ASTM D1662-19

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of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1662 − 08 (Reapproved 2014) D1662 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Active Sulfur in Cutting Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with
copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F)150 °C (302 °F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
NOTE 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field
performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 active sulfur—sulfur in a cutting fluid that will react with metallic copper at a temperature of 150°C (302°F)150 °C
(302 °F) under the prescribed conditions.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A portion of the sample is treated with copper powder at 150°C (302°F).150 °C (302 °F). The copper powder is filtered from
the mixture. Active sulfur is expressed as the difference between the sulfur contents of the sample, as determined before and after
treatment with copper.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at
the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Filter Paper, 2.5 μm 2.5 μm retention size.
6.2 Stirrer, constructed of glass in the form of an inverted T. A flat blade, approximate length 25 mm, height 6 mm, thickness
1 mm, 25 mm, height 6 mm, thickness 1 mm, shall be attached to a glass rod 6 mm 6 mm in diameter, in such a way that the blade
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2019. Published February 2014February 2020. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20082014
as D1662D1662 – 08 (2014).–08. DOI: 10.1520/D1662-08R14.10.1520/D1662-19.
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American Society of Lubrication Engineers (ASLE) and accepted by ASLE in January 1969.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1662 − 19
is symmetrical with the rod and has its flat surface in the vertical plane. Alternatively, a glass-coated magnetic stirring bar
3 3
9.59.5 mm by 34.934.9 mm 6 2 mm 2 mm ( ⁄8 in. by 1 ⁄8 in.) in.) can be used.
6.3 Stirring Apparatus, electric motor capable of maintaining a speed of 500500 r ⁄min 6 2525 r rpm. ⁄min. Alternatively, when
using the glass-coated stirring bar, a combination magnetic stirrer-hot plate is required.
6.4 Hot Plate, electric, or other convenient heat source capable of maintaining the sample at a temperature of 150150 °C 6 2°C
(3022 °C (302 °F 6 5°F).5 °F).
6.5 Beaker, 200-mL,200 mL, tall-form of heat-resistant glass, with a pour-out spout.
7. Materials
7.1 Diluent, sulfur-free white oil, methyl lardate or dialkylbenzene.
7.2 Copper Powder, >99 %, <75 μm <75 μm (200 mesh).
8. Procedure
8.1 Determine the sulfur concentration of the sample to be tested using any accepted method that has precision of 60.15 % for
sulfur.
NOTE 2—For best results, dilute the sample with sulfur-free white oil, methyl lardate or dialkylbenzene to a sulfur content of 22 % to 4 %.
8.2 Place 5050 g 6 2 g 2 g of sample or sample dilution in a 200-mL200 mL tall-form beaker, lower the stirrer to within 5 mm
5 mm of the bottom of the beaker and add 55 g 6 0.25 g 0.25 g of copper powder and heat to 150150 °C 6 2°C (3022 °C (302 °F
6 5°F)5 °F) while stirring at 500500 r ⁄min 6 2525 r rpm. ⁄min. If a magnetic stirrer is used, rotate the stirring bar at 500500 r ⁄min
6 2525 r rpm. ⁄min. When 150150 °C 6 2°C (3022 °C (302 °F 6 5°F)5 °F) is reached, add an additional 55 g 6 0.25 g 0.25 g
copper powder. Continue stirring at 150150 °C 6 2°C (3022 °C (302 °F 6 5°F)5 °F) for 3030 min 6 1 min. 1 min. At the end of
this period, stop stirring and insert a copper strip prepared in accordance with Test Method D130 for 1010 min 6 0.25 min.
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