ASTM A623M-22

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A623M −22
Standard Specification for
Tin Mill Products, General Requirements [Metric]
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A623M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
ThisspecificationisthemetriccounterpartofSpecificationA623.ItisnotintendedtoreplaceA623.
Users of the standard should note several very significant differences in how the product is produced
and marketed.
(1)Themetricproductdoesnotcarrytheoverrunassociatedwithtinmillproductsproducedtocustomaryunits.Metrictinmill
products are produced to ordered size.
(2)The metric product is designated in units of 100m called a SITA(System InternationalTinplateArea), rather than in base
boxes.
(3) The metric product is designated by thickness in millimetres rather than by basis weight.
(4) Coating weights are given in grams per square metre, not pounds per base box.
(5)Thickness tolerances are given in absolute figures instead of a 6 percentage.
(6) Each package of metric tin mill products contains 100 sheets, not the 112 of customary unit packages.
All of the above significant differences, as well as others of lesser consequence, should be considered when switching from
Specification A623 to Specification A623M.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers a group of common
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
requirements,whichunlessotherwisespecifiedinthepurchase
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
order or in an individual specification, shall apply to tin mill
products.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the purchase order, the individual material specification, and
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.
of Steel Products
NOTE 1—A complete inch-pound companion to Specification A623M A623Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Require-
has been developed—Specification A623; therefore, no inch-pound
ments
equivalents are presented.
A700Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat covers Annex A1
for Steel Products for Shipment
throughAnnexA8ofthisspecification: This standard does not
A987Practice for Measuring Shape Characteristics of Tin
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
Mill Products
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
terials
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
tions prior to use. 3
2.2 Military Standards:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.20 on Tin Mill Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A623M–16. DOI: AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
10.1520/A0623M-22. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A623M−22
MIL-STD-163 SteelMillProducts,PreparationforMarking 3.1.13 electrolytic tin plate, n—light-gage, low-carbon,
and Storage cold-reduced steel on which tin has been electrodeposited by
3 an acid or alkaline process.
2.3 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 3.1.13.1 J Plate, n—electrolytic tin plate, 5.6/2.8g⁄m or
heavier tin coating, with improved corrosion performance for
3. Terminology some galvanic detinning food products as specified in 3.1.13.2
and as measured by the Special Property Tests for Pickle Lag
3.1 Definitions:
(PL) (see Annex A2), Iron Solution Values (ISV) (see Annex
3.1.1 black plate, n—light-gage, low-carbon, cold-reduced
A4),TinCrystalSize(TCS)(seeAnnexA3).Thealloylayeris
steelintendedforuseintheuntinnedstateorfortheproduction
normally light in color, characteristic of the acid tinning
of other tin mill products. It is supplied only in a dry or oiled
process.
condition.
3.1.13.2 K Plate, n—electrolytic tin plate, 5.6/2.8g⁄m or
3.1.2 box annealing, n—aprocessinvolvingslowheatingof
heavier tin coating, with improved corrosion performance for
coils to a subcritical temperature, holding, and cooling
some galvanic detinning food products as specified in the
therefrom, to recrystallize the grain, and thus, relieve stresses
following table and as measured by the Special Property Tests
produced during cold reduction. It is accomplished in a sealed
forPickleLag(PL)(seeAnnexA2),IronSolutionValue(ISV)
container. By introducing and maintaining an inert or slightly
(seeAnnexA4),TinCrystalSize(TCS)(seeAnnexA3),Alloy
reducing atmosphere during the cycle, a relatively bright
Tin Couple (ATC) (see Annex A5) and Aerated Media Polar-
surface is obtained.
ization Test (AMP) (see Annex A8).
3.1.3 bright finish, n—a surface that has a lustrous appear-
Special Properties Aims
A
ance.
Pickle Lag 10 s max
Iron Solution Value 20 µg iron max
3.1.4 burr, n—metal displaced beyond the plane of the
Tin Crystal Size ASTM No. 9 or larger
B 2
Alloy Tin Couple 0.12 µA/cm max
surface by slitting or shearing (see 9.1.7 and 9.2.6).
3.1.5 camber, n—the greatest deviation of a coil edge from
A
The Pickle Lag test is not necessary if the product is processed using an anneal
a straight line; the measurement is taken on the concave side atmosphere gas of HNX or H .
B 2
Good mill practice has demonstrated the ability to average 0.05 µA ⁄cm or less
and is the perpendicular distance from a straight line to the
over an extended period of production.
point of maximum deviation (see 9.1.9 and 9.2.7).
3.1.13.3 Discussion—The production of J Plate and K Plate
3.1.6 chemical treatment, electrolytic tin plate, n—a passi-
require special processing and testing. In order to receive J
vating chemical treatment applied to the surface of electrolytic
Plate or K Plate, this requirement must be specified on the
tinplatetostabilizetheplatesurfacecharacteristicscompatible
order.
with a specified end use (see Annex A7).
3.1.14 length dimension, n—the longer dimension of a cut
3.1.7 chemically treated steel, n—light-gage, low-carbon,
size (see 9.2.9).
cold-reduced steel that has a passivating or chemical treatment
3.1.15 lot, n—each 20000 sheets or part thereof or the
applied to the surface to provide rust resistance or retard
equivalentincoils,ofaniteminaspecificshipmenthavingthe
underfilm corrosion, or both.
same order specifications.
