ASTM A1000/A1000M-17
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
ABSTRACT
This specification covers round, shaped and flat rolled plain carbon and alloy steel spring wires, uniform in quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs that can withstand moderate fatigue stresses over some relatively low number of cycles. This wire shall be either in the annealed and cold-drawn or oil-tempered conditions. The steel may be made by any commercially accepted steel making process in either ingot cast or strand cast form. The percentage of the following elements: carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, and vanadium, shall conform to the chemical composition requirements and be determined by heat analysis. Tensile and wrap tests shall conform to the mechanical requirements such as tensile strength. Metallurgical requirements including eddy current testing for etched surface, decarburization, and inclusion content are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four different grades of round and shaped plain carbon and alloy steel spring wire, uniform in quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs that can withstand moderate fatigue stresses over some relatively low number of cycles. The quality level is between the commercial quality grades of wire such as Specifications A401/A401M, A231/A231M, and A229/A229M and the valve spring quality grades such Specifications as A230/A230M, A232/A232M, and A877/A877M. It is similar to the grade TD (referenced in EN 10270-2) intended for medium fatigue levels, such as required for clutch springs. This wire shall be either in the annealed and cold-drawn or quenched and tempered condition as specified by purchaser.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: A1000/A1000M − 17
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1000/A1000M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A231/A231M Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy
Steel Spring Wire
1.1 This specification covers four different grades of round
A232/A232M Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy
and shaped plain carbon and alloy steel spring wire, uniform in
Steel Valve Spring Quality Wire
quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of mechanical
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
springs that can withstand moderate fatigue stresses over some
of Steel Products
relatively low number of cycles. The quality level is between
A401/A401M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-
the commercial quality grades of wire such as Specifications
Silicon Alloy
A401/A401M, A231/A231M, and A229/A229M and the valve
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
spring quality grades such Specifications as A230/A230M,
for Steel Products for Shipment
A232/A232M, and A877/A877M. It is similar to the grade TD
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
(referenced in EN 10270-2) intended for medium fatigue
cal Analysis of Steel Products
levels, such as required for clutch springs. This wire shall be
A877/A877M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-
either in the annealed and cold-drawn or quenched and
Silicon Alloys, Chrome-Silicon-Vanadium Alloy Valve
tempered condition as specified by purchaser.
Spring Quality
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
terials
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
with the standard.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
2.2 European Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
EN 10270-2 Steel Wire for Mechanical Springs Part 2:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Oil-Hardened and Tempered Springsteel Wire of Unal-
3
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
loyed and Alloyed Steels
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, see
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Terminology A941.
A229/A229M Specification for Steel Wire, Quenched and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Tempered for Mechanical Springs
3.2.1 commercial quality wire, n—wire that is fairly com-
A230/A230M Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered
mon quality and intended for applications that are primarily
Carbon Valve Spring Quality static in nature, or not involving significant fatigue loading.
3.2.2 equivalent round diameter, n—diameter of a round
wire having equivalent cross sectional area to a given shaped
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
wire.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.2.3 shape factor, n—this value is used to obtain cross
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally
sectional area for shaped wires when multiplied by measured
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A1000/A1000M – 11.
width and measured thickness.
DOI: 10.1520/A1000_A1000M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from European Committee for Standardization, rue de Stassart
the ASTM website. 36,B-1050 Brussels
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1000/A1000M − 17
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Wire Dimensions (Round and
3.2.4 round wire, n—wire having a circular cross section.
A
Flat)
3.2.5 f
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1000/A1000M − 11 A1000/A1000M − 17
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1000/A1000M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers four different grades of round and shaped plain carbon and alloy steel spring wire, uniform in
quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs that can withstand moderate fatigue stresses over some
relatively low number of cycles. The quality level is between the commercial quality grades of wire such as Specifications
A401/A401M, A231/A231M, and A229/A229M and the valve spring quality grades such Specifications as A230/A230M,
A232/A232M, and A877/A877M. It is similar to the grade TD (referenced in EN 10270-2) intended for medium fatigue levels,
such as required for clutch springs. This wire shall be either in the annealed and cold-drawn or quenched and tempered condition
as specified by purchaser.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A229/A229M Specification for Steel Wire, Quenched and Tempered for Mechanical Springs
A230/A230M Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring Quality
A231/A231M Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring Wire
A232/A232M Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality Wire
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A401/A401M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A877/A877M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloys, Chrome-Silicon-Vanadium Alloy Valve Spring Quality
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
2.2 European Standard:
EN 10270-2 Steel Wire for Mechanical Springs Part 2: Oil-Hardened and Tempered Springsteel Wire of Unalloyed and Alloyed
3
Steels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, see Terminology A941.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.03
on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved July 1, 2011Sept. 1, 2017. Published July 2011September 2017. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
A1000 – 05.A1000/A1000M – 11. DOI: 10.1520/A1000_A1000M-11.10.1520/A1000_A1000M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from European Committee for Standardization, rue de Stassart 36,B-1050 Brussels
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1000/A1000M − 17
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 commercial quality wire—wire, n—a grade of wire that is fairly common quality and intended for applications that are
primarily static in nature, or not involving significant fatigue loading.
3.2.2
...
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