iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D3079-94(1999)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products

Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of water vapor transmission for flexible heat-sealed packages under specified conditions of exposure.  Note-Adequate heat-seal efficiency should be determined prior to this test method.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-1999
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
Drafting Committee
F02.30 - Mechanical Dispensers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D3079-94(2003) - Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products
Effective Date
15-Nov-1994
Referred By
ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
Effective Date
10-May-1999
Referred By
ASTM F2902-16e1 - Standard Guide for Assessment of Absorbable Polymeric Implants
Effective Date
10-May-1999

Buy Standard

ASTM D3079-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry ProductsASTM D3079-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D3079-94(1999) - Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3079 – 94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages
for Dry Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3079; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount 5.1 This test method determines the water vapor barrier
of water vapor transmission for flexible heat-sealed packages properties of the package. With proper precautions and back-
under specified conditions of exposure. ground experience, reproducible results can be obtained to aid
in the selection of proper package materials required to provide
NOTE 1—Adequate heat-seal efficiency should be determined prior to
the product shelf-life desired. This test method may be used to
this test method.
establish a performance specification.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.1 Weighing Balance—Analytical balance accurate to 1
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mg.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.2 Test Chamber—A test room or cabinet provided with
conditioned air that is continuously circulated around the
2. Referenced Documents
specimens under test. The conditions in the chamber shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
such that no condensation occurs on the specimens.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
7. Materials
7.1 Desiccant—Anhydrous calcium chloride in the form of
3. Terminology
small lumps is recommended for this test method. This should
3.1 Definition:
pass a No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve, and be free of fines that will pass
3.1.1 water vapor transmission of a desiccant-filled
a No. 30 (600-μm) sieve. The desiccant should be dried for at
package—the increase in mass after exposure to a specified
least 24 h at 200°C prior to use.
humid environment (90 6 2 % relative humidity, 100 6 2°F
(37.8 6 1.1°C)). The mass increase may be divided by a time
8. Test Specimens
unit to give a rate (for example, grams per 30 days). It is
8.1 Test specimens shall be representative of the packages
assumed that this mass increase is due to water vapor trans-
being tested, and shall be closed and sealed in the normal
mission (through the package) from the test environment to the
manner.
desiccant.
8.2 Review the precision and bias statement to determine
the number of samples required to meet requirements. Gener-
4. Summary of Test Method
ally, three to five samples have been found to be sufficient for
4.1 Test samples are filled with desiccant and after sealing
most applications.
are exposed to 100 6 2°F (37.8 6 1.1°C) and 90 6 2%
8.3 Each test specimen should be half full of desiccant up to
relative humidity for at least 1 month. Measurements of mass
100 g of desiccant. If the half-full capacity is greater than 100
are taken at intervals to determine the average rate of mass
g of desiccant, the package shall be less than half full, but each
change. Controls are used to monitor mass gain of package
shall contain approximately the same quantity of desiccant.
materials.
8.4 If more than one type of package is tested for compari-
son purposes, all types should have the same (as close as
possible) surface area and shape, and should contain the same
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-2 on Flexible quantity of desiccant.
Barrier Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.30 on Test
8.5 An appropriate number of identical control packages
Methods.
shall be prepared, containing no desiccant.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1994. Published January 1995. Originally
e1
published as D 3079 – 72. Last previous edition D 3079 – 72 (1984) .
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 3079
9. Procedure 10
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Detecting Seal Leaks in Porous Medical Packaging by Dye Penetration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Harmful biological or particulate contaminants may enter the medical package through leaks. These leaks are frequently found at seals between package components of the same or dissimilar materials. Leaks may also result from a pinhole in the packaging material.  
4.2 It is the objective of this test method to visually observe the presence of channel defects by the leakage of dye through them.  
4.3 This dye penetrant procedure is applicable only to individual leaks in a package seal. The presence of a number of small leaks, as found in porous packaging material, which could be detected by other techniques, will not be indicated.  
4.4 There is no general agreement concerning the level of leakage that is likely to be deleterious to a particular package. However, since these tests are designed to detect leaks, components that exhibit any indication of leakage are normally rejected.  
4.5 These procedures are suitable to verify and locate leakage sites. They are not quantitative. No indication of leak size can be inferred from these tests. The methods are usually employed as a pass/fail test.  