3.1.8 cold reduction, n—the process of reducing the thick-
3.1.16 matte finish, n—a surface that has an unmelted tin
ness of the strip cold, generally accomplished by one rolling
coating, generally on a shot-blast finish (SBF) base steel.
through a series of four-high mills arranged in tandem.
3.1.17 mechanical designation, n—an arbitrary number to
3.1.9 continuousannealing,n—aprocessconsistingofpass-
designate Rockwell hardness and ultimate tensile strength
ing the cold-reduced strip continuously and in a single thick-
characteristics for double-reduced plate (see 8.2).
ness through a series of vertical passes within a furnace
consisting of heating, soaking, and cooling zones to recrystal- 3.1.18 oiling, n—alubricantfilmappliedtobothsurfacesof
lize the grain and thus relieve stresses produced during cold the plate.
reduction. An inert or slightly reducing atmosphere is main-
3.1.19 package, n—a quantity of 100 sheets.
tained in the furnace to obtain a relatively bright strip.
3.1.20 passivating treatment, n—a surface chemical treat-
3.1.10 differentiallycoatedtinplate,n—electrolytictinplate
ment (see 3.1.6).
with a different weight of tin coating on each surface.
3.1.21 Rockwell hardness test, n—a test for determining
3.1.11 double-reduced plate, n—plate given a second major
hardness (see Annex A1).
cold reduction following annealing. Some double-reduced
3.1.22 rolling width, n—the dimension of the sheet perpen-
products are produced to achieve a minimum level of ductility
dicular to the rolling direction.
(% elongation) in the material. These products carry the
designation of High Elongation Double-Reduced, or HEDR.
3.1.23 single-reduced plate, n—plate produced with one
major cold reduction.
3.1.12 electrolytic chromium-coated steel, n—light-gage,
low-carbon, cold-reduced steel on which chromium and chro- 3.1.24 SITA, n—100 square metres.
mium oxides have been electrodeposited. Formula for cut lengths:
A623M−22
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Tin Mill Products TABLE 2 Temper Designations and Hardness Values Single
Reduces Tin Mill Products—Box Annealed
Cast Composition, max %
Element Type D Type L Type MR
NOTE 1—Thinner plate (0.21mm ordered thickness and thinner) is
Carbon 0.12 0.13 0.13
normally tested using the Rockwell 15TS scale and the results converted
Manganese 0.60 0.60 0.60
to the Rockwell 30TS scale (see Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Phosphorous 0.020 0.015 0.020
Sulfur 0.03 0.03 0.03
Temper Designation Rockwell Hardness Values Characteristics and
A,B
A
Silicon 0.020 0.020 0.020
All Thickness HR30TS Typical End Uses
B
Copper 0.20 0.06 0.20
Nominal Rang e
Nickel 0.15 0.04 0.15
T-1 (T49) 49 45-53 soft for drawing parts
Chromium 0.10 0.06 0.10
such as nozzles,
Molybdenum 0.05 0.05 0.05
spouts, and oil filter
C
Aluminum 0.20 0.10 0.20
shells
Other elements, each 0.02 0.02 0.02 T-2 (T53) 53 49-57 moderately soft for
drawing shallow parts
A
When steel produced by the silicon killed method is ordered, the silicon
such as rings, plugs,
maximum may be increased to 0.080 %.
B and pie pans
When strand cast steel produced by the aluminum killed method is ordered or
T-3 (T57) 57 53-61 Fairly stiff for parts
furnished, the silicon maximum may be increased to 0.030 % when approved by
such as can ends and
the purchaser.
bodies, closures, and
C
Types L and MR may be supplied as non-killed or killed, which would respec-
crown caps
tively be produced without and with aluminum additions. Minimum aluminum level
T-4 (T61) 61 57-65 Increased stiffness for
for Type D is usually 0.02 %.
can ends and bodies,
crown caps, and large
closures
A
These ranges are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm
width mm length mm
~ ! ~ ! hardened steel ball indenter.
SITA 5 3 3numberofpackages B
The hardness ranges are requirements unless otherwise agreed upon between
1000 1000
producer and user.
Test conditions:
Formula for coils:
1. For referee purposes, samples of blackplate, unreflowed ETP, and ECCS shall
be aged prior to testing by holding at 400 °F for 10 min.
width mm
~ !
3length ~m!
2. For referee purposes, the hardness test area on material produced with SBF or
equivalent rolls shall be sanded smooth on both surfaces.
SITA 5
100m
3. To avoid incorrect results due to the cantilever effect, samples shall have an
2 1
area no larger than 4 in. and the point of testing shall be no more than ⁄2 in. off
3.1.25 steel Type D, n—base-metal steel aluminum killed,
the center of the samples.
sometimes required to minimize severe fluting and stretcher-
strain hazards or for severe drawing applications (see Table 1).
