ASTM D5066-91(2011)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D5066 − 91 (Reapproved2011)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production
Conditions for Spray Application of Automotive Paints—
Weight Basis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5066; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Truck Topcoat Operations
EPA Federal Reference Method 24 Determination of Vola-
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determination of
tile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume
the transfer efficiency (using a weight method) under produc-
Solids, and Weight Solids, of Surface Coatings
tion conditions for in-plant spray application of automotive
paints as outlined in Section 18 of EPA 450/3-88-018.
3. Terminology
1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight of
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the paint solids sprayed and that deposited on the painted part.
3.1.1 paint, n—the liquid material that is applied onto the
Therecommendedapproachinvolvespaintingthepartdirectly.
part to cover or coat the surfaces.
Also described is an alternative approach for painting parts
3.1.2 transfer effıciency, n—the ratio of the weight of paint
covered with aluminum foil.
solids deposited to the total weight of paint solids used during
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the application process, expressed as a percent.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.3 paint weight solids content, n—the weight of the
only.
nonvolatile materials in the liquid paint material divided by the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
totalweightofthepaint,times100,determinedbyTestMethod
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2369.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 paint density, n—the mass of a unit volume of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
liquid paint material at any given temperature, determined by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
Test Method D1475.
statements are given in 10.1.8.1.
3.1.5 satellite paint supply system, n—a smaller, paint-
2. Referenced Documents
circulating system separate from the main production paint-
circulating supply system capable of supplying paint under the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
same conditions.
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,
and Related Products
4. Summary of Test Method
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
2.2 USEPA/MVMA (Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Associa-
4.1 Theweightoftheparttobepaintedisdeterminedbefore
tion) Standards:
and after the paint application process. The weight of liquid
EPA 450/3-88-018 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
paint used per part is determined from material usage and part
Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic
processing records. The determined weight solids content of
Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light Duty
the paint material is determined and used to calculate the paint
solids sprayed per part.The transfer efficiency of the process is
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products. AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5066 – 91 (2005). www.access.gpo.gov. Refer to EPA 450/3-88-018 dated December 1988. This
DOI: 10.1520/D5066-91R11. protocol makes reference to the determination of production spray transfer effi-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or ciency.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
the ASTM website. www.access.gpo.gov. Refer to CFR 40, Part 60, Appendix A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5066 − 91 (2011)
calculated by dividing the weight of paint solids deposited by 8. Paint Usage Measurement Procedures
the weight of the paint solids sprayed.
8.1 Transfer efficiency measurement requires that accurate
measurementsbemadeofthequantityofpaintmaterialusedin
5. Significance and Use
the application process during the time period associated with
5.1 This test method is specifically directed at the spray
the coating of specific vehicles or parts. Two general proce-
painting of automobile car and light duty truck bodies. The
dures are applicable for accurately measuring paint usage.
general principles are applicable to the painting of other
8.1.1 The preferred procedure is to determine the weight of
automotive parts.
paint used during the application study period. Under typical
production conditions, such weighing may be difficult, due to
5.2 This test method may also be used to measure transfer
the large number of applicators requiring paint supply from a
efficiency in full-sized painting facilities simulating production
common tank. If a separate, isolated paint supply tank is used
conditions and operations.
in the test; it is important to control paint viscosity, tempera-
ture, and flow rate consistent with the regular production
6. Interferences
system (see 9.1).
6.1 Limitations include the ability of the weighing device to
8.1.2 Where direct paint usage measurement by weight is
determine accurately the weight of the paint solids deposited
not practical, an alternative procedure for determining paint
on the part and the capability of accurate measurement of the
usage by volume is suggested. This procedure involves mea-
amount of paint sprayed (see Section 7).
suringthedropinpaintlevelinthepaintsupplytankduringthe
6.2 It may be difficult to cover the surface of complex
test.Toprovidesufficientaccuracy,itmaybenecessarytopaint
shaped parts with aluminum foil (see 11.6.11).
a “block” (isolated group) of similar vehicles or parts from the
paint supply system while usage measurements are taken.
7. Apparatus
Typically, this may require painting approximately 30 vehicles
(see 9.2).
7.1 Tension Load Cells, with upper/lower transition pieces.
7.1.1 682-kg (1500-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg (0.05-lb) pre-
9. Paint Usage Determination by Weight Procedure
cision for weighing automobile body and support frame.
7.1.2 227 to 364-kg (500 to 800-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg
9.1 This procedure for determining paint usage during the
(0.05-lb) precision for weighing mix tanks or automobile
test is preferred when a satellite paint supply system is
components.
available for the process to be tested. With this procedure, it is
7.1.3 Asafetycableisrequiredforuppertolowertransition.
usually easier to isolate paint usage for measurement purposes,
and accurate results can be obtained with a smaller number of
7.2 Electronic Digitizer/Readout , readability of 0.02 kg
vehicles or parts (see 9.1.1).
(0.05 lb) and special filtering.
7.2.1 The electronic digitizer/readout shall meet OIML
9.1.1 At least 2.27 kg (5.0 lb) of paint material must be used
(International Organization of Legalized Metrology) specifica-
during the test with the specified weighing equipment.
tions.
