ASTM D81-87(2020)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment
Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment
ABSTRACT
This specification covers basic carbonate white lead used as a pigment and in putty. The pigments may be in dry form or a paste in oil. Dry pigment shall conform to the required contents of lead carbonate, moisture and other volatile matter, impurities, and coarse particles. Paste in oil and semipaste containing volatile thinner shall also conform to the requirements of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins of dry pigment. Tests for the following shall be done: coarse particles; moisture in pigment; lead carbonate and total other impurities; and pigment, linseed oil, and moisture and other volatile matter in paste in oil.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the material commercially known as basic carbonate white lead, used as a pigment and in putty. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Aug-2020
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.31 - Pigment Specifications
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-May-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-May-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Jul-1999
- Refers
ASTM D185-84(1999) - Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments, Pastes, and Paints - Effective Date
- 10-May-1999
Overview
ASTM D81-87(2020): Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment establishes the requirements for basic carbonate white lead, a pigment widely used in paints and putty. Issued by ASTM International, this standard applies to the pigment in both dry form and as a paste in oil. The document ensures consistency in pigment quality through strict criteria for chemical composition, impurities, moisture content, and physical properties. This specification supports manufacturers, suppliers, and end-users by providing a uniform basis for quality assurance and product acceptance, adhering to globally recognized standardization principles.
Key Topics
- Material Forms: The standard covers basic carbonate white lead pigment available either as a dry powder or as a paste mixed with linseed oil, as well as semipaste containing a volatile thinner.
- Composition and Purity:
- Dry pigment must meet requirements for lead carbonate content and maximum allowable impurities and moisture.
- Paste in oil must be composed mainly of pigment with limited linseed oil and strict control of moisture, volatile matter, and coarse particles.
- Semipaste formulations must use approved volatile thinners and meet similar compositional standards to the paste in oil.
- Testing and Sampling: Sampling methods are specified to ensure representative testing, with test methods referenced for:
- Coarse particles (ASTM D185)
- Moisture and volatile matter (ASTM D280)
- Chemical analysis of lead carbonate and impurities (ASTM D1301)
- Properties of pigment, linseed oil, and moisture in paste (ASTM D1208)
- Packaging and Consistency: Requirements ensure the pigment, paste, or semipaste is free from caking, can be easily mixed or stirred, and provides a smooth paint with consistent brushing properties.
- International Compliance: The standard aligns with World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (WTO TBT) guidelines, supporting international trade and market access.
Applications
- Paint Pigment: Basic carbonate white lead is used as a white pigment in paints due to its opacity and covering power.
- Putty Ingredient: The pigment enhances the workability and integrity of putty formulations used in glazing and sealing applications.
- Quality Assurance for Manufacturers and Distributors: Adhering to ASTM D81 ensures that materials supplied to customers meet industry benchmarks for performance and safety.
- Specification in Procurement: Architects, contractors, and project managers reference this standard in specifying and purchasing reliable white lead pigments for restoration or specialty use.
- Testing and Regulatory Compliance: Laboratories and quality control personnel rely on the prescribed tests for verification of material properties, assisting in regulatory compliance and product certification.
Related Standards
- ASTM D185 - Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
- ASTM D280 - Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
- ASTM D1208 - Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain Pigments
- ASTM D1301 - Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Lead Pigments
For more information or to access the official ASTM D81-87(2020) standard, visit ASTM International's website or contact their customer service.
Keywords: basic carbonate white lead, white lead pigment, ASTM standard, pigment in putty, paint pigment, lead carbonate, linseed oil, pigment testing, pigment quality, international standards, WTO TBT compliance
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ASTM D81-87(2020) - Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D81-87(2020) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers basic carbonate white lead used as a pigment and in putty. The pigments may be in dry form or a paste in oil. Dry pigment shall conform to the required contents of lead carbonate, moisture and other volatile matter, impurities, and coarse particles. Paste in oil and semipaste containing volatile thinner shall also conform to the requirements of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins of dry pigment. Tests for the following shall be done: coarse particles; moisture in pigment; lead carbonate and total other impurities; and pigment, linseed oil, and moisture and other volatile matter in paste in oil. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the material commercially known as basic carbonate white lead, used as a pigment and in putty. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers basic carbonate white lead used as a pigment and in putty. The pigments may be in dry form or a paste in oil. Dry pigment shall conform to the required contents of lead carbonate, moisture and other volatile matter, impurities, and coarse particles. Paste in oil and semipaste containing volatile thinner shall also conform to the requirements of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins of dry pigment. Tests for the following shall be done: coarse particles; moisture in pigment; lead carbonate and total other impurities; and pigment, linseed oil, and moisture and other volatile matter in paste in oil. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the material commercially known as basic carbonate white lead, used as a pigment and in putty. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D81-87(2020) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D81-87(2020) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D81-87(2014), ASTM D1301-91(2020), ASTM D1208-96(2019), ASTM D1301-91(2014), ASTM D280-01(2012), ASTM D1208-96(2012), ASTM D1301-91(2008), ASTM D185-07, ASTM D1208-96(2007), ASTM D280-01(2007), ASTM D1301-91(2003), ASTM D280-01, ASTM D280-81(1995), ASTM D1301-91(1999), ASTM D185-84(1999). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D81-87(2020) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D81 −87 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D81; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Lead carbonate, % 62 to 75
Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.7
1.1 This specification covers the material commercially
Total other impurities, max, % 1.0
known as basic carbonate white lead, used as a pigment and in Coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 1.0
325 (45-µm) sieve), max, %
putty. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a
3.2 Paste in Oil—The paste shall be made by thoroughly
paste in oil.
grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. The paste shall
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
not be caked in the container and shall break up readily in oil
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
to form a smooth paint of brushing consistency.The paste shall
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
conform to the following requirements:
and are not considered standard.
Pigment, min, % 89
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
Linseed oil, max, % 11
Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.7
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a 1.5
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
No. 325 (45-µm) sieve), max, % of the dry
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pigment
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3 Semipaste Containing Volatile Thinner—The semipaste
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
shall be made by thoroughly grinding the specified pigment
with a mixture of linseed oil and a small amount of volatile
2. Referenced Documents
thinner. The semipaste shall not be caked in the container and
2.1 ASTM Standards: shall be readily stirred to a uniform mixture which shall mix
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments readilywithoil,turpentine,orvolatilepetroleumspiritstoform
D280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other a smooth paint of brushing consistency. The odor of the
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments semipaste, as taken from the container, while drying or after
drying, shall be not abnormally pungent or disagreeable. The
D1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain
Pigments semipaste shall conform to the following requirements:
D1301 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of White Lead
Pigment, min, % 87.5
Linseed oil, max, % 10.5
Pigments
A
Moisture and other volatile matter, % 1.5to3.0
Moisture, max, % 0.7
3. Composition and Properties
Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained 1.5
on a No. 325 (45-µm) sieve), max, % of the
3.1 Dry Pigment—The pigment shall be free of adulterants
dry pigment
and shall contain not more than traces of impurities incident to
A
The volatile matter shall be turpentine, volatile petroleum spirits, or any mixture
well-controlled manufacture of high-grade basic carbonate
thereof.
white lead. The pigment shall conform to the follow
...




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