3.1.26 steel Type L, n—base-metal steel, low in metalloids
and residual elements, sometimes used for improved internal
tinweightoneachsurface,butomittingtheunits.Thus,2.8/2.8
corrosion resistance for certain food-product containers (see
designates tin plate with a coating of 2.8g⁄m on each of the
Table 1).
two surfaces. For differential coatings, the same system is
3.1.27 steel Type MR, n—base-metal steel, similar in met-
applied.Thus,1.1/2.2hasacoatingof1.1g⁄m ononesurface
alloid content to Type L but less restrictive in residual
and 2.2g⁄m on the other surface.
elements,commonlyusedformosttinmillproducts(seeTable
3.1.33 width dimension, n—the shorter dimension of a cut
1).
size (see 9.2.9).
3.1.28 surface appearance, n—visual characteristics deter-
mined primarily by the steel surface finish; for electrolytic tin
4. Base Metal
plate, the appearance is also influenced by the weight of
4.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, electric
coating and by melting or not melting the tin coating.
furnace, or basic-oxygen process.
3.1.29 surface finishes, n—steel surface finishes for tin mill
products imparted by the finishing-mill work rolls; these may
5. Chemical Composition
be either ground, blasted, or etched roll finishes.
5.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical composition
3.1.30 temper designation, n—an arbitrary number to des-
requirements as prescribed in Table 1 except as otherwise
ignate a Rockwell hardness range for single-reduced products,
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
whichindicatestheformingpropertiesoftheplate(seeSection
8 and Table 2 and Table 3).
6. Cast or Heat Analysis
3.1.31 temper mill, n—a mill for rolling base metal steel
6.1 ForType D, MR, and Lan analysis of each heat of steel
after annealing to obtain proper temper, flatness, and surface
shall be made by the supplier to determine the percentage of
finish; it may consist of one stand or two stands arranged in
carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and residual
tandem.
elementsshowninTable1.Otherelements,unlessagreedupon
3.1.32 tin coating weight, n—theweightoftinappliedtothe between the manufacturer and the purchaser, individually shall
steel surface, usually stated as grams per square metre distrib- not exceed 0.02%, maximum and while not necessarily
uted evenly over both surfaces. The coating is usually referred analyzed are dependent on the suppliers’ practices and con-
to by designation numbers, referring separately to the nominal trols.
A623M−22
TABLE 3 Temper Designations and Hardness Values Single-Reduced Tin Mill Products—Continuously Annealed
NOTE1—Thinnerplate(0.21mmorderedthicknessandthinner)isnormallytestedusingtheRockwell15TSandtheresultsconvertedtotheRockwell
30TS scale (see Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Temper Rockwell Hardness Value Characteristics and
A
Designation All Thicknesses HR30TS Typical End Uses
B
Nominal Range
T-1 (T49) 49 45–53 soft for drawing parts
such as nozzles,
spouts, and oil filter
shells
T-2 (T53) 53 49–57 moderately soft for
drawing shallow parts
such as rings, plugs,
and pie pans
T-3 (T57) 57 53-61 moderate stiffness for
parts such as can
ends and bodies,
drawn and ironed can
bodies closures, and
crown caps
T-4 (T61) 61 57-65 increased stiffness for
can ends, drawn (and
ironed) can bodies,
and large closure
T-5 (T65) 65 61-69 moderately high stiff-
ness for can ends and
bodies
A
These ranges are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm hardened steel ball indenter.
B
The hardness ranges are requirements unless otherwise agreed upon between producer and user.
Test conditions:
1. For referee purposes, samples of blackplate, unreflowed ETP, and ECCS shall be aged prior to testing by holding at 400 °F for 10 min.
2. For referee purposes, the hardness test area on material produced with SBF or equivalent rolls shall be sanded smooth on both surfaces.
3. To avoid incorrect results due to the cantilever effect, samples shall have an area no larger than 4 in. and the point of testing shall be no more than ⁄2 in. off the center
of the samples.
7. Product Analysis mumelongationforHEDRproductswillbeatthediscretionof
the producer and the user. No targets for HEDR products will
7.1 Rimmed or capped steels are characterized by a lack of
bereferencedasidefromtheUTSandhardnessvaluesinTable
uniformity in their chemical composition, and for this reason,
4. Designations for mechanical properties showing typical
product analysis is not technologically appropriate unless
applications are arranged in generally ascending level of
misapplication is clearly indicated.
strength as shown in Table 4.
8. Mechanical Requirements
8.3 Rockwell testing shall be in accordance with the latest
revisionofTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370(seeAnnexA1)
8.1 Single-Reduced Tin Mill Products, Temper—The term
and Test Methods E18.
temper, when applied to single-reduced tin mill products,
summarizes a combination of interrelated mechanical proper-
9. Permissible Variation in Dimensions
ties. No single mechanical test can measure all the various
factors that contribute to the fabrication characteristics of the
9.1 Dimensional Characteristics, Coils:
material. The Rockwell 30TS hardness value is a quick test,
9.1.1 Thickness, Method for Determination—When the pur-
which serves as a guide to the properties of the plate. This test
chaser wishes to make tests to ascertain compliance with the
forms the basis for a system of temper designations as shown
requirements of this specification for thickness of an item in a
in Table 2 and Table 3. A given temper shall have hardness
specific shipment of tin mill products in coils having the same
values meeting the limits shown.The mechanical properties of
order specification, the following procedure shall be used:
continuously annealed plate and batch annealed plate of the
Random and representative measurements using a hand mi-
sameRockwell30TStemperdesignationarenotidentical.Itis
crometer must be made throughout the coil length. Measure-
important to keep in mind, that the Rockwell 30TS test does
mentsmaybemadeatanylocationacrossthecoilwidthexcept
not measure all the various factors, which contribute to the
10mmfromthemill-trimmededge.Thehandmicrometersare
fabrication characteristics of the plate.
