ASTM A334/A334M-04a(2021)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A334/A334M −04a (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for
Low-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA334/A334M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2 3
1.1 This specification covers several grades of minimum- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
wall-thickness, seamless and welded, carbon and alloy-steel A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
tubes intended for use at low temperatures. Some product sizes of Steel Products
may not be available under this specification because heavier A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
wall thicknesses have an adverse affect on low-temperature Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
impact properties. Steel Tubes
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-
1.2 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature is
tallic Materials
provided. This shall apply only when specified by the pur-
chaser.
3. Ordering Information
NOTE 1—For tubing smaller than ⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter,
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
the elongation values given for strip specimens in Table 1 shall apply.
1 include the following, as required to describe the desired
Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than ⁄8
material adequately:
in. [3.2 mm] in outside diameter and with a wall thickness under 0.015 in.
[0.4 mm].
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (seamless or welded tubes),
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
3.1.6 Optional requirements (other temperatures, Section
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
14; hydrostatic or electric test, Section 16),
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
3.1.7 Test report required, (Certification Section of Specifi-
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
cation A1016/A1016M),
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
3.1.8 Specification designation, and
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.9 Special requirements and any supplementary require-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ments selected.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. General Requirements
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Specification A1016/A1016M, unless otherwise provided
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
herein.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Materials and Manufacture
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or automatic
welding process with no addition of filler metal in the welding
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
operation.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A334/A334M – 04a For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(2016). DOI: 10.1520/A0334_A0334M-04AR21. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-334 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A334/A334M−04a (2021)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Element Composition, %
A A
Grade 1 Grade 3 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 11
Carbon, max 0.30 0.19 0.30 0.19 0.13 0.20 0.10
Manganese 0.40–1.06 0.31–0.64 0.29–1.06 0.90 max 0.90 max 0.40–1.06 0.60 max
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025
Silicon . 0.18–0.37 0.10 min 0.13–0.32 0.13–0.32 . 0.35 max
Nickel . 3.18–3.82 . 2.03–2.57 8.40–9.60 1.60–2.24 35.0–37.0
Chromium . . . . . . 0.50 max
Copper . . . . . 0.75–1.25 .
Cobalt . . . . . . 0.50 max
Molybdenum . . . . . . 0.50 max
A
For each reduction of 0.01 % carbon below 0.30 %, an increase of 0.05 % manganese above 1.06 % will be permitted to a maximum of 1.35 % manganese.
6. Heat Treatment 6.4 Whether to anneal Grade 11 tubes is per agreement
between purchaser and supplier. When Grade 11 tubes are
6.1 All seamless and welded tubes, other than Grades 8 and
annealed they shall be normalized in the range of 1400 to 1600
11, shall be treated to control their microstructure in accor-
°F [760 to 870 °C].
dance with one of the following methods:
6.1.1 Normalize by heating to a uniform temperature of not
7. Chemical Composition
less than 1550 °F [845 °C] and cool in air or in the cooling
chamber of an atmosphere controlled furnace. 7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
6.1.2 Normalize as in 10.1.1, and, at the discretion of the
manufacturer, reheat to a suitable tempering temperature.
7.2 When Grades 1 or 6 are ordered under this specification,
6.1.3 For the seamless process only, reheat and control hot
supplying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition
working and the temperature of the hot-finishing operation to a
of any element other than those listed for the ordered grade in
finishing temperature range from 1550 to 1750 °F [845 to 955
Table 1 is not permitted. However, the addition of elements
°C] and cool in a controlled atmosphere furnace from an initial
required for the deoxidation of the steel is permitted.
temperature of not less than 1550 °F [845 °C].
6.1.4 Treat as in 6.1.3 and, at the discretion of the
8. Product Analysis
manufacturer, reheat to a suitable tempering temperature.
8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of
6.2 Grade 8 tubes shall be heat treated by the manufacturer
flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made for each heat. The
by either of the following methods.
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the
6.2.1 Quenched and Tempered—Heat to a uniform tempera-
requirements specified.
ture of 1475 6 25 °F [800 6 15 °C]; hold at this temperature
8.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of
for a minimum time in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2 min/mm] of
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shall
thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; quench by
be made. Both retests, for the elements in question, shall meet
immersion in circulating water. Reheat until the pipe attains a
the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining
uniform temperature within the range from 1050 to 1125 °F
material in the heat or lot shall be rejected or, at the option of
[565 to 605 °C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time
themanufacturer,eachbillet,lengthofflat-rolledstock,ortube
in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case
may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets, lengths of
less than 15 min; cool in air or water quench at a rate no less
flat-rolled stock, or tubes which do not meet the requirements
than 300 °F [165 °C]/h.
of the specification shall be rejected.
6.2.2 DoubleNormalizedandTempered—Heattoauniform
temperature of 1650 6 25 °F [900 6 15 °C]; hold at this
9. Sampling
temperature for a minimum time in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2
min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min; cool in 9.1 For flattening, flare, and flange requirements, the term
air. Reheat until the pipe attains a uniform temperature of 1450 lot applies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size
6 25 °F [790 6 15 °C]; hold at this temperature for a and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of
minimum time in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2 min/mm] of thickness, steel.When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot
but in no case less than 15 min; cool in air. Reheat to a uniform shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the
temperature within the range from 1050 to 1125 °F [565 to 605 same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge.
°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. [2 When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the
min/mm] of thickness but in no case less than 15 min; cool in number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a
air or water quench at a rate not less than 300 °F [165 °C]/h. lot shall be determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed
in Table 2.
6.3 Material from which impact specimens are obtained
shall be in the same condition of heat treatment as the finished 9.2 For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lot
tubes. applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal
A334/A334M−04a (2021)
TABLE 2 Heat-Treatment Lot
12.2.3 The values of absorbed energy in foot-pounds and
Size of Tube Size of Lot the fracture appearance in percentage shear shall be recorded
for information. A record of these values shall be retained for
a period of at least 2 years.
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter not more than 50 tubes
and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over in wall
thickness
13. Mechanical Tests
Under 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 not more than 75 tubes
13.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a
mm] in outside diameter, or over 1 in.
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes.Tension tests shall
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in thickness
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
1 in. [25.4 mm] or under in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes
tubes.
13.2 Flattening Test—One flattening test shall be made on
specimens from each end of one finished tube of each lot but
not the one used for the flare or flange test.
diameter and wall thickness which are produced from the same
heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type
13.3 Flare Test (Seamless Tubes)—One flare test shall be
furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size
made on specimens from each end of one finished tube of each
and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace
lot, but not the one used for the flattening test.
charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous
13.4 Flange Test (Welded Tubes)—One flange test shall be
furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat,
made on specimens from each end of one finished tube of each
heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time
lot, but not the one used for the flattening test.
at heat and furnace speed.
13.5 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one re-
10. Tensile Requirements
verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each
1500 ft [460 m] of finished tubing.
10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.
13.6 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot.
11. Hardness Requirements
13.7 Impact Tests—One notched-bar impact test, consisting
11.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not exceeding
of breaking three specimens, shall be made from each heat
those prescribed in Table 4.
represented in a heat-treatment load on specimens taken from
the finished tube. This test shall represent only tubes from the
12. Impact Requirements
same heat, which have wall thicknesses not exceeding by more
than ⁄4 in. [6.3 mm] the wall thicknesses of the tube from
12.1 For Grades 1, 3, 6, 7 and 9, the notched-bar impact
properties of each set of three impact specimens, including which the test specimens are taken. If heat treatment is
performed in
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