ASTM D6615-15a(2019)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D6615 −15a (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6615; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
Method)
1.1 This specification covers the use of purchasing agencies
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
in formulating specifications for purchases of aviation turbine
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
fuel under contract.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1.2 This specification defines one specific type of aviation
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
turbine fuel for civil use. This fuel has advantages for opera-
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
tions in very low temperature environments compared with
D1322 Test Method for Smoke Point of Kerosene and
other fuels described in Specification D1655. This fuel is
Aviation Turbine Fuel
intended for use in aircraft that are certified to use such fuel.
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
1.3 This specification does not define the quality assurance D1660 Method of Test for Thermal Stability of Aviation
Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1992)
testing and procedures necessary to ensure that fuel in the
distribution system continues to comply with this specification D1840 Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons inAvia-
tion Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
after batch certification. Such procedures are defined
elsewhere, for example in ICAO 9977, EI/JIG Standard 1530, D2276 Test Method for Particulate Contaminant inAviation
Fuel by Line Sampling
JIG 1, JIG 2, API 1543, API 1595, and ATA-103.
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity ofAviation
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and Distillate Fuels
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D3227 Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Gasoline, Kerosine,Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels
(Potentiometric Method)
2. Referenced Documents
D3240 Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Turbine Fuels
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
D3241 Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Aviation Turbine Fuels
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
D3338/D3338M Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Combustion of Aviation Fuels
D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
D3948 TestMethodforDeterminingWaterSeparationChar-
(Reid Method)
acteristicsofAviationTurbineFuelsbyPortableSeparom-
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
eter
ration
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
Subcommittee D02.J0.01 on Jet Fuel Specifications.
D4176 Test Method for FreeWater and Particulate Contami-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6615 – 15a. DOI:
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum
10.1520/D6615-15AR19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6615−15a (2019)
Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec- 2.6 Other Standards and Guidance Material:
trometry ATA-103 Standard for Jet Fuel Quality Control at Airports
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for CAN/CGSB 3.22-97 “Aviation Turbine Fuel, Wide Cut
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination Type” includes grade Jet B and NATO grade F-40 fuel
D4529 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus- ICAO 9977 Manual on Civil Aviation Jet Fuel Supply
tion of Aviation Fuels
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid 3. General
Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision
3.1 Thisspecification,unlessotherwiseprovided,prescribes
Method)
the required properties of Jet B wide-cut aviation turbine fuel
D4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Elec-
at the time and place of delivery.
tricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
D4952 Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active
4. Classification
Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)
4.1 Onetypeofaviationturbinefuelisprovided,asfollows:
D5001 Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Avia-
4.1.1 Jet B—A relatively wide boiling range volatile distil-
tion Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity
late.
Evaluator (BOCLE)
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing
5. Materials and Manufacture
Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod- 5.1 Aviation turbine fuel, except as otherwise specified in
ucts and Liquid Fuels (Mini Method)
this specification, shall consist of blends of refined hydrocar-
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia- bons(seeNote1)derivedfromconventionalsources,including
tion Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
crude oil, natural gas liquid condensates, heavy oil, shale oil,
D5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in and oil sands. The use of jet fuel blends, containing compo-
Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel
nents from other sources, is permitted only on a specific
Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence individual basis.
D5972 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
NOTE 1—Conventionally refined jet fuel contains trace levels of
(Automatic Phase Transition Method)
materials which are not hydrocarbons including oxygenates, organosulfur,
D6379 Test Method for Determination of Aromatic Hydro-
and nitrogeneous compounds.
carbon Types in Aviation Fuels and Petroleum
5.1.1 Fuels used in certified engines and aircraft are ulti-
Distillates—High Performance Liquid Chromatography
mately approved by the certifying authority subsequent to
Method with Refractive Index Detection
formal submission of evidence to the authority as part of the
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
type certification program for that aircraft and engine model.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Additives to be used as supplements to an approved fuel must
2.2 IP Standard:
also be similarly approved on an individual basis (see X1.2.4
EI/JIG 1530 Quality Assurance Requirements for the
and X1.12.1).
Manufacture, Storage and Distribution of Aviation Fuels
5.2 Additives—May be added to each type of aviation
to Airports
turbine fuel in the amount and of the composition specified in
2.3 API Standards:
Table 2 or the following list of approved material:
API 1543 Documentation, Monitoring and Laboratory Test-
5.2.1 Other additives are permitted under 5.1 and Section
ing of Aviation Fuel During Shipment from Refinery to
7.1. These include fuel performance enhancing additives and
Airport
fuel handling and maintenance additives as found in Table 2.
API 1595 Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance,
The quantities and types must be declared by the fuel supplier
and Inspection of Aviation Pre-Airfield Storage Termi-
and agreed to by the purchaser. Only additives approved by the
nals
aircraft certifying authority are permitted in the fuel on which
2.4 Joint Inspection Group Standards:
an aircraft is operated.
JIG 1 Aviation Fuel Quality Control & Operating Standards
5.2.1.1 Biocidaladditivesareavailableforcontrolledusage.
for Into-Plane Fuelling Services
Where such an additive is used in the fuel, the approval status
JIG 2 Aviation Fuel Quality Control & Operating Standards
for Airport Depots & Hydrants
2.5 Military Standard:
MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4, JP-5, Available fromAirTransportAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (ATA) d/b/aAirlines
for America, 1301 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Suite 1100, Washington, D.C. 20004,
and JP-5/JP-8 ST
http://www.airlines.org.