assumed to be accurate to 60.003mm. No measurements are
8.2 Double-Reduced Tin Mill Products, Mechanical to be made within 1.0m of a weld.
Characteristics—Notestorgroupoftestshavebeendeveloped 9.1.2 Thickness Tolerances shall conform to those pre-
that adequately predict the fabricating performance of double- scribed in Table 5 (also see Table 6).
reduced tin mill products. Some double-reduced products are 9.1.3 Transverse Thickness Profile is the change in sheet
produced to achieve a minimum level of ductility (% elonga- thicknessfromstripcentertoedgeatrightanglestotherolling
tion)inthematerial.TheseproductscarrythedesignationHigh direction. Thickness measured near the edge is normally less
Elongation Double-Reduced, or HEDR. The required mini- than the center thickness. The gauge measured 6mm in from
A623M−22
TABLE 4 Mechanical Designations Double-Reduced Tin Mill TABLE 6 Ordered Thickness and Thickness Tolerances
Products
NOTE 1—Thickness tolerances are +5% and -8% from the ordered
NOTE 1—Thinner plate (0.21mm ordered thickness and thinner) is thickness
normally tested using Rockwell 15TS scale and the results converted to
Ordered Thickness Thickness
the Rockwell 30TS scale (see Annex A1 and Table A1.1).
Thickness, Tolerance, Tolerance,
mm Over, mm Under, mm
Nominal Nominal
0.140 0.007 0.011
Longitudinal (L) Rockwell
B
0.150 0.008 0.012
Designation Ultimate Tensile Hardness Examples of Usage
A 0.160 0.008 0.013
Strength, MPa HR30-TS
0.170 0.008 0.014
DR-7.5 520 71 can bodies
0.180 0.009 0.014
DR-8 550 72 can bodies and
0.190 0.010 0.015
ends
0.200 0.010 0.016
DR-8.5 580 73 can bodies and
0.210 0.010 0.017
ends
0.220 0.011 0.018
DR-9 620 75 can bodies and
0.230 0.012 0.018
ends
0.240 0.012 0.019
DR-9.5 660 76 can ends
0.250 0.012 0.020
A
These values are based on the use of the diamond spot anvil and a 1.588 mm
0.260 0.013 0.021
steel ball indenter.Testing will be in accordance withTest Methods and Definitions
0.270 0.014 0.022
A370. Rockwell values are too varied to permit establishment of ranges. For
0.280 0.014 0.022
details see AISI Contributions to the Metallurgy of Steel, “Survey of Mechanical
0.290 0.014 0.023
Properties of Double Reduced Tin Plate,” January 1966.
0.300 0.015 0.024
B
Double-reduced products requiring a minimum % elongation or ductility will be
0.310 0.016 0.025
designated as HEDR (for example, HEDR-8 temper). The specified amount of
0.320 0.016 0.026
minimum elongation for a specific temper designation shall be agreed upon
0.330 0.016 0.026
between the producer and the user.
0.340 0.017 0.027
0.350 0.018 0.028
0.360 0.018 0.029
0.370 0.018 0.030
TABLE 5 Thickness Tolerances
0.380 0.019 0.030
NOTE 1—When weld-free coils are specified, this does not afford the
supplier the opportunity to discard off-gage product, and for that reason
the above thickness tolerances are not applicable.
TABLE 7 Coil Length Variation
Lot Size, Mg (metric tons) Tolerance
No. of Coils Variation, ±, %
0 to 5.5 95 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances slated in Table 6.
100 0.1
Over 5.5 to 13.6 97.5 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances stated in Table 6.
Over 13.6 to 68.0 99.0 % of the product of the coils shall be within
the tolerances stated in Table 6.
Over 68.0 99.5 % of the product of the coils shall be within
9.1.8.1 Since it is a common practice for each consumer’s
the tolerances stated in Table 6.
shearing operation to keep a running measurement of their
supplier’s coil shipments, any length variation in small lots (1
to 5 coils) for a given period will automatically be included in
themilltrimmededgeshallbenomorethaneither13%below
this summary. Before concluding there is a length variation in
the ordered thickness or 10% less than the center thickness of
these small lots, the total length received from the supplier,
the individual sheet being measured. Common components of
regardless of thickness, over periods of one month or one
transverse thickness profile are crown and feather edge.
quarter, or both should be checked.
9.1.4 Crown is the difference in strip thickness from the
9.1.9 Camber is limited to a maximum of 6mm in 6m or
center of roll width and the location 25mm in from the
fraction thereof of length, in accordance with the latest version
mill-trimmed edge.
of measuring methods and definitions in Test Method A987.
9.1.5 Feather Edge is the maximum difference in thickness
9.1.10 Inside Coil Diameters—Thestandardinsidediameter
across the strip width between points measured at 6mm and
produced is approximately 410mm.
