ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A447/A447M −11 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class),
for High-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA447/A447M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy 2.1 ASTM Standards:
castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
structural elements, containers, and supports in electric
A800/A800M Practice for Estimating Ferrite Content of
furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar appli-
Stainless Steel Castings Containing Both Ferrite and
cations up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].
Austenite
1.2 In the absence of significant proportions of elements
A957/A957M Specification for Investment Castings, Steel
other than those prescribed in Section 5, the two types of alloys
and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial
coveredbythisspecificationmayingeneralbedistinguishedas
Use
follows:
A1067/A1067M Specification for Test Coupons for Steel
1.2.1 Type I—Alloys characterized by relatively low limit-
Castings
ing creep stress at temperatures between 1500 and 2000 °F
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
[815 and 1095 °C], and relatively high ductility at ordinary
terials
temperatures after aging for short periods at temperatures
E21 TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
between 1300 and 1500 °F [705 and 815 °C]. Metallic Materials
1.2.2 Type II—Alloys having relatively high limiting creep
3. General Conditions for Delivery
stress but which may develop low ductility at ordinary tem-
peratures when aged for short periods at temperatures between
3.1 Except for investment castings, material furnished to
1350 and 1500 °F [730 and 815 °C].
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
fication A781/A781M, including any supplementary require-
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
ments that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
comply with the general requirements of Specification A781/
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
A781M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
case of conflict between the requirements of this specification
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
and Specification A781/A781M, this specification shall pre-
with the standard.
vail.
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
3.2 Investment castings furnished to this specification shall
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
conform to the requirements of Specification A957/A957M,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ments of Specification A957/A957M constitutes nonconfor-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mance with this specification. In the case of conflict between
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the requirements of this specification and Specification A957/
A957M, Specification A957/A957M shall prevail.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A447/A447M – 11 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2016). DOI: 10.1520/A0447_A0447M-11R21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A447/A447M − 11 (2021)
4. Ordering Information 8.4 In all cases, it shall be the manufacturer’s duty to
provide a sufficient number of samples for the specified tests.
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the
following:
9. Number of Tests
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
9.1 The purchaser shall specify not more than two tests
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
selected from the following list, with the restriction that not
casting drawing),
more than one of the tension tests at high temperature (that is,
4.1.2 Which standard (A447 or A447M) applies,
9.1.3 or 9.1.4) may be required:
4.1.3 The version of the alloy, that is, Type I or Type II, to
9.1.1 Tension test after aging,
be supplied (Sections 1, 11, 12, 13, and 14).
9.1.2 Magnetic permeability test,
4.1.4 Options in the specification (Section 9), and
9.1.3 Stress-rupture test, and
4.1.5 The supplementary requirements desired, including
9.1.4 Short-time, high-temperature tension test.
the standards of acceptance.
5. Process 10. Retests
5.1 The alloy for the castings shall be made by the electric- 10.1 Mechanical Tests—If any of the specimens first chosen
furnace process or by any other process approved by the for any of the mechanical tests agreed upon fails to conform to
purchaser. the specified requirements, an additional specimen from the
same melt may be tested. This additional specimen shall
6. Heat Treatment
conform to the requirements prescribed for the test in question.
6.1 Except as otherwise agreed upon between the manufac-
10.2 Magnetic Test—If the magnetic permeability of the
turer and the purchaser, the manufacturer shall not be required
specimen first tested does not conform to the requirement
to heat treat the castings.
prescribed in 12.1, three additional specimens from the same
melt may be tested. At least two of these shall conform to the
7. Chemical Composition
prescribed requirement.
7.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements of Table
1 as to chemical composition.
11. Tensile Properties After Aging
11.1 The tensile properties of the material after aging shall
8. Sampling
conform to the following requirements:
8.1 Material for the tests specified in Sections 11, 13, and 14
Type I Type II
may be taken from separately cast test blocks of a form such as
Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] 80 [550] 80 [550]
A
that shown in Fig. 2 of Specification A1067/A1067M, from
Elongation in 2 in. (4D), min, % 9 4
B
Elongation in 5D, min, % 8.7 3.9
another type of test block, from the castings, or from coupons
attached to the castings as may be agreed upon between the
A
These minima shall apply when tested according to Test Methods E8.
ma
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