ASTM D7149-05(2021)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determining the Freeze Thaw Stability of Adhesives
Standard Practice for Determining the Freeze Thaw Stability of Adhesives
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice will provide a procedure for determining the stability of an adhesive to withstand five repeated cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature.
4.2 This practice will allow the user to determine whether or not the adhesive can be appropriately applied after cycling of freezing and thawing.
4.3 This practice will identify any significant changes in the manufactured viscosity of the product after five cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature.
4.4 This practice will help determine if the pH of adhesive has changed significantly due to the freezing and thawing cycles.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice determines the ability of an adhesive to withstand repeated freezing and thawing cycles at specific temperatures without any significant change in physical properties.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Mar-2021
- Technical Committee
- D14 - Adhesives
- Drafting Committee
- D14.10 - Working Properties
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 15-Aug-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2006
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2005
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2005
Overview
ASTM D7149-05(2021), Standard Practice for Determining the Freeze Thaw Stability of Adhesives, establishes a reliable procedure for evaluating the ability of adhesives to withstand repeated cycles of freezing and thawing at specific temperatures. This standard helps manufacturers, formulators, and end-users determine if an adhesive can maintain its performance characteristics-specifically viscosity and pH-after exposure to environmental stresses that are common in storage, transport, and application. Developed by ASTM, an internationally acclaimed standards organization, this practice supports quality assurance across industries utilizing adhesives.
Key Topics
- Stability Assessment: The main focus is to assess whether an adhesive experiences significant changes in physical properties, such as viscosity or pH, after undergoing five freeze-thaw cycles or as otherwise specified.
- Freeze-Thaw Cycling: The methodology describes subjecting adhesives to repeated cycles at prescribed temperatures and monitoring any resulting changes.
- Physical Property Evaluation: Changes in viscosity and pH are measured after each cycle to determine if the adhesive retains its intended application properties.
- Product Usability: The outcome indicates if an adhesive remains effective for use after freeze-thaw exposure.
- Safety and Compliance: Users are responsible for adhering to appropriate health, safety, and environmental practices in line with regulatory requirements.
Applications
The freeze thaw stability test for adhesives is essential in multiple practical scenarios:
- Manufacturing Quality Control: Adhesive manufacturers use the ASTM D7149-05(2021) procedure to ensure products will perform consistently even after exposure to sub-zero storage or shipping conditions.
- Product Development: R&D teams evaluate new adhesive formulations to optimize freeze-thaw performance, tailoring products for demanding environmental applications.
- Distribution and Supply Chain: Distributors and logistics providers rely on this standard to select adhesives that can survive storage and transport in various climates without degradation.
- End-User Assurance: Industries such as construction, woodworking, packaging, automotive, and electronics implement this practice to confirm that adhesives used in critical assemblies remain reliable, despite temperature fluctuations.
- Regulatory Compliance: The test supports compliance with national and international quality standards, ensuring market access and customer satisfaction.
Related Standards
Several ASTM standards are frequently referenced in conjunction with ASTM D7149-05(2021) to provide a comprehensive evaluation of adhesives:
- ASTM D907: Terminology of Adhesives - Defines relevant terms for consistent communication.
- ASTM D1084: Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives - Specifies techniques for measuring adhesive viscosity.
- ASTM D1293: Test Methods for pH of Water - Used in measuring pH in aqueous adhesive systems.
- ASTM D2556: Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives - Focuses on adhesives with shear-rate-dependent flow properties.
Practical Value
Adhering to ASTM D7149-05(2021) ensures that adhesives meet critical performance criteria in environments subject to freezing and thawing, safeguarding application reliability and user safety. This practice is vital for anyone involved in adhesive formulation, manufacturing, supply, or end use, enabling informed decisions in product selection, validation, and quality management. By following this internationally recognized approach, organizations can minimize product failure risks linked to environmental stress, enhancing both operational efficiency and customer trust.