25mm from both mill-trimmed edges. The thickness 6mm
from an edge is usually less than the thickness measured 9.2 Dimensional Characteristics, Cut Sizes:
25mm or more from the same edge. 9.2.1 Thickness, Method for Determination—Random mea-
9.1.6 Width—Coils are trimmed to ordered width. The slit surements must be made at least 25mm from the slit edge of
dimension shall not vary by more than −0, +3mm. the sheet using a hand micrometer. The hand micrometers are
9.1.7 Burr—A maximum of 0.05mm is permissible. Burr assumed to be accurate to 60.003mm.
may be estimated by using a micrometer with a flat anvil and 9.2.2 Thickness Tolerances—Tin mill products in cut sizes
spindle and measuring the difference between strip thickness are produced within thickness tolerances of +5%, -8% of the
adjacent to the edge and strip thickness at the edge, which ordered thickness, see (Table 6). Any sheets not meeting this
includes the displaced metal. Care must be taken during that requirement are subject to rejection.
measurement to avoid deforming the displaced metal. 9.2.3 Transverse Thickness Profile is the change in sheet
9.1.8 Coil Length—Variation between the measured length thicknessfromstripcentertoedgeatrightanglestotherolling
by the purchaser versus the supplier’s billed length shall not direction. Thickness measured near the edge is normally less
exceed the limits prescribed in Table 7. than the center thickness. The gauge measured 6mm in from
A623M−22
themilltrimmededgeshallbenomorethaneither13%below 13. Conditions of Manufacture
the ordered thickness or 10% less than the center thickness of
13.1 Thepurchasershouldbeinformedofanyalterationsin
the individual sheet being measured. Common components of
the method of manufacture, which will significantly affect the
transverse thickness profile are crown and feather edge.
properties of the purchased product. Similarly, the purchaser
9.2.4 Crown is the difference in strip thickness from the
should inform the manufacturer of modifications in their
center of roll width and the location 25mm in from the
fabrication methods, which will significantly affect the way in
mill-trimmed edge.
which the purchased product is used.
9.2.5 Feather Edge is the maximum difference in thickness
across the strip width between points measured at 6mm and
14. Inspection
25mm from both mill-trimmed edges. The thickness 6mm
14.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have
from an edge is usually less than the thickness measured
entry, at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser
25mm or more from the same edge.
is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
9.2.6 Burr—A maximum of 0.05mm is permissible. Burr
that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The
may be estimated by using a micrometer with a flat anvil and
supplier shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to
spindle and measuring the difference between strip thickness
satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance
adjacent to the edge and strip thickness at the edge, which
with this specification. Unless otherwise specified, all inspec-
includes the displaced metal. Care must be taken during that
tion and tests shall be made prior to shipment at the supplier’s
measurement to avoid deforming the displaced metal.
works and such inspection or sampling shall be made in
9.2.7 Camber—The maximum permissible deviation is
conjunction with and to the extent of the manufacturer’s
1.3mm for each 1m of length or fraction thereof, in accor-
regular inspection operations.
dance with the latest version of measuring methods and
definitions in Test Method A987.
15. Rejection
9.2.8 Out-of-Square is the deviation of an end edge from a
15.1 Material that shows excessive number of injurious
straight line, which is placed at a right angle to the side of the
imperfections subsequent to its acceptance at the manufactur-
plate, touching one corner and extending to the opposite side.
er’s works, except as noted in the basis of purchase of the
The amount of deviation is customarily limited to 1.5mm for
applicable specification, shall be rejected and the supplier
anyedgemeasurement,exceptthatamultiple-packageliftmay
notified.
containamaximumoffoursheetswithadeviationupto3mm.
9.2.9 Shearing Practice—Tin mill products are generally
16. Packaging
ordered to even-numbered millimetres and sheared to ordered
16.1 Unless otherwise specified, the tinplate shall be pack-
size. The greater dimension is considered length. The slit
aged and loaded in accordance with Practices A700.
dimensionshallnotvarybymorethan–0,+3mmandthedrum
16.2 When specified in the contract or order, and for direct
cut dimension shall not vary by more than –0, +6mm.
procurement by or direct shipment to the government, when
10. Special Requirements
LevelAisspecified,preservation,packaging,andpackingshall
be in accordance with the LevelArequirements of MIL-STD-
10.1 Welds—Coils may contain lap or mesh welds, the
163.
locations of which are marked. A hole may be punched
adjacent to the weld for automatic rejection of the weld during
16.3 The standard method of shipping coils is with the eye
shearing. The leading ends of lap welds shall not exceed
of the coil vertical.
25mm.
17. Marking
10.2 Cores—If coil centers must be supported to minimize
17.1 As a minimum requirement, the material shall be
damage, this requirement should be so stated on the order as a
identified by having the manufacturer’s name, ASTM
special requirement.
designation, weight, purchaser’s order number, and material
11. Sheet Count—Cut Sizes identification legibly stenciled on top of each lift or shown on
a tag attached to each coil or shipping unit.
