ASTM D7190-10(2023)
(Practice)Standard Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex Paint Films
Standard Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex Paint Films<!--Missing unit for values in fn 3 - KF (10/23/23)--><?Pub Caret -1?>
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Surfactant staining is a common problem with exterior house paints, particularly when subjected to humid environments (such as morning dew) shortly after application.
4.2 Interior paints used in humid areas such as kitchens and bathrooms may also experience surfactant staining.
4.3 Leaching of water-soluble materials may be dependent on colorant dispersions that are mixed into tint base paints. Other paint components may also affect the leaching of water-soluble materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the ability of a latex paint film to resist staining caused by the leaching of water-soluble materials when contacted with water shortly after application.
1.2 Water staining is attributed to the leaching of surfactants or other water-soluble materials from a paint film.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-2023
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.42 - Architectural Coatings
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2023
Overview
ASTM D7190-10(2023), titled Standard Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex Paint Films, provides a standardized method to assess the resistance of latex paint films to staining caused by leaching of water-soluble substances. This practice is crucial for evaluating water sensitivity and the potential for surfactant staining, particularly under humid conditions or when water contacts the paint film shortly after application. Developed under the auspices of ASTM International, this standard supports manufacturers, paint formulators, and quality assurance professionals in ensuring their paint products meet high-performance requirements related to early water resistance.
Key Topics
- Surfactant Staining: Surfactant staining appears as discoloration or visible marks on paint films, most commonly resulting from water exposure in humid conditions, such as morning dew.
- Leaching Mechanism: The standard details how water droplets can leach surfactants or other water-soluble materials from freshly applied latex paints, affecting both color and gloss.
- Test Process Overview:
- Application of a uniform film of latex paint onto black plastic panels, using a controlled film applicator.
- Exposure of the paint film to water droplets at specified intervals after application (typically 4 hours, 1 day, and 4 days).
- Visual evaluation of the paint surface for staining, color change, or gloss alteration as indicators of coating failure.
- Assessment Criteria: Paint coatings are rated based on the extent and severity of water-induced staining, with guidance informed by visual inspection criteria.
Applications
ASTM D7190-10(2023) serves several practical purposes in the paint and coatings industry:
- Product Development: Enables manufacturers to test new formulations of latex paints for susceptibility to surfactant leaching and water sensitivity, especially for paints intended for exterior or humid interior environments.
- Quality Control: Provides a reliable means to evaluate batch consistency and ensure compliance with performance claims regarding early water resistance.
- Specification Compliance: Assists suppliers and customers in verifying performance as part of purchase agreements or regulatory submissions.
- Environmental and Use Cases:
- Exterior paints for homes or structures, particularly in climates prone to dew or moisture.
- Interior paints for rooms with high humidity such as kitchens and bathrooms, where leaching and staining risks are elevated.
Understanding and controlling water leaching and surfactant staining is essential for maintaining the long-term appearance and durability of architectural coatings.
Related Standards
The evaluation methods and procedures outlined in ASTM D7190-10(2023) are closely linked to several other industry standards:
- ASTM D1308: Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Coating Systems. Relevant for assessing the chemical resistance of paint films, including water exposure effects.
- ASTM D3924: Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials. Defines the atmospheric conditions under which leaching tests should be performed to ensure result consistency.
These references form an integral part of a comprehensive strategy for evaluating and enhancing the moisture resistance of latex paints.
Keywords: latex paint, surfactant staining, water leaching, water sensitivity, paint film evaluation, ASTM D7190, early water resistance, architectural coatings, quality control, exterior paint performance, interior paint humidity.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D7190-10(2023) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice to Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex Paint Films<!--Missing unit for values in fn 3 - KF (10/23/23)--><?Pub Caret -1?>". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 Surfactant staining is a common problem with exterior house paints, particularly when subjected to humid environments (such as morning dew) shortly after application. 4.2 Interior paints used in humid areas such as kitchens and bathrooms may also experience surfactant staining. 4.3 Leaching of water-soluble materials may be dependent on colorant dispersions that are mixed into tint base paints. Other paint components may also affect the leaching of water-soluble materials. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the ability of a latex paint film to resist staining caused by the leaching of water-soluble materials when contacted with water shortly after application. 1.2 Water staining is attributed to the leaching of surfactants or other water-soluble materials from a paint film. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 Surfactant staining is a common problem with exterior house paints, particularly when subjected to humid environments (such as morning dew) shortly after application. 4.2 Interior paints used in humid areas such as kitchens and bathrooms may also experience surfactant staining. 4.3 Leaching of water-soluble materials may be dependent on colorant dispersions that are mixed into tint base paints. Other paint components may also affect the leaching of water-soluble materials. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the ability of a latex paint film to resist staining caused by the leaching of water-soluble materials when contacted with water shortly after application. 1.2 Water staining is attributed to the leaching of surfactants or other water-soluble materials from a paint film. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D7190-10(2023) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D7190-10(2023) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D7190-10(2015), ASTM D5324-16(2022). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D7190-10(2023) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7190 − 10 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice to
Evaluate Leaching of Water-Soluble Materials from Latex
Paint Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7190; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This practice covers the ability of a latex paint film to 4.1 Surfactant staining is a common problem with exterior
resist staining caused by the leaching of water-soluble materi- house paints, particularly when subjected to humid environ-
als when contacted with water shortly after application. ments (such as morning dew) shortly after application.
1.2 Water staining is attributed to the leaching of surfactants 4.2 Interior paints used in humid areas such as kitchens and
or other water-soluble materials from a paint film. bathrooms may also experience surfactant staining.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 4.3 Leaching of water-soluble materials may be dependent
standard. on colorant dispersions that are mixed into tint base paints.
Other paint components may also affect the leaching of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
water-soluble materials.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.1 Film Applicator, suitable to obtain a wet film thickness
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- typically in the range of 125 μm to 250 μm (5 mils to 10 mils),
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- or as agreed upon between manufacturer and supplier.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6. Materials
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6.1 Black plastic panels.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6.2 Distilled water.
2. Referenced Documents
6.3 Syringe, 1.0 cc.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7. Procedure
D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on
Clear and Pigmented Coating Systems
7.1 Apply the test paint along the long dimension of the
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
black plastic panel using the selected film applicator. Allow to
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
dry for 4 hours at standard atmospheric conditions of 23 °C 6
Materials
2 °C (73.5 ºF 6 3.5 ºF) and relative humidity of 50 % 6 5 %
as specified in Specification D3924. Use the same film thick-
3. Summary of Practice
ness when comparing a series of latex paint films.
3.1 Water droplets are placed on a paint film that is in its
7.2 Divide the test panel into three sections, labeling them 4
early stages of drying. Stains left behind are evaluated for
Hours, 1 Day, and 4 Days or times agreed upon by the
intensity and how the appearance of the coating has changed.
manufacturer and supplier. (Fig. 1)
7.3 Place a row of four droplets of distilled water at room
This practice
...
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