ASTM C1437-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the flow of hydraulic cement mortars, and of mortars containing cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements.
4.2 While flow is not usually included in hydraulic cement specifications, it is commonly used in standard tests that require the mortar to have a water content that provides a specified flow level.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of flow of hydraulic cement mortars.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-2020
- Technical Committee
- C01 - Cement
- Drafting Committee
- C01.22 - Workability
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2024
- Effective Date
- 15-Dec-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2020
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2019
- Refers
ASTM C230/C230M-14 - Standard Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement - Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Refers
ASTM C230/C230M-13 - Standard Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement - Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Dec-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2011
Overview
ASTM C1437-20: Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar provides a consistent approach for measuring the flow of hydraulic cement mortars, including those with cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements. Developed by ASTM International, this standard offers reliable procedures for determining the workability and consistency of mortar mixtures. While flow is not typically specified in hydraulic cement product standards, it is an essential parameter for quality control, research, and in other ASTM test methods requiring standardized mortar flow levels. Adherence to this test method ensures comparability and repeatability in mortar testing, supporting the construction and materials industries.
Key Topics
Scope of Application
- Establishes methods for determining the flow of hydraulic cement mortar using defined apparatus and procedures
- Applies to mortars with varying cementitious contents, not limited to hydraulic cements
Significance and Use
- Provides a measure of the consistency and workability of mortar mixes
- Commonly used as a quality control parameter in laboratory and field testing
- Supports other standard test methods requiring mortar with specified flow
Apparatus and Testing Environment
- Utilizes a flow table and mold as per ASTM C230/C230M specifications
- Requires standard tools, such as tamper, straightedge, and caliper
- Specifies controlled laboratory temperature and humidity conditions (see ASTM C511)
Testing Procedure
- Standardized mixing, placement, tamping, and measuring steps for reproducible results
- Flow measurement is based on the increase in diameter of the mortar after a series of flow table drops
Data Reporting and Precision
- Flow is calculated and reported to the nearest 1%
- Includes guidance on test repeatability and inter-laboratory precision
Safety and Compliance
- Users are responsible for adopting appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices
Applications
Quality Control in Construction Materials
- Ensures consistency in mortar workability before application in masonry, plastering, or repair works
Specification Compliance and Product Development
- Helps manufacturers meet performance requirements for mortar mixes used in various construction scenarios
Laboratory Testing and Research
- Utilized in comparative studies and standard tests (e.g., for compressive strength or air content) that demand a specified mortar flow
Standardization Across Projects
- Facilitates uniformity in testing outcomes, supporting communication and quality assurance among architects, engineers, and contractors
Related Standards
- ASTM C109/C109M - Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
- ASTM C185 - Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
- ASTM C230/C230M - Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement
- ASTM C511 - Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
- ASTM C219 - Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic Cements
Practical Value
Implementing ASTM C1437-20 in laboratory and quality control workflows ensures that mortar mixes exhibit consistent workability, crucial for durability and performance in building projects. This standard enables more predictable construction outcomes, reduces material variability, and supports compliance with industry regulations and specifications. Using defined test methods also enhances credibility and facilitates acceptance of test results by regulatory bodies, designers, and builders across global markets.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM C1437-20 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the flow of hydraulic cement mortars, and of mortars containing cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements. 4.2 While flow is not usually included in hydraulic cement specifications, it is commonly used in standard tests that require the mortar to have a water content that provides a specified flow level. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of flow of hydraulic cement mortars. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard. 1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the flow of hydraulic cement mortars, and of mortars containing cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements. 4.2 While flow is not usually included in hydraulic cement specifications, it is commonly used in standard tests that require the mortar to have a water content that provides a specified flow level. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of flow of hydraulic cement mortars. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard. 1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM C1437-20 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM C1437-20 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM C219-24, ASTM C109/C109M-23, ASTM C219-20a, ASTM C219-20, ASTM C219-19a, ASTM C219-19, ASTM C230/C230M-14, ASTM C219-14, ASTM C511-13, ASTM C219-13a, ASTM C219-13, ASTM C230/C230M-13, ASTM C109/C109M-12, ASTM C109/C109M-11a, ASTM C109/C109M-11. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM C1437-20 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1437 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1437; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of flow of
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
hydraulic cement mortars.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions:
standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to
to Terminology C219.
the requirements of the referenced standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
flow of hydraulic cement mortars, and of mortars containing
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements.
as requirements of this standard.
4.2 While flow is not usually included in hydraulic cement
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specifications, it is commonly used in standard tests that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
require the mortar to have a water content that provides a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
specified flow level.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Flow Table, Flow Mold, conforming to the requirements
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of Specification C230/C230M.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.2 Caliper,conformingtotherequirementsofSpecification
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
C230/C230M. Alternatively, any outside-measuring caliper
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
constructed of corrosion-resistant material may be used, pro-
vided that it is incremented in millimetres and its maximum
2. Referenced Documents
extent of measuring is at least 260 mm.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Tamper, conforming to the requirements of Test Method
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
C109/C109M.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
5.4 Trowel, having a steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length,
Specimens)
with straight edges. The edges when placed on a plane surface
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inor-
shall not depart from straightness by more than 1 mm.
ganic Cements
5.5 Straightedge, made of steel, shall be at least 200 mm
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests
long and not less than 1.5 mm nor more than 3.5 mm in
of Hydraulic Cement
thickness. Its edge shall not depart from a plane surface by
more than 1 mm.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement 6. Temperature and Humidity
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Workability.
6.1 The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the
Current edition Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally approved in
1999. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1437 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/C1437- mixing room shall be as prescribed in Specification C511.
20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 7. Materials
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1 Hydraulic Cement Mortar—A mortar for which the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. determination of flow is specified or desired.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1437 − 20
8. Procedure 9.2.1 If using some other caliper, compute the flow in
percent by dividing “A” by the origi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1437 − 15 C1437 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1437; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of flow of hydraulic cement mortars.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements
of the referenced standard.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C185C219 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarTerminology Relating to Hydraulic and Other Inorganic
Cements
C230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of Hydraulic Cement
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C219.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Workability.
Current edition Dec. 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2020. Published December 2015October 2020. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 as
C1437 – 13.C1437 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/C1437-15.10.1520/C1437-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1437 − 20
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine the flow of hydraulic cement mortars, and of mortars containing
cementitious materials other than hydraulic cements.
4.2 While flow is not usually included in hydraulic cement specifications, it is commonly used in standard tests that require the
mortar to have a water content that provides a specified flow level.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Flow Table, Flow Mold, Conformingconforming to the requirements of Specification C230/C230M.
5.2 Caliper, Conformingconforming to the requirements of Specification C230/C230M. Alternatively, any outside-measuring
caliper constructed of corrosion-resistant material may be used, provided that it is incremented in millimetres and its maximum
extent of measuring is at least 260 mm.
5.3 Tamper, conforming to the requirements of Test Method C109/C109M.
5.4 Trowel, having a steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length, with straight edges. The edges when placed on a plane surface shall
not depart from straightness by more than 1 mm.
5.5 Straightedge, made of steel, shall be at least 200 mm long and not less than 1.5 mm nor more than 3.5 mm in thickness. Its
edge shall not depart from a plane surface by more than 1 mm.
6. Temperature and Humidity
6.1 The temperature and relative humidity of the air in the mixing room shall be as prescribed in Specification C511.
7. Materials
7.1 Hydraulic Cement Mortar—A mortar for which the determination of flow is specified or desired.
8. Procedure
8.1 Determination of Flow:
8.1.1 Carefully wipe the flow table cl
...








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