.8 Reporting. to the test channel is minimized. Use of flow straighteners (for
example, tube racks or vanes) are recommended to reduce
5. Significance and Use
turbulence and achieve uniform flow conditions. A direct flow
system (that is, controlled flow diverted from a natural water-
5.1 This test method evaluates temporary ditch checks and
their means of installation to: way) may also be employed for this purpose. The water
delivery system in Fig. 1 shows an example of a closed-loop
5.1.1 Reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations in
stormwater runoff under conditions of varying channel condi- water delivery system.
tions and soil type; and
6.2 Water Source—Any water source shall be suitable for
5.1.2 Improve water quality exiting the area disturbed by
this use provided that it is not sediment laden or contains
earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids.
deleterious materials that could impair the operation of the
5.2 This test method models and examines conditions typi-
pumps.
cally found on construction sites involving earthwork activi-
6.3 Total Station System—The total station system is a
ties, including: highways and roads; airports; residential, com-
standard surveying instrument that is capable of measuring
mercial and industrial developments; pipelines, mines, and
vertical and horizontal angles, and distance, simultaneously to
landfills; golf courses; etc.
determine measurement point coordinates (that is, X, Y and Z
5.3 This test method is a performance test. It is a compara-
axis) and that uses an internal data logger to store this
tive tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of
information for future use. In lieu of a total station system,
different temporary ditch checks and can be used for quality
manual surveying equipment may be used provided that
control to determine product conformance to project specifi-
equivalent accuracy is achievable. Periodic calibration and
cations. Take caution when comparing results from different
certification of this equipment shall be performed.
laboratories because information about between-laboratory
6.4 Velocity Probe—A velocity probe capable of measuring
precision is incomplete and slight differences in soil and other
point velocities to an accuracy of 6 0.03 m/s (0.1 ft/s) shall be
environmental and geotechnical conditions may affect tempo-
used to identify flow conditions during test operation. Accept-
rary ditch check performance. Unique project-specific condi-
able types of probes include electromagnetic, spinning cup,
tions should be taken into consideration.
propeller, and static tube devices. Periodic calibration and
certification of this equipment shall be performed.
6. Apparatus
6.1 WaterDeliverySystem—Thewaterdeliverysystemshall 6.5 Miscellaneous—Other miscellaneous equipment in-
include pump(s), piping, channels, and water control struc- cludes: meteorological equipment (wind speed, temperature,
precipitation), and cameras or video recorders.
tures, as necessary, to achieve the desired hydraulic conditions.
FIG. 1 Typical Closed Looped Water Delivery System
D7208 − 06
7. Procedure 7.3.1.3 Meteorological data;
7.3.1.4 Temporary ditch check product type, description,
7.1 Test Channel Preparation:
and installation procedure; and
7.1.1 Construct earthen test channels using conventional
7.3.1.5 Photo documentation.
earthwork placement techniques similar to procedures outlined
7.3.2 Include the following subjective site information:
in Test Method D6460. Perform compaction of channel bed
general visual conditions of the channel to be tested; general
material to create a stable subgrade.
meteorological information; channel treatment; photographs
7.1.2 Plate the channel surface with a minimum 45 cm (18
and/or videotape, and any supplemental information that is not
in)thickveneerofsoil.Generalsoiltypestobeusedfortesting
included in the following sections, but is thought to be of
shall be loam, clay, and sand. Target grain sizes and plasticity
significance to the test.
indicesareincludedinTable1.Placetheveneerin15cm(6in)
7.3.3 Include the following geotechnical and soils informa-
lifts and compact to 90 6 3 % of standard Proctor density in
tion: soil classification [Unified Soil Classification System
accordance with Test Method D698.
(USCS) and USDA classification system.]; standard proctor
7.1.3 Excavate the channels to a trapezoidal cross-section
moisture-density relationship; “K” factor; and; gradation (in-
with a 0.61 m (2 ft) bottom width and 2H:1V side slopes. The
cluding hydrometer test for the P fraction).
test channels shall be a minimum of 18.3 m (60 ft) in length to
7.3.4 Include the following meteorological information: all
allow sufficient distance between temporary ditch check struc-
datafromtheon-siteweatherstationatthetimeofthetest(that
turesduringtesting.Bedslopeshallbeapproximately5 %.Fig.
is, ambient air temperature, wind speed and precipitation).
2 shows a typical channel profile and Fig. 3 shows a typical
7.3.5 Include the following product type and description
channel cross-section.
information: manufacturer name; product name; description;
7.1.4 Begin the test reach far enough below the inlet to the
specifications; size, and; a sample of the material, if practical.
channel to ensure flow is uniform and extend 12.2 m (40 ft)
downstream from that point. Establish benchmarks on either
7.4 Test Set-Up:
side of the channel at each end of the test reach and at 1.5 m
7.4.1 Install the temporary ditch check(s) in the channel
(5 ft) intermediate intervals (nine cross-sections total).
after calibration has been completed and the test channel has
7.1.5 Loosen the soil veneer in the test reach and 1.5 m (5
been prepared. Document the installation methodology for the
ft) upstream and downstream of the test reach to a depth of
temporary ditch check(s) including: orientation on the bed and
approximately 10 cm (4 in.) using a tiller or other appropriate side slopes (longitudinal or lateral); placement (which side
tools.Rakethetilledchannelsmoothwithasteelhandrakeand
faces up); termination details; joint details; spacing between
compact. Repair depressions, voids, soft or uncompacted areas temporary ditch checks if more than one is to be tested, and;
before testing can commence. Also, free the channel from
anchor type and installation pattern. Place the temporary ditch
obstruction or protrusions, such as roots, large stones or other check(s) across the channel bottom perpendicular to the flow
foreign material.
direction and extend it up the side slopes far enough so ponded
7.1.6 If the channel has been used previously for a test water
...