ASTM D2570-16

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2570 − 10 D2570 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method evaluates the effect of a circulating engine coolant on metal test specimens and automotive cooling system
components under controlled, essentially isothermal laboratory conditions.
1.2 This test method specifies test material, cooling system components, type of coolant, and coolant flow conditions that are
considered typical of current automotive use.
1.3 The values stated in foot-pound-second units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses (SI units)
are approximate equivalents for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Antirusts
D1384 Test Method for Corrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware
D2758 Test Method for Engine Coolants by Engine Dynamometer
D2847 Practice for Testing Engine Coolants in Car and Light Truck Service
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
D4985 Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge
of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
2.2 SAE Standard:
SAE J20e Standard for Coolant System Hoses
2.3 ASTM Adjuncts:
Coolant reservoir (1 drawing)
Framework for test equipment (3 drawings and B/M)
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 An engine coolant is circulated for 1064 h at 190°F (88°C) in a flow loop consisting of a metal reservoir, an automotive
coolant pump, an automotive radiator, and connecting rubber hoses. Test specimens representative of engine cooling system metals
are mounted inside the reservoir, which simulates an engine cylinder block. At the end of the test period, the corrosion-inhibiting
properties of the coolant are determined by measuring the mass losses of the test specimens and by visual examination of the
interior surfaces of the components.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.09 on
Simulated Service Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010April 1, 2016. Published January 2011May 2016. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
D2570 - 09.D2570 - 10. DOI: 10.1520/D2570-10.10.1520/D2570-16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096.15096, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2570 − 16
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method, by a closer approach to engine cooling system conditions, provides better evaluation and selective
screening of engine coolants than is possible from glassware testing (Test Method D1384). The improvement is achieved by
controlled circulation of the coolant, by the use of automotive cooling system components, and by a greater ratio of metal surface
area to coolant volume.
4.2 Although this test method provides improved discrimination, it cannot conclusively predict satisfactory corrosion inhibition
and service life. If greater assurance of satisfactory performance is desired, it should be obtained from full-scale engine tests (Test
Method D2758) and from field testing in actual service (Practice D2847).
4.3 Significance and interpretation of the test and its limitations are discussed further in Appendix X1.
4.4 If this test method is used as a qualification test for Specification D3306 and Specification D4985, the recommended
components listed in Section 5 shall be used. If it is not being used for such qualification purposes, then suitable substitution
components may be used, if agreed upon between the contracting parties.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Reservoir—An assembly drawing of this component is shown in Fig. 1. The material of construction, representing that of
the engine cylinder block, shall be SAE G3500 Gray Iron for Automotive Castings. Install a right angle fitting on the top of the
reservoir for attachment of an air line. Install a shutoff valve in the air line to avoid backing up the solution into the pressure hose.
5.2 Automotive Components—These shall be those normally used with a 4, 6, or 8-cylinder automobile engine used in current
automobiles in the United States, in the 1.6 to 5.0-L (98 to 305-in. ) range of piston displacement. General characteristics shall
be as follows:
5.2.1 Radiator—Brass, GM part No. 3056740 (cross flow), with coolant recovery tank. An aluminum radiator, GM part No.
3093506, may be used subject to mutual agreement of the parties involved.
5.2.2 Radiator Pressure Cap—Normally open 12 to 15 psi (80 to 100 kPa), GM part No. 6410427.
5.2.3 Coolant Pump —GM part No. 14033483 (aluminum matching front end cover). GM part No. 14033526 (aluminum
provides back cover), coolant discharge parts and mounting for pump.
5.2.4 Coolant Outlet—GM part No. 14033198 (aluminum).
5.2.5 Hoses—Reinforced elastomer, meeting the requirements of SAE J20e.
5.2.6 Hose Clamps—Preferably worm-screw type (constant tension may be used).
5.2.7 Hose Sight Tube—A borosilicate glass sight tube shall be installed in the top radiator hose. The tube should have a slight
bead on each end. (The primary purpose of the sight tube is to see that there is entrained air in the system.)
5.3 Pipe Fittings—The preferred material for the fittings required in the hose connections between pump discharge ports and
reservoir inlet is malleable cast iron. A satisfactory alternative is steel.
5.4 Electric Motor—1 ⁄2 hp (1.1 kW) or larger, drip-proof or explosion-proof in accordance with local safety regulations.
5.5 Pulleys and Drive Belt—Sized to drive the pump at aspeed a speed that will produce a flow rate of 20 to 25 gal/min (1.3
to 1.6 L/s) for the General Motors 173-in. (2.8-L) V-6 engine. The flow rate at operating temperature may be determined by a
flow measurement device located between pump discharge and reservoir inlet, as indicated in Fig. 2. The pressure drop between
pump discharge and reservoir inlet, measured by the pressure gages shown in Fig. 2, must be maintained when the flow
measurement device is removed from the system. This can be done by substituting for the flow measurement device a variable-flow
restriction, such as a valve, which can be adjusted to produce the same pressure drop as that measured across the flow measurement
device at the specified flow rate.
