ASTM D7959-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Chloride Content Determination of Aviation Turbine Fuels using Chloride Test Strip
Standard Test Method for Chloride Content Determination of Aviation Turbine Fuels using Chloride Test Strip
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Chloride present in aviation turbine fuel can originate from refinery salt drier carryover or possibly from seawater contamination (for example, product transferred by barge). Elevated chloride levels have caused corrosive and abrasive wear of aircraft fuel control systems leading to engine failure.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a rapid means of determining chloride content of aviation turbine fuel. This methodology is applicable for chloride concentrations between 0 mg/L to 0.3 mg/L. This methodology will not detect chlorine originating from chlorinated organic compounds (that is, covalent bond).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7959 − 16 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Chloride Content Determination of Aviation Turbine Fuels
1
using Chloride Test Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* contamination (for example, product transferred by barge).
Elevated chloride levels have caused corrosive and abrasive
1.1 This test method covers a rapid means of determining
3
wear of aircraft fuel control systems leading to engine failure.
chloride content of aviation turbine fuel. This methodology is
applicable for chloride concentrations between 0 mg⁄L to
5. Interferences
0.3 mg⁄L. This methodology will not detect chlorine originat-
5.1 Some pH 7 buffer solution can contain trace levels of
ing from chlorinated organic compounds (that is, covalent
chloride compounds and therefore produce a false positive
bond).
reading on the chloride test strip. Prior to using a new batch of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
pH 7 buffer solution, a sample should be confirmed to produce
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
no reading on the chloride test strip.
standard.
4
5.2 The test strip will react with halides other than chloride
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(for example, bromide, iodide). The concentration of chloride
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in salt used in refinery salt driers (predominantly NaCl and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
CaCl ) and in seawater, however, is in great excess compared
2
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to that of other halides.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents 6. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Adjuncts:
6.1 Magnetic Stir Plate and Stir Bar—The magnetic stir
2
Distillate Fuel Bar Chart
plate shall be capable of producing the stirring energy de-
scribed in Section 11.11. A magnetic stir bar in the form of a
3. Summary of Test Method
cross or “starburst” approximately 32 mm by 32 mm has
3.1 A 3 L sample of aviation turbine fuel is extracted with
proven to be more stable than the traditional bar shape.The stir
pH 7 buffer solution by a magnetic stir plate and stir bar. The
bar shall have a chemically inert coating such as polytetrafluo-
chloride in the aviation turbine fuel sample transfers to the
roethylene (PTFE).
buffer solution. A portion of the aqueous extract solution is
2
6.2 Distillate Fuel Bar Chart.
then removed and analyzed with a chloride test strip. Silver
ions within the test strip combine with chloride ions in the
7. Reagents and Materials
extract as it is drawn up by capillary action to form a white
7.1 Isooctane (2,2,4–trimethylpentane, CAS #540-84-1)—
column of silver chloride. The chloride concentration of the
Minimum ACS reagent grade purity.
extract, determined by the height of the column, is then related
backtothechloridecontentoftheaviationturbinefuelsample.
7.2 pH 7 Buffer Solution—Some pH 7 buffer solution can
contain trace levels of chloride compounds and therefore
4. Significance and Use
produce a false positive reading on the chloride test strip. Prior
4.1 Chloride present in aviation turbine fuel can originate
from refinery salt drier carryover or possibly from seawater
3
Guidelines for Sodium Chloride Contamination Troubleshooting and Decon-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on tamination of Airframe and Engine Fuel Systems, International Air Transport
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Association, 2nd Ed., February 1998, pg. 1.
4
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness. The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Chloride QuanTab (trademarked)
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally Test Strips, 30 – 600 mg/L) known to the committee at this time is Hach Company,
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7959 – 15. DOI: P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539-0389, http://www.hach.com. If you are
10.1520/D7959-16. aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Interna-
2
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting
1
ADJD417601. Original adjunct produced in 1991. of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7959 − 15 D7959 − 16 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Chloride Content Determination of Aviation Turbine Fuels
1
using Chloride Test Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a rapid means of determining chloride content of aviation turbine fuel. This methodology is
applicable for chloride concentrations between 0 mg ⁄L to 0.3 mg ⁄L. This methodology will not detect chlorine originating from
chlorinated organic compounds (that is, covalent bond).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Adjuncts:
2
Distillate Fuel Bar Chart
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A 3 L sample of aviation turbine fuel is extracted with pH 7 buffer solution by a magnetic stir plate and stir bar. The chloride
in the aviation turbine fuel sample transfers to the buffer solution. A portion of the aqueous extract solution is then removed and
analyzed with a chloride test strip. Silver ions within the test strip combine with chloride ions in the extract as it is drawn up by
capillary action to form a white column of silver chloride. The chloride concentration of the extract, determined by the height of
the column, is then related back to the chloride content of the aviation turbine fuel sample.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Chloride present in aviation turbine fuel can originate from refinery salt drier carryover or possibly from seawater
contamination (for example, product transferred by barge). Elevated chloride levels have caused corrosive and abrasive wear of
3
aircraft fuel control systems leading to engine failure.
5. Interferences
5.1 Some pH 7 buffer solution can contain trace levels of chloride compounds and therefore produce a false positive reading
on the chloride test strip. Prior to using a new batch of pH 7 buffer solution, a sample should be confirmed to produce no reading
on the chloride test strip.
4
5.2 The test strip will react with halides other than chloride (for example, bromide, iodide). The concentration of chloride in
salt used in refinery salt driers (predominantly NaCl and CaCl ) and in seawater, however, is in great excess compared to that of
2
other halides.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness.
Current edition approved March 15, 2015Dec. 1, 2016. Published April 2015January 2017. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
D7959 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D7959-15.10.1520/D7959-16.
2
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD417601. Original adjunct produced in 1991.
3
Guidelines for Sodium Chloride Contamination Troubleshooting and Decontamination of Airframe and Engine Fuel Systems, International Air Transport Association,
2nd Ed., February 1998, pg. 1.
4
The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Hach Quantab® Low Range (30-600 mg/L Cl-))(Chloride QuanTab (trademarked) Test Strips, 30 – 600 mg/L) known to the
committee at this time is Hach Company, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539-0389, http://www.hach.com. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this
1
information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may
attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7959 − 16
6. Apparatus
6.1 Magnetic Stir Plate and Stir Bar—The magnetic stir plate shall be capable of producing the stirring energy described in
Section 11.11. A magnetic stir bar in the form of a cr
...
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