Keywords: ASTM D7149, freeze thaw stability of adhesives, adhesive testing, adhesive viscosity, adhesive pH, quality assurance, environmental stability, freeze thaw cycles, ASTM standards.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D7149-05(2021) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Determining the Freeze Thaw Stability of Adhesives". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This practice will provide a procedure for determining the stability of an adhesive to withstand five repeated cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature. 4.2 This practice will allow the user to determine whether or not the adhesive can be appropriately applied after cycling of freezing and thawing. 4.3 This practice will identify any significant changes in the manufactured viscosity of the product after five cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature. 4.4 This practice will help determine if the pH of adhesive has changed significantly due to the freezing and thawing cycles. SCOPE 1.1 This practice determines the ability of an adhesive to withstand repeated freezing and thawing cycles at specific temperatures without any significant change in physical properties. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This practice will provide a procedure for determining the stability of an adhesive to withstand five repeated cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature. 4.2 This practice will allow the user to determine whether or not the adhesive can be appropriately applied after cycling of freezing and thawing. 4.3 This practice will identify any significant changes in the manufactured viscosity of the product after five cycles, or as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific temperature. 4.4 This practice will help determine if the pH of adhesive has changed significantly due to the freezing and thawing cycles. SCOPE 1.1 This practice determines the ability of an adhesive to withstand repeated freezing and thawing cycles at specific temperatures without any significant change in physical properties. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D7149-05(2021) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.180 - Adhesives. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D7149-05(2021) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D2556-14(2018), ASTM D2556-14, ASTM D907-12a, ASTM D907-12, ASTM D1293-12, ASTM D907-11a, ASTM D2556-11, ASTM D907-11, ASTM D907-08b, ASTM D907-08a, ASTM D907-08, ASTM D1084-08, ASTM D907-06, ASTM D2556-93a(2005), ASTM D1084-97(2005). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D7149-05(2021) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7149 − 05 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Practice for
Determining the Freeze Thaw Stability of Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7149; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This practice determines the ability of an adhesive to 4.1 This practice will provide a procedure for determining
withstand repeated freezing and thawing cycles at specific thestabilityofanadhesivetowithstandfiverepeatedcycles,or
temperatures without any significant change in physical prop- as otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific
erties. temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 4.2 Thispracticewillallowtheusertodeterminewhetheror
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information not the adhesive can be appropriately applied after cycling of
only. freezing and thawing.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 This practice will identify any significant changes in the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
manufactured viscosity of the product after five cycles, or as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
otherwise specified, of freezing and thawing at a specific
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
temperature.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.4 This practice will help determine if the pH of adhesive
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
has changed significantly due to the freezing and thawing
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
cycles.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 5. Apparatus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1 A 1.0 L (1 qt) container, or larger, with lid. Other
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
container sizes may be applicable for some adhesives.
5.2 Freezer capable of maintaining -18 6 -2°C (0.0 6 -5°F)
2. Referenced Documents
to -7 6 -2°C (20 6 -5°F).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Brookfield RVT Viscometer 1-spindle TC at5–20
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
rpms, Heliopath stand.
D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
NOTE1—Otherviscometermodels,theirspeedandspindlesize,maybe
D2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives utilized as long as they comply to Test Methods D1084 or D2556 and are
recommended by the manufacturer for such use.
Having Shear-Rate-Dependent Flow Properties Using Ro-
tational Viscometry
5.4 pH meter.
5.5 Tongue depressor or similar.
3. Terminology
6. Conditioning
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Many of the terms utilized in this practice are defined 6.1 Condition the adhesive to be tested 24 h at 23 6 -2°C
in Terminology D907. (73 6 -4°F) with a relative humidity if 50 6 -5 % prior to
testing.
7. Procedure
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives
7.1 Fill the container with adhesive to be tested.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally
7.2 Checktheviscosityoftheadhesiveafteritistransferred
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as
...
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