11.1 Small variations in sheet count of a multiple-package
lift should average out to at least the proper exact count in 17.2 When specified in the contract or order, and for direct
quantities of 450 packages or more.
procurementbyordirectshipmenttothegovernment,marking
for shipment, in addition to requirements specified in the
12. Retest Procedure
contract or order, shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-129
12.1 In the event the material fails to meet the specified for military agencies and in accordance with Federal Std. No.
requirements, two further series of samples are to be selected 123 for civil agencies.
bythepurchaserinaccordancewiththeapplicableprocedures.
18. Keywords
Both retests must meet the specification limits to qualify as
meeting the requirements. 18.1 strength; tensile; tin mill products
A623M−22
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1. ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTING OF TIN MILL PRODUCTS
TABLE A1.1 Conversion Table (Approximation) Rockwell
A1.1 Scope
Hardness Testing
A1.1.1 This annex covers the application to tin mill prod-
HR30TS HR15TS HR30TS HR15TS
ucts of Rockwell superficial hardness tests using the 15TS and
82.0 93.0 65.0 84.0
30TS scales. Tests shall be made in accordance with the
81.5 92.5 64.0 . . .
methods outlined in Test Methods E18 and Test Methods and 81.0 . . . 63.5 83.5
80.5 92.0 62.5 83.0
Definitions A370 with the exceptions given in the following
80.0 . . . 62.0 . . .
sections.
79.0 91.5 61.5 82.5
78.5 . . . 60.5 82.0
A1.2 Anvil 78.0 91.0 60.0 . . .
77.5 90.5 59.5 81.5
A1.2.1 All tests shall be made using the diamond spot anvil
77.0 . . . 58.5 81.0
and a 1.588mm hardened steel ball indenter. 76.0 90.0 58.0 . . .
75.5 89.5 57.0 80.5
75.0 . . . 56.5 . . .
A1.3 Specimens
74.5 89.0 56.0 80.0
A1.3.1 Thickness—The recommendations given inTable 12 74.0 88.5 55.0 79.5
73.5 . . . 54.5 . . .
of Test Methods E18 shall not apply to tests on tin mill
73.0 88.0 54.0 79.0
products. The Rockwell superficial scale to be used shall be
72.0 87.5 53.0 78.5
71.5 . . . 52.5 . . .
determinedfromthenominalthicknessofthematerialasgiven
71.0 87.0 51.5 78.0
in the following table:
70.0 86.5 51.0 77.5
Nominal Sheet Thickness, Rockwell Superficial Major Load, 69.5 . . . 50.5 . . .
mm Scale kgf
69.0 86.0 49.5 77.0
0.212 and less 15TS 15 68.0 85.5 49.0 76.5
0.547–0.213 30TS 30
67.5 . . . 48.5 . . .
67.0 85.0 47.5 76.0
A1.3.2 Surface Finish—The surface of the specimen in
66.0 . . . 47.0 75.5
contact with the diamond spot anvil shall be flat, smooth, and
65.5 84.5 46.0 . . .
free from dirt or surface irregularities. When necessary, both
specimen surfaces shall be sanded smooth to remove surface
irregularities that may affect the test results. Sanding debris
shall be removed from the sample before testing. Unless
otherwise agreed upon, the tin coating shall not be removed
A1.4.2 Conversion—Hardnesstestsmadeonthe15TSscale
from the surface on which the indentation is made.
may be converted to the 30TS scale by the use of TableA1.1.
It is recognized that such conversions are for convenience in
A1.4 Reports
reporting and that conversion, particularly from tests on thin
A1.4.1 Number of Tests—The Rockwell scale value to be
and soft materials, is not an accurate process.
reported shall be the average of at least three impressions.
A2. METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF PICKLE LAG ON STEEL FOR ELECTROLYTIC TIN PLATE
INTRODUCTION
It is not intended that variations in apparatus, sample preparation, or procedures from those
described in this standard method be precluded. Suppliers or consumers may employ such variations
for control purposes provided test results agree with results obtained by the standard method.
A623M−22
A2.1 Scope Society, where such specifications are available. Other grades
may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is
A2.1.1 The rate of pickling test, also called the pickle lag
of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening
test, is one of four special property tests used to measure
the accuracy of the determination.
certain characteristics of electrolytic tin plate, which affect
A2.4.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, refer-
internal corrosion resistance. The test is applicable to nominal
ences to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or
tin coating and heavier electrolytic tin plate (For K-plate, see
water of equal purity.
3.1.13.2andJ-plate,see3.1.13.1).Itisnotapplicableto2.8/2.8
and lighter electrolytic tin plate.
A2.4.3 For Rate of Pickling Test:
A2.4.3.1 Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), (6 N).
A2.2 Summary of Method
A2.4.4 For Sample Preparation:
A2.2.1 The time lag for a piece of steel to attain constant
A2.4.4.1 Acetone.
dissolution rate in acid under controlled conditions is deter-
A2.4.4.2 Antimony Trichloride Solution (120 g/L)—
mined. The change in pressure in a closed system caused by
Dissolve 120g of antimony trichloride (SbCl)in1Lof
hydrogen evolution from the steel is continuously plotted on a
concentrated HCl.
chart through use of an electro-mechanical linkage and mer-
A2.4.4.3 Sodium Carbonate Solution (Na CO ) (0.5%).
2 3
cury manometer.
A2.4.4.4 Sodium Hydroxide Solution (NaOH) (10%).
A2.4.4.5 Sodium Peroxide (Na O ), granulated.