4.6 The dye solution will wick through any porous material over time, but usually not within the maximum time suggested. If wicking does occur, it may be verified by observing the porous side of the subject seal area. The dye will have discolored the surface of the material. Refer to Appendix X1 for details on wicking and guidance on the observance of false positives.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines materials and procedures that will detect and locate a leak equal to or greater than a channel formed by a 50 µm (0.002 in.) wire in package edge seals formed between a transparent material and a porous sheet material. A dye penetrant solution is applied locally to the seal edge to be tested for leaks. After contact with the dye penetrant for a specified time, the package is visually inspected for dye penetration.  
1.2 Three dye application methods are covered in this test method: injection, edge dip, and eyedropper.  
1.3 These test methods are intended for use on packages with edge seals formed between a transparent material and a porous sheet material. The test methods are limited to porous materials which can retain the dye penetrant solution and prevent it from discoloring the seal area for a minimum of 5 seconds. Uncoated papers are especially susceptible to leakage and must be evaluated carefully for use with each test method.  
1.4 These test methods require that the dye penetrant solution have good contrast to the opaque packaging material.  
1.5 The values are stated in International System of Units (SI units) and English units. Either is to be regarded as standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F392/F392M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Conditioning Flexible Barrier Materials for Flex Durability

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is valuable in determining the resistance of flexible packaging materials to flex-formed pinholes. Conditioning levels A, B, or C are typically used. Reference Practice E171 and Guide F2097.  
5.2 Conditions D and E are typically used for determining the effect of flexing on barrier properties and transmission rates related to gas and/or moisture.  
5.3 This practice does not measure or condition materials for abrasion related to flex failure.  
5.4 Failures in the integrity of one or more of the plies of a multi-ply structure may require alternative testing. Supplementary permeation testing using gas or water vapor can be used in conjunction with the flex conditioning to measure the loss of ply integrity. Other test methods may be used after flexing for assessment of presence of pinholes. For a list of test methods, refer to Guide F2097.
FIG. 1 Planar Evolution of Gelbo Shaft Helical Groove 30.70 mm [1.20 in.] Diameter Shaft  
5.4.1 The various conditions described in this practice are to prevent evaluating a material structure with an outcome of too many holes to effectively count (normally greater than 50), or too few to be significant (normally less than five per sample). Material structure, testing basis, and a mutual agreement with specified objectives are to be considered in the selection of conditioning level for testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers conditioning of flexible barrier materials for the determination of flex resistance. Subsequent testing can be performed to determine the effects of flexing on material properties. These tests are beyond the scope of this practice.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F88/F88M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Seal strength is a quantitative measure for use in process validation, capability, and control. Seal strength is not only relevant to opening force and package integrity, but to measuring the packaging processes’ ability to produce consistent seals. Seal strength at some minimum level is a necessary package requirement, and at times it is also desirable to have an upper limit to the strength of the seal to facilitate opening.
Note 1: Seal strength values are a measurement of the output of the seal separation and may also involve mechanical properties of the materials that form the seal, given the potential for deformation or elongation over the course of the test. This separation is indicative of the area of the package being sampled and does not take into account simulation of a user interfacing with an entire package during the opening process.
Note 2: Lower seal strength specifications are typically utilized to provide assurance of package closure, which can contribute to seal integrity.
Note 3: Upper seal strength specifications are typically utilized to limit the amount of force required to open a package, ensuring that a user is able to open the design. Upper seal strength specifications are typically limited to seals that are intended to be peeled by the end user.  
4.1.1 The maximum seal force is important information, but for some applications, average force to separate the seal may be useful, and in those cases also should be reported.  
4.2 A portion of the force measured when testing materials may be a bending component and not seal strength alone. A number of fixtures and techniques have been devised to hold samples at various angles to the pull direction to control this bending force. Because the effect of each of these on test results is varied, consistent use of one technique (Technique A, Technique B, or Technique C) throughout a test series is recommended. Examples of techniques are illustrated in Fig. 1.  
4.2.1 Technique A: Unsuppor...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the strength of seals in flexible barrier materials.  
1.2 The test may be conducted on seals between a flexible material and another flexible material, a rigid material, or a semi-rigid material.  
1.3 Seals tested in accordance with this test method may be from any source, laboratory or commercial.  
1.4 This test method measures the force required to separate a test strip of material containing the seal. It also identifies the mode of specimen failure.  
