ASTM C1694-09(2017)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements
Standard Specification for Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers reinforced solid elements manufactured from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The specification addresses dimensional tolerances, maximum limits for drying shrinkage, requirements for steel reinforcement, and shipping and handling.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2017
- Technical Committee
- C27 - Precast Concrete Products
- Drafting Committee
- C27.60 - Precast Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
Relations
- Replaces
ASTM C1694-09 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements - Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2005
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2005
Overview
ASTM C1694-09(2017), Standard Specification for Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements, published by ASTM International, defines the requirements for solid reinforced elements made from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). AAC is a lightweight, cementitious product with both structural and thermal insulation advantages. This standard establishes criteria such as dimensional tolerances, drying shrinkage limits, steel reinforcement properties, and procedures for shipping and handling. The goal is to ensure consistent product quality, safety, and performance across construction projects using reinforced AAC elements.
Key Topics
- Material Requirements: Elements are composed entirely of AAC that conforms to ASTM C1693, ensuring uniformity in strength and physical properties.
- Strength and Density: Specification of compressive strength, dry bulk density, and drying shrinkage per the requirements for each strength class under ASTM C1693.
- Steel Reinforcement:
- Reinforcing steel must meet defined criteria for yield and tensile strength, reduction of area, and weld-point shear strength.
- Corrosion protection is required for steel reinforcement, including a minimum concrete cover and the application of a corrosion-resistant coating before casting.
- Effectiveness of corrosion protection is measured, with a maximum of 5% of the steel surface area permitted to exhibit corrosion after testing.
- Dimensional Tolerances: Strict allowable deviations for length, width, thickness, and tongue/groove alignment of the elements help ensure proper fit and performance in building systems.
- Inspection and Testing: Guidelines for visual inspection, sampling, and laboratory testing are provided to verify compliance with the specification prior to acceptance.
- Shipping and Handling: Reinforced AAC elements must be protected against damage during transport and handling by using pallets, banding, or manufacturer-approved lifting devices.
Applications
Reinforced AAC elements specified under ASTM C1694 are widely used in modern construction for:
- Wall, Roof, and Floor Panels: Providing lightweight, thermally insulating, and structurally sound components for residential, commercial, and industrial buildings.
- Fire-resistant Construction: The minimum concrete cover over reinforcement and ability to further increase cover for fire resistance make these elements suitable for safety-critical structures.
- Architectural and Structural Components: Replacing conventional masonry or precast concrete panels in applications where reduced material weight and ease of installation offer significant advantages.
- Sustainable Design: AAC’s low density, high energy efficiency, and recyclable ingredients align with green building standards and sustainable construction practices.
Reinforced AAC elements help improve speed of construction, reduce structural loads, and enhance building envelope performance. Their precise manufacture and standardized quality make them especially valuable in large-scale, prefabricated building systems.
Related Standards
- ASTM C1693: Specification for Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) sets the general requirements for AAC material, to which reinforced elements must conform.
- ASTM A82/A82M (Withdrawn): Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement, previously referenced for steel reinforcement properties.
- ISO and EN standards: Some international codes also address AAC materials and their reinforced applications, promoting wider use and standardization.
- Building Code References: Many regional and national building codes recognize ASTM C1694 as a basis for specifying AAC products in structural applications.
Keywords: Reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete, AAC standard, ASTM C1694, building elements, steel reinforcement, dimensional tolerances, compressive strength, corrosion protection, construction materials standard.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM C1694-09(2017) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements". This standard covers: SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers reinforced solid elements manufactured from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The specification addresses dimensional tolerances, maximum limits for drying shrinkage, requirements for steel reinforcement, and shipping and handling. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers reinforced solid elements manufactured from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The specification addresses dimensional tolerances, maximum limits for drying shrinkage, requirements for steel reinforcement, and shipping and handling. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM C1694-09(2017) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM C1694-09(2017) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM C1694-09, ASTM C1693-11(2017), ASTM C1693-11, ASTM C1693-09e1, ASTM C1693-09, ASTM A82/A82M-05a, ASTM A82/A82M-05. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM C1694-09(2017) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1694 −09 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Specification for
Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Elements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Classification
3.1 Reinforced AAC elements manufactured in accordance
1.1 This specification covers reinforced solid elements
with this specification shall be classified according to their
manufactured from autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), a
strength class.
cementitious product addressed by Specification C1693. The
specification addresses dimensional tolerances, maximum lim-
4. Materials and Manufacture
its for drying shrinkage, requirements for steel reinforcement,
and shipping and handling. 4.1 Reinforced AAC elements manufactured in accordance
with this specification shall be composed entirely of AAC
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
material conforming to Specification C1693.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
5. Physical Requirements
and are not considered standard.
