ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast White Iron/Gray Iron Dual Metal Abrasion-Resistant Roll Shells
Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast White Iron/Gray Iron Dual Metal Abrasion-Resistant Roll Shells
ABSTRACT
This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron and there shall be no gradient of mottled iron these layers. Both the white and the gray irons may be melted by any suitable melting process. The white iron portion of the casting shall be produced by chemistry rather than chilling. A chemical analysis of the white and gray irons shall be taken and the chemical compositions shall be controlled to obtain the required mechanical properties. The white iron (Types I, II, III, and IV) shall conform to the specified Brinell hardness and the gray iron (Class Nos. 20, 25, 30, and 35) shall conform to the specified tensile strength. The minimum thickness of the white iron layer is given. Hardness and tension tests of the cast dual metal shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron. There shall be no gradient of mottled iron between the white iron and the gray iron.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-2022
- Technical Committee
- A04 - Iron Castings
- Drafting Committee
- A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2003
Overview
ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) is the internationally recognized standard specification for centrifugally cast white iron/gray iron dual metal abrasion-resistant roll shells. Developed by ASTM International, this standard outlines the requirements for roll shells produced through a double pour centrifugal casting method, featuring an abrasion-resistant white iron outer layer and a tough gray iron inner layer. The specification is essential for ensuring reliable performance and consistent mechanical properties in roll shells used in general industrial applications where high wear resistance is required.
Key Topics
Composition and Structure: The roll shells are manufactured with a white iron exterior for abrasion resistance and a gray iron core for toughness and support. Importantly, there must be a clean interface with no gradient of mottled iron between these two layers.
Manufacturing Process: Both white and gray irons can be melted using any suitable process. The white iron outer layer is achieved through controlled chemical composition, not chilling, ensuring predictable hardness and durability.
Classification and Mechanical Properties:
- White iron is classified by Brinell hardness (Types I-IV).
- Gray iron is classified by tensile strength (Class Nos. 20, 25, 30, 35).
Testing and Inspection:
- Each casting undergoes testing for chemical composition, hardness, and tensile strength.
- Hardness is measured per ASTM E10 using the Brinell method.
- Tensile testing for gray iron is conducted as per ASTM E8/E8M, with reference to ASTM A48/A48M for specimens.
Thickness Requirements: The white iron layer must have a minimum specified thickness, measured at both ends of the roll face.
Finish and Appearance: All surfaces must be machined or ground, and edges should be free of burrs and sharpness. Surfaces may be coated for corrosion resistance.
Applications
The dual metal abrasion-resistant roll shells specified in ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) are widely used in:
- Rolling Mills: For processing metals, where high surface hardness and abrasion resistance are critical for longevity.
- Material Handling and Processing Equipment: Such as crushers and pulverizers, where the roll shells require a hard surface to resist wear but also benefit from a durable, fracture-resistant core.
- Paper and Pulp Industry: In calendaring and processing rolls, where the dual metal structure optimizes both performance and service life.
- General Industrial Applications: Any setting that involves repeated abrasion, impact, or friction where life extension and reliable performance of roll shells are required.
By adhering to this specification, manufacturers and end users can ensure their components meet internationally recognized levels of quality and performance.
Related Standards
- ASTM A48/A48M: Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings, referenced for gray iron classification and test specimen requirements.
- ASTM E10: Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials, used for hardness testing of white iron.
- ASTM E8/E8M: Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, referenced for tensile strength testing.
- ISO Standards: Relevant international standards on cast iron compositions and centrifugal casting processes may be applied in support of global trade and harmonization.