1.5 This test method differs from Test Method F2824. Test Method F2824 measures mechanical seal strength while separating an entire lid (cover/membrane) from a rigid or semi-rigid round container.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F1115-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Carbon Dioxide Loss of Beverage Containers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Two procedures, A and B, are outlined in this test method. Procedure A is used most often for development of various beverage container designs to determine the functional characteristics of the package in regard to shelf life. Procedure B is recommended for use in beverage filling operations as a quality control tool in maintaining the desired CO2 fill pressure. A loss of CO2 will affect product taste.  
5.1.1 Procedure A involves the use of sensitive pressure and temperature monitoring equipment where a high degree of accuracy is essential, for example, a micro-pressure transducer and thermocouple for measuring pressure and temperature of the package in a closed system. Alternatively, this procedure may also use bottles closed with roll-on aluminum caps containing rubber septums. The septum is pierced with a hypodermic needle attached to a pressure transducer to obtain pressure readings. This procedure should be confined to laboratories that are practiced in this type of analytical testing.  
5.1.2 Procedure B is more widely used when measuring the carbonation level of the package due to the simplicity of the technique. A simple Manual pressure assembly or an Automated CO2 Analyzer is utilized.
SCOPE
1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the carbon dioxide (CO2) loss from plastic beverage containers after a specified period of storage time.  
1.2 Factors contributing to this pressure loss are volume expansion and the gas transport characteristics of the package, including permeation and leakage.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3300-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Flexible Packaging Films Using a Reciprocating Weighted Stylus

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Materials such as engineered thermoplastic films are often used for flexible barrier packaging. However, handling and transportation can cause abrasion to the packaging film and possibly compromise the integrity of the contents (for example, sterility of a medical device). This test method provides a comparative ranking of material performance that can be used as an indication of relative end-use performance.  
5.2 The resistance of material surfaces to abrasion, as measured on a testing machine under laboratory conditions, is only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While abrasion resistance and durability are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data.  
5.3 The resistance of material surfaces to abrasion may be affected by factors including test conditions of temperature and humidity, type of abradant, pressure between the specimen and abradant, mounting or tension of the specimen, and type, kind, or amount of finishing materials such as coatings or additives. Other causes of variation include local material movement during testing, material direction alignment, material characteristics, and mandrel and stylus wear. For consistency, samples to be evaluated under special environmental conditions shall be conditioned under those same conditions. It is important that the test instrument be shown to operate properly under special environmental conditions.  
5.4 This test method may not be suitable for all films, including the following cases:  
5.4.1 Films that stretch and generate a ripple in the abraded region during testing,  
5.4.2 Films that have a thickness greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.), or are of such rigidity that forming over the mandrel would cause internal stresses that weaken the film, and  
5.4.3 Conductive films.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of flexible non-conductive films and packaging materials using a weighted stylus that wears completely through a film by oscillating or reciprocating back and forth along a linear path until an electrical circuit is completed shutting down the test.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3039-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Detecting Leaks in Nonporous Packaging or Flexible Barrier Materials by Dye Penetration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Contaminants may enter the package through leaks. Alternatively, product may be lost from the package through leaks. These leaks are frequently found at seals between package components of the same or dissimilar materials.  
4.2 Ingress or egress of gas or moisture through leaks in a package can also degrade sensitive contents.  
4.3 There is no general agreement concerning the level of leakage that is likely to be deleterious to a particular package. However, since these tests are designed to detect leakage, components that exhibit any indication of leakage may be rejected.  
4.4 These procedures are suitable for use to verify and locate leakage sites. They are not quantitative. No indication of leak size can be inferred from the test. Therefore, this method is employed as a go/no-go test.  
4.5 These tests are destructive. No package or component test samples exposed to dye penetration testing may be used for final product packaging.
SCOPE
1.1 Method A of this test method defines a procedure that will detect and locate a leak equal to or greater than a channel formed by a 50 µm [0.002 in.] wire in the edge seals of a nonporous package. A dye penetrant solution is applied locally to the seal edge to be tested for leaks. After contact with the dye penetrant for a minimum specified time, the package is visually inspected for dye penetration or, preferably, the seal edge is placed against an absorbent surface and the surface inspected for staining from the dye.  