5.6 Electric Heater—About 2000 W, either a hot plate installed under the reservoir or a circumferential, metal-clad heater
band around the reservoir.
5.7 Thermoregulator—A suitable temperature regulator shall be used to maintain the coolant temperature between the limits
specified by 9.3. The sensing unit of the regulator shall be installed in an opening on the reservoir cover.
Detail drawings are available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJ257001ADJD257001. Original adjunct produced in 1982. Reservoirs of
cast iron or cast aluminum, made in accordance with these drawings, may be obtained from Commercial Machine Service, 1099 Touhy Ave., Elk Grove Village, IL 60007,
(847) 806-1901.
Aluminum or iron may be used if mutually agreed upon between the parties involved.
Gates “Vulco Straight” bulk-length radiator hose, Product Type 4178, has been found satisfactory. Equivalent radiator hoses may be used.
Fischer and Porter Series 10A2235A Ratosight Flow Rate Indicator, 4 to 50 gal/min (0.3 to 3.0 L/s), of bronze construction, has been found satisfactory. Equivalent flow
measuring devices may be used.
Chromalox No. ROPH-204 has been found satisfactory. Equivalent hot plates may be used.
Chromalox No. HB-8415 has been found satisfactory. Equivalent heater bands may be used.
Chromalox No. AR-2524P has been found satisfactory. Equivalent thermoregulators may be used.
D2570 − 16
FIG. 1 Reservoir
5.8 Temperature Measuring Device—An instrument capable of indicating coolant temperature to the nearest 1°F or 1°C shall
be installed in an opening on the reservoir cover.
5.9 Framework—A suitable framework shall be used to mount all the components as a unit.
6. Safety Precautions
6.1 Reservoir—Protection against bursting shall be provided, either by a pressure-relief valve on the cover or by a safety
enclosure.
6.2 Pump Drive—A safety guard for the coolant pump drive belt and pulleys shall be provided.
6.3 Electrical—Electrical circuits required for operation of motor, heater, and thermoregulator shall be installed with suitable
precautions against electrical shock to operating personnel in the event of accidental spills of electrically conductive liquids.
6.4 Thermal—Protection of operating personnel against burns from exposed metal surfaces, especially those of the heater, shall
be provided.
6.5 Plumbing—Protection of operating personnel against burns or scalds from hot fluid escaping from burst hoses or failed
plumbing connections shall be provided.
Fischer Scientific No. 15-076D and Weston No. 2261 dial-type thermometers have been found satisfactory. Equivalent thermometers may be used.
Detail and assembly drawings of a suitable framework and arrangement of components thereon are available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct
No. ADJ257002ADJD257002. Original adjunct produced in 1982.
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FIG. 2 Assembly of Test Apparatus
7. Metal Test Specimens
NOTE 1—The specimens prescribed for this test method have been accepted by automobile manufacturers and are required for Specifications D3306
and D4985 qualification. Current production vehicles may have differing alloy. Therefore, specimens other than those designated in this test method may
be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved.
7.1 The description, specification, preparation, cleaning, and weighing of the metal test specimens to be used in this test method
are given in detail in Test Method D1384. However, the solid solder specimen allowed as an alternative in Test Method D1384
shall not be used in this test method, as it has been known to bend and contact an adjoining specimen. Specimens containing high
lead solder, or low lead solder, or both, may be used subject to mutual agreement of the parties involved.
NOTE 2—The procedure for the cleaning of aluminum alloy coupons was changed in 1995 to eliminate the use of chromic acid, a recognized health
hazard.
7.2 Arrangement—The metal test specimens shall be drilled through the center with a ⁄64-in. (6.8-mm) drill to accommodate
a 2 ⁄2-in. (65-mm) 10–24 brass machine screw covered with a thin-walled insulating sleeve. Polytetrafluoroethylene tubing with
1 1
a ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) outside diameter and a wall thickness of ⁄64 in. (0.4 mm) is satisfactory. The standard test “bundle” shall be
assembled on the insulated screw with the specimens in the following order, starting from the screw head: copper, solder, brass,
steel, cast iron, and cast aluminum. The specimens shall be separated by ⁄16-in. (5-mm) thick solid metal and insulating spacers
having a ⁄64-in (6.8-mm) inside diameter and a 7.16-in. (11-mm) outside diameter. Brass spacers shall be used between the copper,
solder, and brass specimens, and steel spacers between the steel, cast iron, and cast aluminum specimens. Insulating spacers made
from polytetrafluoroethylene shall be used between the screw head and the copper specimen, between the brass and steel
specimens, and between the cast aluminum specimen and a brass nut. The nut shall be tightened firmly to ensure good electrical
D2570 − 16
contact between the test specimens in each section of the bundle. As shown in Fig. 3, each bundle shall be positioned
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