9.2 Before a satellite paint supply system can be used, it
7.3 Voltage Regulator.
must be demonstrated that the system is capable of supplying
the paint at sufficient volume and pressure to maintain normal
7.4 Swivel Devices, as required.
process conditions (fluid deliveries of the spray devices) and
7.5 Rule and Calipers for measuring diameter of paint
that the paint can be maintained at a representative temperature
supply tank shaft, etc.
and viscosity for the duration of the test period. These
7.6 Sample Containers, clean and airtight for paint material.
requirements can best be assured by mounting the satellite tank
on a load cell or scale and directly piping it into the production
7.7 Lifting Device and Support Frame Apparatus to lift
supply system of the spraybooth. For this procedure the
body.
requirements are as follows:
7.7.1 Total weight must not exceed capacity of load cell or
9.2.1 Level and calibrate a weighing device (see Section 7)
scale.
for weighing the satellite supply tank.
7.8 Standard Calibration Weight, approximately 0.9 kg (2
9.2.2 If an electronic weighing device is used, it must be
lb).
turned on long enough to achieve stability, following the
7.9 Measure Stick, Starret precision spring tempered, satin
manufacturer’s directions. All weighing devices must be situ-
chrome finish, 91.4 cm (36 in.), with 4R graduations, or
ated to minimize disturbance from vibration or air movement.
equivalent.
9.2.3 Introduce the paint material, reduced to spraying
viscosity, into the tank to be weighed. Before the test is
conducted, be certain that fluid flows are properly set, that all
The sole source of supply of the electronic digitizer, Model 5322, known to the supply and return lines are filled with the paint, and that no
committee at this time is Sterling Scale Co., 20950 Boening, Southfield, MI 48075.
leaks are present in the piping system.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
9.2.4 Shut off the agitator to minimize vibration during the
International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. weighing of the system.
D5066 − 91 (2011)
9.2.5 Calibrate the weighing device in accordance with 10.1.6 Record the tank levels before and after the test. Take
manufacturer’s instructions. Weigh and tare a lifting frame, if theinitialreadingjustpriortothefirsttestvehicleorpartofthe
used to support the satellite paint supply tank. block that enters the first application station in the tested
process. Take the final reading just after the last vehicle or part
9.2.6 Weigh the satellite paint supply tank before the test
has left the last application area in the tested process.
vehicles or parts are run. Flexible connections are required to
10.1.7 With clearcoat (or other paint materials that cannot
minimize strain. Carefully note the configuration of the tank so
be isolated to a specific block of cars due to other connected
that the same configuration is used for both initial and the final
operations such as repair), take the initial reading as the first
weighing (that is, hose connections, height, etc.). Weigh the
vehicle or part in the test block enters the first station applying
tank until 2 consecutive measurements are obtained within the
clearcoat. Take the final reading when the vehicle after the last
measurement error of the weighing system 60.02 kg (0.05 lb).
job in the test block enters the first station, applying clearcoat
Average the two readings. The satellite tank may be left on the
(the same point at which the initial reading was taken). If this
weighing device during the painting operation to monitor
is not done, the block size for clearcoat will be different from
painting usage on a continuous basis.
the block size for basecoat (this is acceptable but must be
9.2.7 After painting the test vehicles or parts, reweigh the
accurately reflected in the calculations).
satellite paint supply tank in accordance with 9.2.5 and 9.2.6.
10.1.8 The measurements are to be taken to the nearest 1.6
9.2.8 Obtain representative paint samples immediately after
1 1
mm ( ⁄16 in.) with a measuring stick with 1.6 mm ( ⁄16-in.) or
completion of the test for solids and density analysis.
less graduations. Measurements are made from the top of the
tank to the top of the liquid level at least 7.6 to 10.2 cm (3 to
10. Paint Usage Determination by Tank Level
4 in.) from the sides of the tank. The top of the tank is to be
Measurement (Volume Procedure)
determined by laying a straight edge across the top of the tank
in the same position for each measurement.
10.1 This procedure for determining the paint usage re-
quiresthatthedropintheliquidlevelinthesystemsupplytank 10.1.8.1 Warning:—Any measuring instruments used in
be measured accurately. This procedure is applicable with this procedure must be effectively grounded before contacting
either a satellite system or a main-mix room supply system. A the coating tank or coating liquid surface. Review all measur-
sufficient number of parts must be processed in the test block ing instruments for suitability and resistance to the paint
toprovideatleasta7.6-cm(3-in.)dropintheliquidlevelinthe solvents prior to the test.
paintsupplytank.Carefulmeasurementiscriticaltotheoverall 10.1.9 It may be necessary to provide two-way radio com-
accuracy of the transfer efficiency test. This procedure consists munication between the mix-room monitor and the tested
of the following: process operation to coordinate the measurement process and
timing.
10.1.1 Accurately measure the inside diameter of the paint
10.1.10 Obtain representative paint samples immediately
supply tank(s) to be used for the various test materials. If the
after completion of the test for density and solids determina-
agitator shafts, fill pipes, or any other objects are located in the
tions.
measurement zone, the occupied volume of these items must
be determined and subtracted from the total volume. Careful
11. Paint Solids Deposited Measurement Procedure
selection of the section of the tank for the test measurement
11.1 To determine the transfer efficiency, it is necessary to
will minimize the difficulty of this task. The measurements are
used to develop a conversion factor between level drop and determineboththeweightofpaintsolidssprayedpervehicleor
volume of paint. part and the weight of paint solids actually deposited onto the
object in the tested process. These are obtained by weighing
10.1.2 Most main paint supply systems consist of two tanks
vehicles or parts incorporated in the same sample (block) used
connected together to maintain the material supply. During the
to obtain the paint usage measurement.
test, the paint supply tank must be isolated. Check to ensure
that there is no leakage or overflow between the two tanks and
11.2 Vehicle or Pa
...