1.2 Method B for this test method also defines a procedure that will detect and locate a leak equal to or greater than 10 µm [0.00039 in] diameter in a nonporous flat sheet. The flat sheet is placed on an absorbent surface and then a dye penetrant is spread across the surface of the sheet, preferably using a small roller to apply pressure on the sheet to ensure adequate contact between the absorbent surface and the bottom surface of the sample being tested. The flat sheet is carefully removed and the absorbent surface is inspected for staining from the dye.  
1.3 These test methods are used for both transparent and opaque nonporous surfaces.  
1.4 These test methods require that the dye penetrant have good contrast to the materials being tested and/or the absorbent surface.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F1884-04(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Determining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to measure volatile organic compounds that are emitted from packaging materials under high-temperature conditions.  
5.2 This test method may be useful in assisting in the development and manufacture of packaging materials having minimal retained packaging ink/adhesive solvents.  
5.3 Modification of this procedure by utilizing appropriate qualitative GC detection devices such as a mass spectrometer in place of the flame ionization detector may provide identification of volatile organics of unknown identity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the amount of residual solvents released from within a packaging material contained in a sealed vial under a given set of time and temperature conditions and is a recommended alternative for Test Method F151.  
1.2 This test method covers a procedure for quantitating volatile compounds whose identity has been established and which are retained in packaging materials.  
1.3 The analyst should determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of the method by carrying out appropriate studies on the solvents of interest. The analyst is referred to Practice E260 for guidance.  
1.4 For purposes of verifying the identity of or identifying unknown volatile compounds the analyst is encouraged to incorporate techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy or other suitable techniques in conjunction with this test method.  
1.5 Sensitivity of this test method in the determination of the concentration of a given retained solvent must be determined on a case by case basis due to the variation in the substrate/solvent interaction between different types of samples.  
1.6 This test method does not address the determination of total retained solvents in a packaging material. Techniques such as multiple headspace extraction can be employed to this end. The analyst is referred to the manual supplied with the GC-Autosampling system for guidance.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F2251-13(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Thickness Measurement of Flexible Packaging Material

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means for measuring a thickness dimension. Accurate measurement of thickness can be critical to meeting specifications and characterizing process, product, and material performance.  
4.2 This test method does not address acceptability criteria. These need to be jointly determined by the user and producer of the product. Repeatability and reproducibility of measurement is shown in the Precision and Bias section. Attention should be given to the inherent variability of materials being measured as this can affect measurement outcome.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of thickness of flexible packaging materials using contact micrometers.  
1.2 The Precision and Bias statement for this test method was developed using both handheld and bench top micrometers with foot sizes ranging from 4.8 mm to 15.9 mm (3/16 in. to 5/8 in.).  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F34-13(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Construction of Test Cell for Liquid Extraction of Flexible Barrier Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of extractives from flexible barrier materials may serve many useful purposes. A test cell constructed as described in this practice may be used for obtaining such data. Another test cell has been found equivalent to the one described in this practice. See the appendix for the source of the alternate cell.  
5.2 United States Federal Regulations 21CFR 176.170 (d)(3), 21CFR 177.1330 (e)(4), 21CFR 177.1360 (b), 21CFR 177.1670 (b), and 21CFR Appendix VI (b) cite this standard practice as the basis for determining the amount of extractables from the surface of a package or multilayer film or modified paper in contact with food. In some cases, it is the only practice defined for this purpose. No alternative detail is given in the regulations for conducting extractions.  
5.3 Test Method D4754 is not an equivalent to this test method. It is for two-sided extraction of films having the same material on both of the exposed surfaces of the film.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the construction of test cells which may be used for the extraction of components from flexible barrier materials by suitable extracting liquids, including foods and food simulating solvents.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F119-82(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Rate of Grease Penetration of Flexible Barrier Materials (Rapid Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is valuable in the development and selection of flexible barrier materials suited for use as grease barriers.  
4.2 The test is rapid in comparison with other methods because of the extremely small quantity of oil required for detection (about 6 μg). The actual time to failure is a multiple of the values obtained by this test method. When permeation is through an absorbent structure such as kraft paper coated with polyethylene, the failure times will be longer and variable, depending on the variation in porosity and thickness of the structure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides standard conditions for determining the rate of grease penetration of flexible barrier materials. Pinholes, which can be measured by a separate test, will increase the rate of grease penetration as determined by this test method.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off