ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Bitumen and Aggregate Content of Bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures From Roofing Samples
Standard Test Method for Bitumen and Aggregate Content of Bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures From Roofing Samples
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method offers a convenient alternative to solvent extraction for the approximate determination of top-coating bitumen and adhered aggregate in roofing samples, particularly when the bitumen is coal-tar pitch.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bitumen content of adhered aggregate surfacing on a roof, and the approximate mass per unit area of the flood coat and adhered aggregate.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2022
- Technical Committee
- D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
- Drafting Committee
- D08.20 - Roofing Membrane Systems
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2004
- Effective Date
- 10-Dec-1999
Overview
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022): Standard Test Method for Bitumen and Aggregate Content of Bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures From Roofing Samples provides a systematic approach for the approximate determination of bitumen and aggregate content in roofing samples. Developed by ASTM International, this test method is particularly useful for assessing the composition of roofing materials, such as those incorporating coal-tar pitch or asphalt, and serves as a practical alternative to solvent extraction methods.
The standard outlines procedures to determine:
- The bitumen content of adhered aggregate surfacing on roofing samples
- The approximate mass per unit area of the flood coat and adhered aggregate
Compliance with this test method ensures accurate and repeatable measurement results, supporting quality assurance in roofing system analysis and performance evaluation.
Key Topics
Significance and Use
- Offers a convenient and safer alternative to solvent extraction for analyzing roofing compositions
- Particularly valuable for samples containing coal-tar pitch bitumen
Test Method and Measurement
- Determines proportions of bitumen and aggregate based on their relative densities and those of their mixture
- Allows calculation of the mass per unit area for both bitumen and aggregate
Units of Measurement
- Supports both SI (metric) and inch-pound (imperial) units; these should be used independently to avoid nonconformance
Safety and Compliance
- Users must establish suitable safety, health, and environmental practices
- The standard addresses compliance with internationally recognized principles, following World Trade Organization (WTO) guidelines for standardization
Applications
Practical Value in Roofing and Construction
- Quality Control: Facilitates material assessment for roofing manufacturers and contractors, ensuring correct application and composition of bitumen and aggregate layers
- Forensic Analysis: Aids building consultants and inspectors in determining the cause of roofing failures or in conducting post-installation analyses
- Product Compliance: Helps manufacturers demonstrate that roofing materials meet industry specifications
Industry Sectors Benefiting
- Roofing and waterproofing system manufacturers
- Building and construction quality assurance teams
- Laboratories performing material characterization on roofing assemblies
- Maintenance teams evaluating the lifespan and integrity of existing built-up roofing systems
Related Standards
- ASTM D71: Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and Asphalt (Displacement Method) - referenced for density measurement procedures
- ASTM D2829/D2829M: Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Existing Built-Up Roof Systems - referenced for sampling requirements
Keywords: bitumen, aggregate, roofing samples, built-up roofing, coal-tar pitch, asphalt, ASTM D4074, test method, roofing material analysis, flood coat, aggregate surfacing
Summary
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022) delivers a reliable, internationally recognized standard for quantifying bitumen and aggregate content in roofing materials. With a straightforward procedure that foregoes the use of harsh solvents, it ensures safer, cost-effective, and accurate testing for roofing and construction professionals. By referencing this standard, organizations can maintain quality and compliance in roofing systems, benefiting from improved longevity and performance insights. For those involved in roofing analysis, construction material quality assurance, and related laboratory testing, this standard provides essential guidance for material evaluation and regulatory conformity.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Bitumen and Aggregate Content of Bitumen-Aggregate Mixtures From Roofing Samples". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method offers a convenient alternative to solvent extraction for the approximate determination of top-coating bitumen and adhered aggregate in roofing samples, particularly when the bitumen is coal-tar pitch. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bitumen content of adhered aggregate surfacing on a roof, and the approximate mass per unit area of the flood coat and adhered aggregate. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This test method offers a convenient alternative to solvent extraction for the approximate determination of top-coating bitumen and adhered aggregate in roofing samples, particularly when the bitumen is coal-tar pitch. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bitumen content of adhered aggregate surfacing on a roof, and the approximate mass per unit area of the flood coat and adhered aggregate. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D71-94(2019), ASTM D71-94(2015)e1, ASTM D71-94(2009), ASTM D71-94(2004), ASTM D71-94(1999). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4074/D4074M-11(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4074/D4074M −11 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Bitumen and Aggregate Content of Bitumen-Aggregate
Mixtures From Roofing Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4074/D4074M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The proportions of bitumen and aggregate in a mixture
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bitu-
are determined from their relative densities and the relative
men content of adhered aggregate surfacing on a roof, and the
density of their mixture.
approximate mass per unit area of the flood coat and adhered
aggregate.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 This test method offers a convenient alternative to
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
solvent extraction for the approximate determination of top-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
coating bitumen and adhered aggregate in roofing samples,
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
particularly when the bitumen is coal-tar pitch.
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
5. Apparatus
with the standard.
5.1 Beaker, 500 mL minimum capacity, without a pour
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
spout.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5.2 Glass Cover Plate,127by127by3mm[5by5by
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 0.12 in.].
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.3 Balance, 1000 6 0.1 g capacity.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
6. Materials
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6.1 Isopropyl Alcohol, (CH ) CHOH, commercial grade.
3 2
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6.2 Paper Cups, paraffin-coated, 61 mm [2.4 in.] in diam-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
eter by 76 in. [3 mm] high, 150 mL [5 oz] capacity.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
7. Sampling
2. Referenced Documents
7.1 Obtain samples in the field in accordance with Practice
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2829/D2829M.
D71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and
8. Procedure
Asphalt (Displacement Method)
D2829/D2829M Practice for Sampling and Analysis of Ex- 5
8.1 Cut a 100-mm [5 ⁄8-in.] square specimen from the
isting Built-Up Roof Systems
roofing sample and collect any associated loose, bitumen-free
aggregate in a tared paper cup.
8.2 Add additional loose, bitumen-free aggregate to the cup
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
from the remaining sample, if necessary, to obtain a 100 to
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on
Roofing Membrane Systems.
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4074/D4074M – 11 Thesolesourceofsupplyofthebeaker,KimbleChase,part#14020-600Kimax
(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D4074_D4074M-11R22. 600mLwithoutspout,knowntothecommitteeatthistimeisFisherScientific,1022
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D4074/D4074M − 11 (2022)
200-g specimen of the aggregate. Weigh the aggregate to the 9.2 Calculate the relative density of the aggregate-bitumen
nearest 0.1 g and record as M . mixture (S ) as follows:
a m
S 5 M / T1M 2 W (2)
8.3 Place the roofing specimen on aluminum foil or release ~ !
m m m m
paper and carefully remove the adhered aggregate and top
where:
coating with a hot knife or scraper without damaging the top
M = weight of the mixture in air, g,
m
felt.
T = weight of the cov
...
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