5.1 Compressive Strength—The compressive strength of the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
elements shall be determined according to Specification
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C1693, and shall conform to the requirements of Specification
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C1693 for the strength class in which the elements are
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
classified.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Dry Bulk Density—The dry bulk density shall be deter-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
mined according to Specification C1693, and shall conform to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the requirements of Specification C1693 for the strength class
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
in which the elements are classified.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.3 Drying Shrinkage—The drying shrinkage shall be deter-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mined in accordance with Specification C1693, and the aver-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
age drying shrinkage shall conform to the requirements of
Specification C1693 for the strength class in which the
2. Referenced Documents
elements are specified.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.4 Steel Reinforcemen—The properties of the steel rein-
A82/A82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete
forcementshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithSpecification
Reinforcement (Withdrawn 2013)
A82/A82M and shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
C1693 Specification for Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
5.5 Weld-Point Shear Strength—The weld-point shear
(AAC)
strengthinthereinforcementshallbedeterminedinaccordance
with Section 8 and shall conform to the requirements of Table
2.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C27 on Precast
5.6 Concrete Cover of Steel Reinforcement—The minimum
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.60 on
Precast Autoclaved Aerated Concrete. concrete cover over the steel reinforcement shall be 0.375 in.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2017.PublishedJuly2017.Originallyapproved
(10 mm). The reinforcing steel shall receive a corrosion-
in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1694 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/
resistant coating before casting.
C1694-09R17.
2 NOTE1—Acovergreaterthan0.375in.(10mm)mayberequiredinfire
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
resistant applications.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.7 Effectiveness of Corrosion Protection of Steel
the ASTM website.
Reinforcement—The effectiveness of the corrosion protection
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. for the steel reinforcement shall be determined according to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1694 − 09 (2017)
TABLE 1 Properties of Steel Reinforcement
conditionsasthereferencespecimens.Aftercompletingtheten
Property Minimum Value testing cycles, allow the specimens to air dry for 4 h.
Characteristic
7.3.3 Inspection for Rust—After completing the testing
Yield strength, min, ksi (MPa) 70 (485)
procedure, remove the autoclaved aerated concrete around the
Tensile strength, min, ksi (MPa) 80 (550)
A
Reduction of area, min, % 30
steel reinforcement in the reference specimen and the test
A
specimens. By visual inspection, determine the area of rust
For material testing over 100 ksi (690 MPa) tensile strength, the reduction of area
shall be not less than 25 %.
covering the steel and express that area as a percentage of the
total area of the specimen, using the following calculation:
A 5 πn d l 1πn d l ~mm ! (1)
TABLE 2 Weld-Point Shear Strength for Steel Reinforcement t 1 1 1 2 2 2
Diameter of the Minimum Shear Strength
A 5 w l mm (2)
~ !
r ( i i
Longitudinal Reinforcement, in. (mm) of the Joint, lbf (kN)
P 5 100 ~A /A ! (3)
0.16 (4.0) 495 (2.20)
r r t
0.18 (4.5) 598 (2.66)
where:
0.20 (5.0) 771 (3.43)
0.24 (6.0) 1113 (4.95)
A = total surface of reinforcement present in the specimen
t
0.28 (7.0) 1513 (6.73)
(mm )
0.32 (8.0) 1987 (8.84)
0.35 (9.0) 2502 (11.13) n = number of longitudinal reinforcing rods,
0.40 (10.0) 3091 (13.75)
d = diameter of the longitudinal reinforcing rods (mm),
0.43 (11.0) 3741 (16.64)
l = length of the longitudinal reinforcing rods (mm),
0.47 (12.0) 5339 (19.79)
n = number of transverse reinforcing rods,
d = diameter of transverse reinforcing rods (mm),
l = length of the transverse reinforcing rods (mm),
A = area of rusted surface,
Secti
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