2 2
A2.3 Apparatus
A2.4.5 For Water Bath:
5,6
A2.3.1 Reaction Vessel, consistingofaspeciallymodified
A2.4.5.1 Paraffın Oil.
125mL Erlenmeyer flask. The flask shall have a 10mm bore
stopcock, glass sealed to the mouth and a small-diameter glass
A2.5 Test Specimen Preparation
tube side arm sealed in the side just below the mouth of the
A2.5.1 Test Specimen—A piece of steel 8 by 65mm with
original flask. The bottom of the flask shall be rounded out.A
thelongdimensionperpendiculartotherollingdirectionofthe
mercury switch shall be attached to the stop-cock plug with a
steel.
metal band.
A2.5.1.1 Cut a piece of metal 8 by 100mm or longer. The
added length above the 65mm serves as a handle during
A2.3.2 Constant-Temperature Water Bath, large enough to
accommodatethereactionvesselandmaintainatemperatureof preparation.
90 6 0.5°C. A2.5.1.2 Remove surface oil and grease by dipping the
specimen in acetone and wiping with a cloth or paper towel.
7,6
A2.3.3 Recording Mercury Manometer, to measure the
A2.5.1.3 Cathodically clean the specimen in 0.5% solution
rate of increase in pressure in the vessel generated by hydro-
of Na CO , rinse in water, and dry.
2 3
gen. Initial setup of the recorder is described in Section 9.
A2.5.1.4 Detin the specimen by immersing in SbCl -HCl
solution at room temperature.Allow the specimen to remain in
A2.3.4 A381 by 3.17mm magnetized steel rod for removal
solution 10 to 20s after bubbling ceases.
oftestspecimen.(Aone-holerubberstoppermaybepositioned
A2.5.1.5 Removethespecimen,rinseintapwater,andwipe
near the upper end to prevent the bottom of the rod from
striking the bottom of the reaction flask.) surfacecleanofantimony.(Awetcellulosespongewithalittle
non-ionic detergent has been found effective.)
A2.3.5 Coordinate Paper,101by279mm,witheither10or
A2.5.1.6 Immerse specimen in 10% NaOH solution held at
20 gradations, each 25.4mm.
90°C for approximately 1 min. During this time add granu-
lated Na O slowly to keep solution bubbling freely. This
2 2
A2.4 Reagents and Materials
treatment removes the last traces of antimony and any iron-tin
A2.4.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall
alloy not removed during detinning. More than one specimen
be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended
may be treated at one time. A stainless steel beaker with
that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the
specimens contacting the beaker appears to facilitate removal
Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical
of the antimony and iron-tin alloy.
A2.5.1.7 Rinse specimen successively in tap water, distilled
ordeionizedwaterandacetone.Alternativelyrinsespecimenin
4 tap water and wipe dry with a clean towel.
Willey,A.R.,Krickl,J.L.,andHartwell,R.R.,“SteelSurfacePropertiesAffect
Internal Corrosion Performance ofTin Plate Containers,” Corrosion,Vol 12, No. 9,
A2.5.1.8 Trim specimen to 8 by 65mm.
1956, p. 433.
A2.5.1.9 Handlethespecimenwithforcepsastouchingwith
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
the fingers may produce erratic test results.
isWilkens-AndersonCo.,5626W.DivisionSt.,Chicago,IL60651.Suchapparatus
or its equivalent has been found satisfactory.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1 8
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. “Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,”Am. Chemi-
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time cal Soc., Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
is Thwing-Albert Instrument Co., 10960 Dutton Rd., Philadelphia, PA19154. Such the American Chemical Society, see “Analar Standards for Laboratory U.K.
apparatus or its equivalent has been found satisfactory. Chemicals,” BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, and the “United States Pharmacopeia.”
A623M−22
A2.8.2 Headspace in the vessel affects the slope of the
corrosion–time curve. The total volume of headspace in the
reaction vessel between the liquid level and the plug of the
stopcockshouldbeapproximately40mLincludingthevolume
of the side arm to the manometer. Lag time is not affected by
small variation in headspace volume.
A2.8.3 Itisessentialthatthesystembegas-tight.Aperiodic
test to check the system is recommended. Attach an aspirator
bulb to the reaction vessel inlet. Raise pressure to about 7kPa.
Close the stopcock and start the recording drum and holding
pressureinsystem.Ifthesystemisgas-tight,therecordingpen
will draw a straight horizontal line.
A2.9 Assembly and Preparation of Apparatus
A2.9.1 It has been found convenient to alter the manometer
(see A2.3.3) furnished with the equipment to avoid occasional
problems of air entrapment in the mercury reservoir. The
reservoir may be replaced with a stainless steel U-tube and
connected to the two glass tubes with rubber tubing.
A2.9.2 Remove the front panel and the circular plate on top
of the recorder (see Annex A2.3.3) to install the mercury
FIG. A2.1 Pickle Lag
manometer. Make an electrical connection from the mercury
reservoir or the stainless steel U-tube to the electrical relay.