Keywords: abrasion-resistant roll shells, dual metal casting, centrifugal casting, white iron, gray iron, ASTM A942/A942M, industrial roll shells, Brinell hardness, tensile strength, wear-resistant castings.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast White Iron/Gray Iron Dual Metal Abrasion-Resistant Roll Shells". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron and there shall be no gradient of mottled iron these layers. Both the white and the gray irons may be melted by any suitable melting process. The white iron portion of the casting shall be produced by chemistry rather than chilling. A chemical analysis of the white and gray irons shall be taken and the chemical compositions shall be controlled to obtain the required mechanical properties. The white iron (Types I, II, III, and IV) shall conform to the specified Brinell hardness and the gray iron (Class Nos. 20, 25, 30, and 35) shall conform to the specified tensile strength. The minimum thickness of the white iron layer is given. Hardness and tension tests of the cast dual metal shall be performed. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron. There shall be no gradient of mottled iron between the white iron and the gray iron. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron and there shall be no gradient of mottled iron these layers. Both the white and the gray irons may be melted by any suitable melting process. The white iron portion of the casting shall be produced by chemistry rather than chilling. A chemical analysis of the white and gray irons shall be taken and the chemical compositions shall be controlled to obtain the required mechanical properties. The white iron (Types I, II, III, and IV) shall conform to the specified Brinell hardness and the gray iron (Class Nos. 20, 25, 30, and 35) shall conform to the specified tensile strength. The minimum thickness of the white iron layer is given. Hardness and tension tests of the cast dual metal shall be performed. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers double pour, centrifugally cast, abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron. There shall be no gradient of mottled iron between the white iron and the gray iron. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.140.50 - Flat steel products and semi-products. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM E8/E8M-24, ASTM E8/E8M-16, ASTM E8/E8M-15, ASTM E10-14, ASTM E8/E8M-13, ASTM A48/A48M-03(2012), ASTM E10-12, ASTM E8/E8M-11, ASTM E10-10, ASTM E10-08, ASTM A48/A48M-03(2008), ASTM E10-07a, ASTM E10-07, ASTM E10-07e1, ASTM A48/A48M-03. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A942/A942M −95 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast White Iron/Gray Iron Dual Metal Abrasion-
Resistant Roll Shells
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA942/A942M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Ordering Information
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversdoublepour,centrifugallycast, 4.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
following:
abrasion-resistant roll shells for general application. The outer
layer is white iron and the inner layer is gray iron. There shall 4.1.1 Specification title, designation, and year of issue,
4.1.2 Quantity of castings required,
be no gradient of mottled iron between the white iron and the
gray iron. 4.1.3 Required dimensions and thickness of white iron layer
(8.1),
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1.4 Surface condition—as cast or machined,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.1.5 Type of white iron required for the outer layer of the
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
casting (7.1),
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4.1.6 Class of gray iron required for the inner layer (7.2),
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
4.1.7 Certification, if required (Section 13), and
with the standard.
4.1.8 Special position of marking information, if required
1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
(Section 14).
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Additional requirements may be agreed upon between
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the manufacturer and the purchaser.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Materials and Manufacture
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1 Both the white and the gray irons may be melted by any
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
suitable melting process.
2. Referenced Documents 5.2 The white iron portion of the casting shall be produced
by chemistry rather than chilling.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
6. Chemical Composition
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
6.1 A chemical analysis shall be performed by the manu-
terials
facturer on both the white and gray irons. The chemical
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
compositions shall be controlled to obtain the required me-
chanical properties.
3. Classification
7. Mechanical Properties
3.1 The white iron portion of the casting shall be classified
by type based upon Brinell hardness.
7.1 The white iron shall conform to the following require-
ments:
3.2 Thegrayironportionofthecastingshallbeclassifiedby
class based upon tensile strength. Type I – 450 to 500 HB
Type II – 500 to 550 HB
Type III – 550 to 600 HB
1 Type IV – 600 to 650 HB
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGreyandWhite
7.2 The gray iron shall conform to the following require-
Iron Castings.
ments:
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally
Tensile Strength
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A942/
Class min, ksi min, [MPa]
A942M – 95 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/A0942_A0942M-95R22.
No. 20 20 [138]
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
No. 25 25 [172]
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
No. 30 30 [207]
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
No. 35 35 [241]
the ASTM website.
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