ASTM C1752-17
(Guide)Standard Guide for Measuring Physical and Rheological Properties of Radioactive Solutions, Slurries, and Sludges
Standard Guide for Measuring Physical and Rheological Properties of Radioactive Solutions, Slurries, and Sludges
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Measurements performed in this guide are limited to radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges as well as simulants designed to model the properties of these radioactive materials.
5.2 Data obtained from the measurement and calculation of physical and rheological properties of radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges are essential in developing appropriate simulants for design and testing of retrieval, transport, mixing, and storage systems for treatment of radioactive materials. These data also provide input parameters for modeling the flow behavior, processing, transport, safety, and storage of these radioactive materials.
5.3 Consistency in the handling of samples, measurement methods, and calculations is essential in obtaining reproducible results of rheological and physical property measurements.
5.4 This guide will be used to measure or calculate the physical properties listed below.
5.4.1 Bulk slurry density
5.4.2 Settled solids density
5.4.3 Centrifuged solids density
5.4.4 Supernatant density
5.4.5 Settling rate
5.4.6 Volume percent centrifuged solids
5.4.7 Volume percent settled solids after settling
5.4.8 Undissolved solids content
5.4.9 Dissolved solids content
5.4.10 Weight percent centrifuged solids
5.4.11 Weight percent total oxides
5.4.12 Solids content of the centrifuged solids
5.4.13 Total solids content
5.5 This guide describes the process of performing measurement of the rheological properties. The rheological measurements and calculations described in this guide are limited to shear strength, shear stress versus shear rate, apparent viscosity, consistency, and yield stress.
5.6 Due to the nature of some solutions, slurries, and sludges, not all of the measurements described in this standard may be applicable to all samples. For example, some sludges do not settle; therefore, settling rate measurements are not applicable for these samples.
SCOPE
1.1 Intent:
1.1.1 The intent of this guide is to provide guidance for the measurement and calculation of physical and rheological properties of radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges as well as simulants designed to model the properties of these radioactive materials.
1.2 Applicability:
1.2.1 This guide is intended for measurement of mass and volume of the solution, slurries, and sludges as well as dissolved solids content in the liquid fraction and solids content associated with the slurries and sludges. Particle size distribution is also measured.
1.2.2 This guide identifies the data required and the equations recommended for calculation of density (bulk, settled solids, supernatant, and centrifuged solids), settling rate, volume and weight percent of the centrifuged solids and settled solids, and the weight percent undissolved solids, dissolved solids, and total oxides.
1.2.3 This guide is intended for measurement of shear strength and shear stress as a function of shear rate.
1.2.4 Rheological property measurement guidelines in this guide are limited to rotational rheometers.
1.2.5 This guide is limited to measurements of viscous and incipient flow and does not include oscillatory rheometry.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C1752 − 17
Standard Guide for
Measuring Physical and Rheological Properties of
1
Radioactive Solutions, Slurries, and Sludges
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1752; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 Intent:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1.1 The intent of this guide is to provide guidance for the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
measurement and calculation of physical and rheological
propertiesofradioactivesolutions,slurries,andsludgesaswell
2. Referenced Documents
as simulants designed to model the properties of these radio-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
active materials.
C859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
1.2 Applicability:
C1751 Guide for Sampling Radioactive Tank Waste
1.2.1 This guide is intended for measurement of mass and
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
volume of the solution, slurries, and sludges as well as 3
2.2 Other Standards:
dissolvedsolidscontentintheliquidfractionandsolidscontent
ISO13320;2009 “Particle Size Analysis—Laser Diffraction
associated with the slurries and sludges. Particle size distribu-
Methods. Part 1: General Principles,” International Orga-
tion is also measured.
nization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland (1999)
1.2.2 This guide identifies the data required and the equa-
tions recommended for calculation of density (bulk, settled 3. Terminology
solids, supernatant, and centrifuged solids), settling rate, vol-
3.1 Definitions:
ume and weight percent of the centrifuged solids and settled
3.1.1 apparent viscosity, n—measured shear stress divided
solids, and the weight percent undissolved solids, dissolved
by the measured shear rate.
solids, and total oxides.
3.1.2 density, n—intheUnitedStates,massperunitvolume.
1.2.3 This guide is intended for measurement of shear
3.1.3 interstitial solution, n—in this guide, interstitial solu-
strength and shear stress as a function of shear rate.
tionisthesolutioncontainedbetweenthesuspended,settled,or
1.2.4 Rheological property measurement guidelines in this
centrifuged solid particles of a sludge sample.
guide are limited to rotational rheometers.
1.2.5 This guide is limited to measurements of viscous and
3.1.4 Newtonian fluid, n—a fluid whose apparent viscosity
incipient flow and does not include oscillatory rheometry.
is independent of shear rate.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.1.5 non-Newtonian fluid, n—a fluid whose apparent vis-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
cosity varies with shear rate.
standard.
3.1.6 rheogram, n—plot of shear stress versus shear rate.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.6.1 Discussion—Arheogram is also called a flow curve.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.7 shear rate, n—in laminar flow, the velocity gradient
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
perpendicular to the direction of shear flow in parallel adjacent
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
layers of a fluid body under shear force.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Spent Fuel Chemical Society, Washington, D. C. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
and High Level Waste. listed by the American Chemical Society see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U. K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1752 – 11. DOI: and National Formulary, U. S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
10.1520/C1752-17. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1752 − 17
3.1.8 shear strength, n—maximum she
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1752 − 11 C1752 − 17
Standard Guide for
Measuring Physical and Rheological Properties of
1
Radioactive Solutions, Slurries, and Sludges
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1752; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Intent:
1.1.1 The intent of this guide is to provide guidance for the measurement and calculation of physical and rheological properties
of radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges as well as simulants designed to model the properties of these radioactive materials.
1.2 Applicability:
1.2.1 This guide is intended for measurement of mass and volume of the solution, slurries, and sludges as well as dissolved
solids content in the liquid fraction and solids content associated with the slurries and sludges. Particle size distribution is also
measured.
1.2.2 This guide identifies the data required and the equations recommended for calculation of density (bulk, settled solids,
supernatant, and centrifuged solids), settling rate, volume and weight percent of the centrifuged solids and settled solids, and the
weight percent undissolved solids, dissolved solids, and total oxides.
1.2.3 This guide is intended for measurement of shear strength and shear stress as a function of shear rate.
1.2.4 Rheological property measurement guidelines in this guide are limited to rotational rheometers.
1.2.5 This guide is limited to measurements of viscous and incipient flow and does not include oscillatory rheometry.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
C1751 Guide for Sampling Radioactive Tank Waste
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3
2.2 Other Standards:
ISO13320-1ISO13320;2009 “Particle Size Analysis—Laser Diffraction Methods. Part 1: General Principles,” International
Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland (1999)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 apparent viscosity, n—measured shear stress divided by the measured shear rate.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Spent Fuel and
High Level Waste.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011July 1, 2017. Published December 2011August 2017. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
C1752 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C1752–11. 10.1520/C1752-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, D. C. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U. K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U. S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1752 − 17
3.1.2 density, n—in the United States, mass per unit volume.
3.1.3 interstitial solution, n—in this guide, interstitial solution is the solution contained between the suspended, settled, or
centrifuged solid particles of a sludge sample.
3.1.4 Newtonian fluid, n—a fluid whose apparent viscosity is independent of shear rate.
3.1.5 non-Newtonian fluid, n—a fluid whose app
...
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