Available from the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), Ottawa,
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, Canada K1A 1G6.
U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk. Available from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 999 Uni-
Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, versity St., Montreal, Quebec H3C 5H7, Canada, http://www.icao.int.
Washington, DC 20005-4070, http://www.api.org. Supporting data (guidelines for approval or disapproval of additives) have
Available from Joint Inspection Group (JIG), http://www.jigonline.com. been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting
Available from Dept. of Defense Single Stock Point, Bldg 4D, 700 Robbins Research Report RR:D02-1125. Contact ASTM Customer Service at
Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098. service@astm.org.
D6615−15a (2019)
A
TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements of Aviation Turbine Fuels
B
Property Jet B ASTM Test Method
1. Aromatics, volume percent max 25 D1319
2. Aromatics, volume percent max 26.5 D6379
C
Sulfur, mercaptan, mass percent max 0.003 D3227
Sulfur, total mass percent max 0.30 D1266, D2622, D4294,or D5453
Distillation temperature, °C:
20 % recovered, temperature min 90 D86
20 % recovered, temperature max 145
50 % recovered, temperature min 110
50 % recovered, temperature max 190
90 % recovered, temperature max 245
Distillation residue, percent max 1.5
Distillation loss, percent max 1.5
Density at 15 °C, kg/m 751 to 802 D1298 or D4052
D
Vapor pressure, 38 °C, kPa 14 to 21 D323 or D5191
E F
Freezing point, °C max −50 D2386 or D5972
G
Net heat of combustion, MJ/kg min 42.8 D4529, D3338/D3338M,or D4809
One of the following requirements shall be met:
(1) Smoke point, mm, or min 25 D1322
(2) Smoke point, mm, and min 18 D1322
Naphthalenes, vol, percent max 3.0 D1840
Copper strip, 2 h at 100 °C No. 1 D130
Thermal Stability:
(2.5 h at control temperature of 260 °C min):
H,I
Filter pressure drop, mm Hg max 25 D3241
Tube deposits less than 3
No Peacock or Abnormal Color Deposits
Existent gum, mg/100 mL max 7 D381
ADDITIVES See 5.2
J
Electrical conductivity, pS/m D2624
K
Microseparometer Rating D3948
Without electrical conductivity additive min 85
With electrical conductivity additive min 70
A
For compliance of test results against the requirements of Table 1, see 6.2.
B
The test methods indicated in this table are referred to in Section 10.
C
The mercaptan sulfur determination may be waived if the fuel is considered sweet by the doctor test described in Test Method D4952.
D
Cyclohexane and toluene, as cited in 7.2 and 7.7 of Test Method D5191, shall be used as calibrating reagents. Test Method D5191 shall be the referee method.
E
Other freezing points may be agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
F
Test Method D5972 may produce a higher (warmer) result than that from Test Method D2386 on wide-cut fuels such as Jet B or JP-4. In case of dispute, Test Method
D2386 shall be the referee method.
G
Use either Eq 1 or Table 1 in Test Method D4529 or Eq 2 in Test Method D3338/D3338M. Test Method D4809 may be used as an alternative. In case of dispute, Test
Method D4809 shall be used.
H
D3241 Thermal Stability is a critical aviation fuel test, the results of which are used to assess the suitability of jet fuel for aviation operational safety and regulatory
compliance. The integrity of D3241 testing requires that heater tubes (test coupons) meet the requirements of D3241 Table 2 and give equivalent D3241 results to the
heater tubes supplied by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). A test protocol to demonstrate equivalence of heater tubes from other suppliers is on file at ASTM
International Headquarters and can be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1550. Heater tubes and filter kits, manufactured by the OEM (PAC, 8824 Fallbrook
Drive, Houston, TX 77064) were used in the development of the D3241 test method. Heater tube and filter kits, manufactured by Falex (Falex Corporation, 1020 Airpark
Dr., Sugar Grove, IL, 60554-9585) were demonstrated to give equivalent results (see D3241 for research report references). These historical facts should not be construed
as an endorsement or certification by ASTM International.
I
Tube deposits shall always be reported by the Visual Method.
J
If electrical conductivity additive is used, the conductivity shall not exceed 600 pS/m at the point of use of the fuel. When electrical conductivity additive is specified by
the purchaser, the conductivity shall be 50 pS ⁄m to 600 pS/m under the conditions at point of delivery.
212 21 21
1 pS/m5 13 10 Ω m
K
At point of manufacture.
of the additive and associated conditions must be checked for 6. Detailed Requirements
the specific aircraft and engines to be operated.
6.1 The aviation turbine fuel shall conform to the require-
5.2.1.2 Fuel System Icing Inhibitor:
ments prescribed in Table 1.
(1) Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether (DIEGME), con-
6.2 Test results shall not exceed the maximum or be less
forming to the requirements of Specification D4171, Type III,
than the minimum values specified in Table 1. No allowance
may be used in concentrations of 0.10 % to 0.15 % by volume.
shall be made for the precision of the test methods. To
(2) Test Method D5006 may be used to determine the
determine conformance to the specification requirement, a test
concentration of DIEGME in aviation fuels.
resultmayberoundedtothesamenumberofsignificantfigures
5.3
...