ASTM C1171-96(2003)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:C 1171–96 (Reapproved2003)
Standard Test Method for
Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and
Thermal Cycling on Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method is used for determining the strength 3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractory
loss or reduction in continuity, or both, of prism-shaped product to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes in
specimens which are cut from refractory brick or shapes and temperature.
subjected to thermal cycling. 3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of this
1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference in cycling test is 1200°C (2190°F), this test method may not
modulus of rupture (MOR) between uncycled specimens and indicate the ability of a refractory product to withstand cycling
the specimens subjected to thermal cycling. at higher or lower temperatures, especially if the existing
1.3 Thereductioninstructuralcontinuityisestimatedbythe morphology of the refractory product changes.
difference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling. 3.3 Thistestmethodisusefulforresearchanddevelopment,
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as well as for comparing refractory products. The precision
as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for should be considered when using this test for specification
information only. purposes.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the rugged:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
temperature +5°C
1 3
hot spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1 3
cold spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
center vs. end gripping of the bars
hot holdtime 10to15min
2. Referenced Documents
coldholdtime 10to15min
operator air speed 0 to 2 mi/h (0 to 3.2 km/h)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
initially cold or heated samples
C 133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
last in, first out (LIFO); or first in, first out (FIFO)
removal from the furnace
lus of Rupture of Refractories
sawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testing
C 607 Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-Bearing
bar thickness 0.96 to 1.04 in. (24.5 to 26.4 mm)
Materials
4. Apparatus
C 769 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Manufactured
Carbon and Graphite Materials for Use in Obtaining an
4.1 Furnace, capable of maintaining 1200°C (2190°F) with
Approximate Young’s Modulus
recovery rate of less than 5 min to temperature.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
4.2 Abrasive Saw, to cut the test specimens.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4.3 Dryer,capableofoperatingat105°Cto110°C(220°Fto
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
230°F).
4.4 Tongs or Fork, for handling hot specimens.
4.5 Safety Equipment, such as gloves, face shields, and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
tinted safety glasses.
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal
4.6 Alumina Setter Brick, 90 %, placed 5 in. (127 mm) apart
Properties.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally
in and outside the furnace.
published in 1991 as C 1171 – 91. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as
4.7 Strength Testing Machine—Any form of standard me-
C 1171 – 96.
2 chanical or hydraulic compression testing machine that con-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
forms to the requirements of PracticesE4 may be used.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 1171–96 (2003)
4.8 Sonic Velocity Machine—Test apparatus conforming to 7.3 Preheat the test furnace to the test temperature of 1200
Section 6 of Test Method C 769. 6 15°C (2190 6 25°F); preheating is usually done the night
prior to testing. Use of other test temperatures is allowed and
5. Sampling
must be included as a deviation in the report.
5.1 The sampling shall consist of at least two bricks or
7.4 Place the test specimens from the remaining group into
shapes, or test samples made from monolithic refractories. At
the furnace spanning the setter brick and allow them to remain
least ten test specimens shall be used. An equal number of
there for 10 to 15 min. Then, remove the specimens from the
specimens shall be taken from each of the bricks or shapes.
furnaceandallowthemtocoolfor10to15minwhilespanning
5.2 Samples should be prefired to a temperature at least as
thesetterbrickinambientair.Thisisconsideredonefullcycle.
1 3
high as the test temperatures.
Keep the specimens ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm) apart during
each 10 to 15 min interval. Repeat for a total of five full cycles.
6. Test Specimens
Cycle time in the furnace starts after recovery.
1 1
6.1 Test specimens shall be 1 6 ⁄32 in. by 1 6 ⁄32 in. by
7.5 Measure the sonic velocity (using Test Method C 769)
approximately 6 in. (25 6 0.8 by 25 6 0.8 by approximately
along the length of each cycled test specimen.
152 mm). Note in the report if other specimen sizes are used.
7.6 Determine the cold modulus of rupture (using Test
Specimens cut from brick shall have at least one original brick
Methods C 133) of each cycled test specimen from the second
surface. If cut shapes, the specime
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