ASTM D3891-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
Standard Practice for Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings and related products.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2023
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.27 - Accelerated Testing
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2006
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2006
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-1999
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-1999
- Effective Date
- 10-Dec-1997
Overview
ASTM D3891-23: Standard Practice for Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products provides a systematic procedure to prepare glass panels for laboratory testing. Created by ASTM International, this standard helps ensure glass panels have consistent preparation and cleanliness, delivering reliable results when testing coatings such as paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings, and similar products. This practice promotes uniformity across test panels, which is essential for accurate performance evaluation and comparison of coatings.
Key Topics
- Panel Preparation Procedures: Step-by-step cleaning and handling methods to ensure uniformity and prevent contamination of glass panels before testing.
- Glass Types: Guidance on suitable glass types, such as float (window) glass, clear plate glass, ground plate glass, and structural glass, indicating specific surface qualities required for different tests.
- Solvents and Reagents: Recommendation of appropriate cleaning agents, including VM&P naphtha, xylene, 2-methoxypropanol, and reagent water conforming to ASTM D1193 requirements.
- Cleanliness Criteria: Verification process to achieve a water-break-free surface, ensuring no residues are left that could interfere with coating adhesion or test accuracy.
- Panel Protection: Best practices for storing and handling glass panels after preparation to maintain cleanliness and prevent artifacts or damage.
- Light Transmission Considerations: Guidance for test arrangements when UV and visible light exposure are part of the coating evaluation, such as orientation of the glass panel relative to the light source.
Applications
ASTM D3891-23 is widely used in industries where coatings performance must be evaluated under controlled conditions. Specific applications include:
- Quality Control: Ensuring a standardized approach for preparing glass substrates used in laboratory testing of paints, varnishes, and lacquers.
- Product Development: Supporting formulation improvements and comparisons by providing a consistent and reproducible testing base for new coatings and finishes.
- Research and Testing Laboratories: Facilitating reproducible test results when comparing the performance, adhesion, durability, and other characteristics of various surface treatments and coatings.
- Regulatory Compliance: Assisting manufacturers and evaluators in meeting international standards for coatings testing, thus supporting regulatory submissions and customer requirements.
- Evaluation of Conversion Coatings: Providing a reliable basis for testing coatings used on metal or other substrates by first optimizing their application on glass panels.
Related Standards
When preparing glass panels and conducting paint and coating tests, the following related standards may also apply:
- ASTM D1193: Specification for Reagent Water, referenced for ensuring water purity during cleaning processes.
- ASTM D1152 (Withdrawn): Specification for Methanol (Methyl Alcohol), previously referenced for solvent purity.
- Method 2021 of U.S. Federal Test Method Standard 141: Recognized as equivalent practice for glass panel preparation.
- ASTM Standards on Paints and Coatings: Additional relevant testing and performance standards within the ASTM D01 committee.
By following ASTM D3891-23, organizations ensure the preparation of glass panels is consistent, repeatable, and suitable for the accurate testing of a wide range of coatings and related products. Uniform panel preparation contributes to the reliability and credibility of paint, varnish, lacquer, and conversion coating performance data.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D3891-23 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings and related products. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.2 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings and related products. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.2 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D3891-23 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D3891-23 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D1152-06, ASTM D1193-06, ASTM D1193-99e1, ASTM D1193-99, ASTM D1152-97(2001). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D3891-23 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3891 − 23
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish,
Lacquer, and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3891; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Reagents and Materials
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for
4.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
products.
to Type IV of Specification D1193.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.2 Solvents—Varnish Makers’ and Painters (VM&P)
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
naphtha, xylene, 2-methoxypropanol, and methanol complying
only.
with the appropriate specifications (see Specification D1152).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 Glass of the following types may be specified in the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
applicable test methods:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3.1 Window Glass, (float glass) the surface of which is
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
plain and free of irregularities.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—Float glass is the most common kind of glass used for
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
windows. It is produced by floating a ribbon of red hot glass on a bath of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
molten tin. The sides of the float glass exposed to tin and to air have
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
somewhat different characteristics. The tin side contains tin diffused into
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the glass structure. Paint generally releases more easily from the tin side,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
but it may be contaminated with tin, which could affect chemical analysis.
Paint generally adheres better to the air side. The sides can be distin-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
guished by exposing the glass to a UV-A light (“black light”): the air side
will appear clear, and the tin side will appear frosted. Depending on the
2. Referenced Documents
application, the user may want to choose which side is appropriate for that
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test, and make sure that the same side is coated on every panel. Note
however, that if the window glass used is not float glass (for example,
D1152 Specification for Methanol (Methyl Alcohol) (With-
plate glass), both sides of the glass will be the same.
drawn 2021)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4.3.2 Clear Plate Glass, not less than 5 mm (0.16 in.) thick.
4.3.3 Plate Glass that has been ground uniformly on one
3. Significance and Use
side with 1F carborundum.
3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to
4.3.4 Black Structural Glass, one side of which has been
provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish,
polished to a smooth, high-gloss surface.
lacquer, conversion coatings and related products.
4.3.5 White Structural Glass, one side of which has been
polished to a smooth, high gloss.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of 5. Method of Preparation
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
5.1 New Panels—Using a clean lintless cloth, wipe the
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D3891 – 08 (2019).
panel with a solvent mixture consisting of equal volumes of
DOI: 10.1520/D3891-23.
VM&P naphtha and xylene, or of 3 parts by volume of VM&P
This
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3891 − 08 (Reapproved 2019) D3891 − 23
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Glass Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish,
Lacquer, and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3891; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of glass panels for subsequent testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1152 Specification for Methanol (Methyl Alcohol) (Withdrawn 2021)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform glass panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer,
conversion coatings and related products.
4. Reagents and Materials
4.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming to
Type IV of Specification D1193.
4.2 Solvents—Varnish Makers’ and Painters (VM&P) naphtha, xylene, 2-methoxypropanol, and methanol complying with the
appropriate specifications (see Specification D1152).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019June 1, 2023. Published January 2019June 2023. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20142019 as
D3891 – 08 (2014).(2019). DOI: 10.1520/D3891-08R19.10.1520/D3891-23.
This practice is intended to be equivalent to Method 2021 of U.S. Federal Test Method Standard 141.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3891 − 23
4.3 Glass of the following types may be specified in the applicable test methods:
4.3.1 Window Glass, (float glass) the surface of which is plain and free of irregularities.
NOTE 1—Float glass is the most common kind of glass used for windows. It is produced by floating a ribbon of red hot glass on a bath of molten tin.
The sides of the float glass exposed to tin and to air have somewhat different characteristics. The tin side contains tin diffused into the glass structure.
Paint generally releases more easily from the tin side, but it may be contaminated with tin, which could affect chemical analysis. Paint generally adheres
better to the air side. The sides can be distinguished by exposing the glass to a UV-A light (“black light”): the air side will appear clear, and the tin side
will appear frosted. Depending on the application, the user may want to choose which side is appropriate for that test, and make sure that the same side
is coated on every panel. Note however, that if t
...
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