A2.6 Procedure
Withthetravelingrackabout6.35mmfromitsbottomposition
insertthemovingelectricalcontactinthemanometerarmwith
A2.6.1 Bring the constant-temperature water bath to 90 6
thereservoirtrapattopandattachittothetopoftherack.Add
0.5°C, making certain the 6 N HCl in the reaction vessel has
mercury to the trap to bring the level up to the bottom of the
also reached 90°C, if it has been freshly transferred.
moving contact. Add a drop of 6N HCl to the straight
A2.6.2 Start recorder and place the pen against the graph
manometer arm to keep the wall clean. The arm should be
paper near the bottom.
cleaned or replaced when it becomes coated with mercury
A2.6.3 Drop the specimen into the reaction vessel and
compounds.
immediately close the stopcock. The mercury switch will start
A2.9.3 Connect the straight manometer arm to the reaction
the recorder drum turning. The pressure generated by reaction
vessel with a 457mm length of rubber or vinyl tubing,
of the acid on the specimen will cause the pen to rise.
4.76mm inside diameter.
A2.6.4 Allow approximately 51 to 635mm of vertical pen
A2.9.4 Connect the mercury switch in series with the motor
travel. Remove pen from paper and immediately open stop-
drivefortherecorderdrum.Theswitchisadjustedsothemotor
cock.
turns on when the stopcock of the reaction vessel is in the
A2.6.5 Remove the specimen with a magnetized rod.
closed position. The rack should oscillate vertically when the
switch on the top of the recorder is turned to the on position.
A2.6.6 Reposition the pen for the next determination and
repeat the procedure.
A2.9.5 Add a layer of paraffin oil approximately 6.35mm
thick to the water bath in order to minimize evaporation.
A2.6.7 Change acid after every ten specimens.
A2.9.6 Mount the reaction vessel in the constant-
A2.7 Calculation
temperature water bath using a corrosion-resistant buret holder
A2.7.1 Extrapolate the upper straight-line portion of the
so that the side arm is 12.7mm below the level of the bath.
curve to the horizontal base line.
Stopcockgreaseorequivalentisusedtolubricatethestopcock,
which is firmly held in place by a 12.7mm wide rubber band
A2.7.2 Measure the time in seconds along the horizontal
or other means.
base line between the origin of the curve and the point where
the extrapolation intersects the base line. This time in seconds
A2.9.7 Fillthereactionvesselwith6 NHCltothestopcock.
is defined as the pickle lag. A typical curve is shown in Fig.
Removeenoughacidtoprovideaconstantheadspaceof40mL
A2.1.
in the reaction vessel and side arm. This is readily accom-
plished by lowering a glass tube of convenient bore to a
A2.8 Interferences
predetermined depth (the glass tube should be marked for this
A2.8.1 Do not use rubber stoppers and tubing in contact purpose)andconnectingittoawateraspirator.Anyacidinthe
with the acid. Some substance is extracted from the rubber, sidearmshouldbeexpelledbysqueezingthetubingconnected
which acts as an inhibitor and increases lag time. to the side arm.
A623M−22
A3. METHODS FOR TIN CRYSTAL SIZE TEST FOR ELECTROLYTIC TIN PLATE
INTRODUCTION
Thethreemethodsdescribedinthisannexforestimatingtincrystalsizeonelectrolytictinplateare
typical of several possible methods to obtain the same result. Publication of these methods is not
intended to preclude any other method that produces the same result.
A3.1 Scope A3.5 Test Specimen
A3.1.1 The tin crystal size test is one of four special
A3.5.1 The sample consists of any convenient size piece of
property tests used to measure certain characteristics of elec-
fused electrolytic tin plate 25.8cm or larger.
trolytictinplate,whichaffectinternalcorrosionresistance.The
A3.6 Procedure
test is applicable to nominal tin coating weights 5.6/2.8g⁄m
and heavier electrolytic tin plate (for K-plate, see 3.1.13.2 and
A3.6.1 Method No. 1—Ferric chloride etch.
J-plate, see 3.1.13.1). It is not applicable to 2.8/2.8g⁄m and
A3.6.1.1 Prepare etching solution by dissolving 100g of
lighter electrolytic tin plate.
FeCl ·6 HOand1gofNa S·9 H O or NaHSO ·H O in 1000
3 2 2 2 3 2
mL of 1 N HCl. Solution is reusable but should be replaced
A3.2 Summary of Method
when etching of specimen takes longer than 30s.
A3.2.1 The surface of a piece of electrolytic tin plate is
A3.6.1.2 Buff surface of specimen vigorously but with light
chemically etched or examined under polarized light to reveal
pressurewithcottonorsoftcloth.Thisdisruptsthepassivefilm
the tin crystal pattern. The size of the tin crystals is estimated
and permits the etching solution to attack the tin readily.
by comparison with ASTM macro-grain size number stan-
A3.6.1.3 AsanalternativetoA3.6.1.2and,iftheequipment
dards.
is available, cathodically clean specimen in 0.5% sodium
carbonate(Na CO )solutionfor30s.Reversingthepolarityof
2 3
A3.3 Apparatus (Required Only for Method No. 3)
the current for 1s near the beginning of the cleaning cycle
5,6
A3.3.1 Polarized Light Source and Analyzer.
assists in removal of the passive layer. Rinse in tap water.
A3.6.1.4 Immersespecimeninetchingsolutionfor5to15s
A3.4 Reagents a
...